Transcript Slide 1

Social Protection Strategy for
the Poor and Vulnerable in
Cambodia
Sann Vathana (PhD)
Deputy Secretary General of CARD
Impact of economic downturn on the poor and strategic response
01 July, 2010
Imperial Garden Hotel and Villa
H.E. Dr. Vathana Sann
Mar-09
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Background
 Economic crises stroked Cambodia after a
decade of growth and poverty reduction
 Overall economic achievement is not that
bad: agriculture (+5.4%), service (+2.3%)
vs. industry (-9%)
 About 20% of total household are affected
(garment, tourism)
 Support to economic growth: public
expenditure expansion, social safety net,
vocational training
 Agr. development fund establishment
(productivity and diversification)
H.E. Dr. Vathana Sann
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Background: 7 lesson learnt
Social safety
net
improvement
Political
stability and
social order
Agricultural
and rural
development
 Vision and goal
 Objectives
 Institutional arrangement
 Lesson learn
Reform
agenda
implementing
H.E. Dr. Vathana Sann
Mar-09
Productivity
and coverage
improvement
Product and
market
diversification
Economic
linkage and
integration
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Background: 7 lesson learnt
Social safety
net
improvement
Political
stability and
social order
Agricultural
and rural
development
 Vision and goal
 Objectives
 Institutional arrangement
 Lesson learn
Reform
agenda
implementing
H.E. Dr. Vathana Sann
Mar-09
Productivity
and coverage
improvement
Product and
market
diversification
Economic
linkage and
integration
4
Background: growth and crises
Group
% Population % Poor
Elderly
4.3
25.9
Employed
53.3
28.3
Female-headed H.H
18.2
27.9
People with disabilities
1.3
28.6
Ethnic minorities
2.2
36.1
Children (Ages 0-14)
33.5
37.4
Cambodia
100
30.5
H.E. Dr. Vathana Sann
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Process
Legal aspect
and direction
 The legal frameworks of the country on social protection:
 Constitution, laws, National Strategy Development Plan
 Various international convention ratified by the country
 Momentum, new paradigm of discussion
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Process
Vulnerability
profile
Legal aspect
and direction
 The profile of the poor and vulnerable people
 The chronically poor and vulnerable people
 The transient poor caused by recent economic crises
 Special vulnerable groups
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Process
Vulnerability
profile
Legal aspect
and direction
Gaps of
existing
programmes
 Gaps of existing programmes:
 Geographical patchiness
 Gaps of vulnerable groups
 The near-poor and transient poor caused by crises
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Process
Vulnerability
profile
Gaps of
existing
programmes
Legal aspect
and direction
Process of
consultations
 SP as cross-cutting issue and the need for integrated and
systematic national social protection programme
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Process
Vulnerability
profile
Gaps of
existing
programmes
Legal aspect
and direction
Process of
consultations
 MoSVY, MoLVT, MRD, MoEYS, MoP, MoI, MoH, MAFF...
 ILO, WFP, GTZ, UNDP, UNICEF, WB, ADB, WHO...
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Gradual progress
-
Social Protection for the
Poor and Vulnerable
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Gradual progress
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Approaches
 Balancing the poverty reduction, risk
mitigation and HD
 Approaches
 Support the poor through social
support
 Reduce impact of risk leading to
negative coping strategy
 Support the poor through HRD
and expanding opportunities
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Goals
Poor and vulnerable Cambodians are
increasingly
protected against chronic poverty and
hunger, shocks, destitution and social
exclusion
and benefit from investments in their
human capital
through access to food, income,
employment and complementary social
welfare services.
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Objectives
Vulnerability
profile
Gaps of
existing
programmes
Legal aspect
and direction
Objectives of
NSPS
Ongoing,
expand or
streamline the
coverage
H.E. Dr. Vathana Sann
Mar-09
Key
interventions
New,
piloted,
evaluated and
expanded
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Objectives
Priority areas
Basic needs in
emergency
and crisis
Poverty of
Children &
mothers and
human dev.
Seasonal
unemployment
and food
insecurity
Affordable
health care
SP for special
vulnerable
groups
Objectives of
NSPS
Ongoing,
expand or
streamline the
coverage
H.E. Dr. Vathana Sann
Mar-09
Key
interventions
New,
piloted,
evaluated and
expanded
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Objectives: vs. vulnerable groups
Food & Sanitation Quality
nutrition water &
Health
shelter
care
Education Income &
& child livelihood
labour
Social
care
Emergency
Mother &
child
Working age
All poor
Special vuln.
group
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Coordination and Implementation
Targeting
mechanism
medium-term
costing
Priority action
operation
H.E. Dr. Vathana Sann
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Coordination
mechanism
Resultedbased M&E
First steps
IKM,
dissemination
Institutional
capacities
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Lessons Learnt, Future Challenges
 The huge experience of Cambodia in providing social protection
intervention
 The process of developing NSPS has to use the challenges of
separated policy frameworks
 NSPS is the outcomes of collaboration process between the RGC
and DP where the initiative is coming from the government
 Coordination and the role of CARD as a focal point of dialogue
among stakeholders
 NSPS is built with 3 focus: the existing legal aspects, current
vulnerability gaps and social protection programmes
 The development of NSPS implies ensuring that the relevant
components (non-contributory and contributory) are in parallel
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Lessons Learnt, Future Challenges
 The broader objectives and range of instruments is focused as a
response to vulnerability, not just to poverty
 NSPS adds value by providing a framework to support ministries
and sub-national institutions in delivering interventions
 The transparent and participatory process during the preparation
of NSPS: explore priorities and options
 Integrate a set of objectives having different timeframes into a
single NSPS
 Effective coordination and streamlining of existing and new
programs of the NSPS will be a challenge
 Development of institutional capacities at all levels will be a
prerequisite for successful implementation of the NSPS
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Thanks for your attention
FMI: [email protected]
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Objectives
Basic needs in
emergency
and crisis
Poverty of
Children &
mothers and
human dev.
Seasonal
unemployment
and food
insecurity
Affordable
health care
SP for special
vulnerable
groups
Objective 1
The poor and vulnerable receive support to
meet their basic needs in times of
emergency and crisis
Targeted food distribution,
Distribution of farming inputs
Other emergency support
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Objectives
Basic needs in
emergency
and crisis
Poverty of
Children &
mothers and
human dev.
Seasonal
unemployment
and food
insecurity
Affordable
health care
SP for special
vulnerable
groups
Objective 2
P&V C&M benefit from SSN to alleviate
poverty and enhance the HD by improving
nutrition, C&M health, promoting education
and eliminating WFCL
Cash and in-kind transfers towards one
integrated program
Outreach services and second chance
programs
Social welfare services,
School feeding, take-home rations etc.
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Objectives
Basic needs in
emergency
and crisis
Poverty of
Children &
mothers and
human dev.
Seasonal
unemployment
and food
insecurity
Affordable
health care
SP for special
vulnerable
groups
Objective 3
The working age P&V benefit from work
opportunities to secure income and
livelihoods, while contributing to the
creation of sustainable physical and social
infrastructure assets.
Labor intensive
Public Works Programs (FFW, CFW)
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Objectives
Basic needs in
emergency
and crisis
Poverty of
Children &
mothers and
human dev.
Seasonal
unemployment
and food
insecurity
Affordable
health care
SP for special
vulnerable
groups
Objective 4
The poor and vulnerable have effective
access to affordable quality health care and
financial protection in case of illness.
Health Equity Funds (for the poor)
Community Based Health Insurance (for the
near poor)
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Objectives
Basic needs in
emergency
and crisis
Poverty of
Children &
mothers and
human dev.
Seasonal
unemployment
and food
insecurity
Affordable
health care
SP for special
vulnerable
groups
Objective 5
SVG, including orphans, the elderly, single women with children, people
living with disabilities, people living with HIV and TB etc. receive income,
in kind and psycho-social support and adequate social care
Social welfare services for special
vulnerable groups
Social transfer and social pensions for
the elderly and people with disabilities
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Institutional arrangement
 Coordination
 To coordinate the development and implementation of
the NSPS-PV
 Implementation
 To implement the programs with strong focus on the
capacity of sub-national level in delivering the services
 Monitoring and Evaluation
 To insure effective, costefficient and transparent
implementation
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Coordination and Implementation
 Implementation of the NSPS is a cross-cutting task, demanding
 effective coordination and
collaboration of ministries
and Government agencies
 active dialogue with
supportive development
partner and civil society
organizations
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Coordination and Implementation
 The NSPS emphasizes the need and outlines first steps:
 for effective structures and mechanisms to ensure inter
ministerial coordination and Government/DP-dialogue
 for a result based M+E system to ensure cost efficient
implementation and adjustments
 for an effective IKM system to disseminate results and support
a more informed dialogue
 to strengthen national and sub-national institutional capacities
for design, implementation and monitoring
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Coordination and Implementation
 The NSPS emphasizes the need and outlines first steps:
 Appropriate targeting mechanisms are crucial for the effective
and cost efficient implementation of the NSPS
 NSPS will identify beneficiaries
by combining area, categorical,
household, and self-targeting
 IDPoor, based on harmonized
procedures and criteria's will be
fully used and further developed
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Coordination and Implementation
 NSPS emphasizes the need and
outlines first steps:
 Costing on the enabling environment
for implementing NSPS
 Costing on medium-term priority
actions of NSPS
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Vision
More Cambodians, especially the poor
and vulnerable,
will benefit from improved social safety
nets and social security,
as an integral part of a sustainable,
affordable and effective national social
protection system.
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Institutional arrangement
Wind is calm but the sky isn‘t clear yet
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