Transcript Slide 1

Grand Challenge # 9:
Create a Nutrient Rich Staple Plant
Accelerating the Green Revolution in Nigeria. Overview of
PASS Projects in Nigeria, Kano, 26-28 September 2011
Development of drought tolerance
germplasm for improved cassava
productivity in marginal agro-ecology
of Nigeria
Okogbenin E, Akinbo O, Egesi C, Ewa F,
Ekaette E, Adebija C
Outline
 Brief Background of NRCRI, Umudike
 Highlights of the main achievements
 Current collaborators
 prospective Collaboration with other
PASS/AGRA projects
 Key Challenges
 Acknowledgement
National Root Crops Research Institute
(NRCRI), Umudike, Nigeria
• One of the 17 Agricultural
Research Institutes in
Nigeria
• It became known as
National Root Crops
Research Institute in 1973
• Research Institutes under
the Agricultural Research
Council of Nigeria (ARCN)
Cassava Map of Nigeria
Target agro-ecology
Experimental site
Highlights of the main achievements
• Evaluation of Latin
American germplasm for
drought tolerance
• Evaluation of NRCRI/IITA
germplasm for drought
tolerance
• Evaluation of protein
germplasm introduction
from Latin America
• Screening of drought
tolerance elite materials
from Latin America
introduced through tissue
culture technology
• Screening of drought
tolerance materials from
Latin America using
botanical seeds
Yield of over 28 ton per ha for 2009/2010
10
0
AR38-8
CR100-15
CR100-8
CR14B 180
CR14B-218
CR15B-3
CR15B-62
CR15B-9
CR20A-2
CR24B-9
CR39-13
CR42-4
CR52A-1
CR60B-10
CW 450-12
CW 450-46
CW 451-80
CW 452-9
CW 482-16
CW 485-15
CW450-46
CW482-3
CW525-1
CW536-11
NR/0004
TMS 419
TMS 92/0326
TMS 95/0289
TMS 98/0505
TMS 98/0510
TMS 98/0581
FRY tonha-1
20
Tolerant
30
25
Susceptible
15
Potential
5
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
AR38-8
CR100-15
CR100-8
CR14B 180
CR14B-218
CR15B-3
CR15B-62
CR15B-9
CR20A-2
CR24B-9
CR39-13
CR42-4
CR52A-1
CR60B-10
CW 450-12
CW 450-46
CW 451-80
CW 452-9
CW 482-16
CW 485-15
CW450-46
CW482-3
CW525-1
CW536-11
NR/0004
TMS 419
TMS 92/0326
TMS 95/0289
TMS 98/0505
TMS 98/0510
TMS 98/0581
Tolerant
DRY (tonha-1)
Susceptible
Potential
Second year yield in pictures
Local as check for yield
Local check for diseases
Simple statistics of characters of agronomic and
diseases from screening of drought materials
Kano, 2011
Minimum
Maximum
Standard
Deviation
Dankata
(Local Check)
FRY(t/ha)
9.69
48.80
7.20
9.88
DRY(t/ha)
3.22
26.07
3.84
3.22
HI (0-1)
0.24
0.59
0.08
0.38
DMC(%)
19.68
37.34
3.81
30.62
CMD (1-5)
0.75
1.75
0.23
3.25
CBB (1-5)
1.00
3.00
0.53
1.00
CGM (1-5)
0.50
1.16
0.19
0.50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Dankata (Local Check)
50
Potential
FRY(ton/ha)
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Dankata (Local Check)
Potential
DRY(ton/ha)
DMC(%)
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Yield results of 2010/2011 (protein field)
Simple statistics of characters of agronomic and
diseases from screening of Protein materials
Abuja, 2011
Min
Max
Aver
Standard Dev
FRY (ton/ha)
8.00
62.50
30.86
13.31
DRY (ton/ha)
2.48
35.65
12.69
6.09
DMC (%)
4.97
45.33
25.23
5.39
RtCol (1-7)
1.00
7.00
3.56
1.21
CMD (1-5)
0.46
3.00
1.25
0.49
CBB (1-5)
1.00
4.00
2.10
1.02
CAD (1-5)
0.21
3.00
1.03
0.28
Frequency distribution of the mean protein
content from the screened Protein materials in
Abuja, 2011
20
No of Genotypes
15
10
5
0
0
2
4
6
8
Protein (%)
10
12
14
16
• yield results of 2010/2011 (seedlings)
Simple statistics of characters of agronomic and
diseases from seedling stage of drought
materials from Latin America
Min
Plt Type (1-5) 2.00
CMD (1-5)
1.00
CBB (1-5)
2.00
CAD (1-5)
1.00
DMC (%)
19.53
HI (0-1)
0.13
FRY (ton/ha) 4.00
DRY (ton/ha) 1.08
Starch (%)
1.70
Max
Average
Standard
Dev
5.00
5.00
4.00
4.00
47.05
0.92
66.00
19.07
38.35
3.24
2.24
2.60
2.09
31.91
0.54
21.50
6.84
18.19
0.84
1.08
0.63
0.62
5.94
0.19
15.24
4.75
7.91
Selection Index
• Based on Fresh root yield, Dry root yield,
Dry matter content, Vigor, Architecture,
Harvest Index, Cassava mosaic disease,
Cassava bacterial blight, cassava
anthracnose disease
• SI = +(FRY*10)+(DRY*10)+(DMC*8)+(HI*8)-(Arch*7)(vig*7)-(CMD*8)-(CBB*7)-(CAD*4)
15
10
CW525-1
sp plot
AR9-5
TMS91/02324
CW450-75
CW451-80
TMS98/0581
CR14B-180
NR87/184
TME419
TMS30572
TMS95/0289
CR14B-218
CR20A-2
CW450-106
TMS92/0067
AR14-4
AR9-45
CW451-13
TMS98/0510
CW450-46
CW450-36
CR15B-9
CR52A-1
AR9-19
CR100-15
CR15B-7
CW482-16
CW482-3
TMS97/0057
Dakata
50
45
40
35
30
Local check
• selection index for 2009 – 2011 for Latin America
germplasm
FRY(ton/ha)
25
20
Potentials
5
0
Recommendation for Nationally Coordinated Research Project (NCRP)
2012
• AR 9-5
• CW 525-1
• Establishment of the
selected germplasm
with the local (Dankata
and Danwaru as a
check)
• Establishment picture of
the current field in Kano
• Establishment of the
drought tolerant
germplasm in Kano
• Establishment of
the protein/beta
carotene/clonal
drought trials in
Kano
• Establishment
of the
protein/beta
carotene/ trials
in Abuja
Breeding approach
♀
(Female parent)
♂
(Male parent)
Segregating population from the hybridization
Seedling nursery for mapping
population
• crosses for drought complementary traits
Weather station under construction for accurate data
collection onsite
Irrigation facilities under construction for field water
supply during field establishment onsite
Nominated genotypes for release
in 2011
• CR 36 – 5
• NR 03/0155
• NR 03/0211
Oron, Akwa Ibom State
Monitoring of Cassava On-farm Trials for release
Odukpani, Cross River State
Monitoring of Cassava On-farm Trials for release
Oron, Akwa Ibom State
Enugu, Enugu State
Monitoring of Cassava On-farm Trials for release
Current & prospective Collaboration with other
PASS/AGRA projects
• Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Natural
Resources on green revolution programme
• Federal Ministry of commerce and Industries
• New market driven objective motivated by
government policy
• Value chain that allow development from production
through processing to cassava based products
• Opening of market outlet to final end-users
Key challenges
•
•
•
•
Facilities for screening in dry ecologies
On farm trials is capital intensive
Multiplication of stem cuttings takes time
Distribution of stem cuttings is expensive
(bulkiness)
• Networking/meetings/discussing with farmers is
cost consuming
• ADP workers are not fully functional
Acknowledgements
 AGRA
 GCP
NRCRI, Umudike
 IAR, Zaria
Thank you for listening