Transcript Slide 1

1. Which is NOT a function of the skeletal
system?
A. support
B. lining
C. protection
D. storage
B.
3. The shaft part of a long bone is known as
the
A. epiphysis
B. diaphysis
C. medullary cavity
D. periosteum
E. endosteum
B.
4. Where is yellow marrow found,
specifically?
A. epiphysis
B. diaphysis
C.
C. medullary cavity
D. periosteum
E. endosteum
5. What is the DWF capsule that covers
most of the long bone known as?
A. epiphysis
B. diaphysis
C. medullary cavity
D.
D. periosteum
E. endosteum
Appendicular Skeleton
The appendicular skeleton consists of the girdles and
the skeleton of the limbs. The upper (anterior)
limbs are attached to the pectoral (shoulder) girdle
and the lower (posterior) limbs are attached to the
pelvic (hip) girdle.
Shoulder Girdle
 The Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdle.
 The Pectoral girdle consists of two shoulder
blades (scapulae) and two collar bones
(clavicles). These bones articulate with one
another, allowing some degree of movement.
I. Appendicular Skeleton- Upper
Extremities
A. Pectoral region- AKA shoulder
girdle; clavicle & scapula
The Upper Limbs
The skeleton of the upper limbs or arm may be divided into
five main regions: an upper arm bone, the forearm (radius
and ulna), the wrist, the palm of the hand and the fingers.
 The Upper Arm (Humerus)
 The upper arm is a single long bone. The upper end
consists of a hemi-spherical ball which fits into the
socket of the shoulder blade to form the shoulder
joint. The lower end of the humerus forms a shallow
ball and socket joint with the radius and a hinge joint
with the ulna in the elbow.
B. Upper arm- AKA humerus; long bone with 2
epiphyses & 1 diaphysis
C. Lower arm- AKA forearm; radius (thumb) and
ulna (pinky)
 The Wrist
 The wrist consists of eight carpal bones. These are
small, short bones that are arranged in two rows of four.
They have articulating facets which allow them to slide
over one another.
 The Palm of the Hand
 The palm is supported by five long metacarpals. The
metacarpals articulate with carpals at one end and with
the phalanges at the other end.
 The Fingers
 The fingers are made up of fourteen phalanges. There
are three phalanges in each finger but only two in the
thumb.
D.Wrist- AKA carpel bones (8/ Hand)
For right hand, dorsal view:
Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate
Hamate
Scaphoid Lunate Triquetrum Pisiform
Hand- 5 Metacarpals/ Hand; thumb joins with
trapezium for freely movable joint
 Phalanges (14/Hand)



Proximal phalanx
Middle phalanx – not on thumb
Distal phalanx
Appendicular Skelton: Lower
Extremities
Pelvic region- AKA
pelvic girdle or
hip; joins with
sacrum & coccyx;
made up of 2 coxal
bones 
3 fused bones:
ilium (upper),
ischium (lower),
pubis (medial)
Upper leg- AKA femur or thigh
 longest and heaviest
bone in body
 Patella- AKA kneecap;
joins with femur and tibia
Lower leg- tibia (big toe) & fibula (pinky
toe) Ankle- AKA tarsal bones (7/Foot)
Ankle- AKA tarsal bones (7/Foot)
E. Foot- 5 Metatarsals/Foot; limited mov’t of toes;
need to support weight
F. Phalanges (14/Foot)
Proximal phalanx
Middle phalanx – not present on big toe
Distal phalanx