Transcript OhioLINK It’s a Journey, not a Destination

Welcome to Walking the Walk
December 8, 2003 You are here:
OhioLINK Cooperative
Collection Development
Walking the Walk
December 8,2003
How Libraries Can Succeed
Despite the Odds
• Libraries Must Succeed Despite the Odds
• Libraries Will Surely Hang Separately…But
Not Necessarily Together
• Watch Out - The Light at the End of the
Acquisitions Tunnel is a Train
• Losing Ground Inch by Inch is Still Losing
“Before I refuse to take your questions, I
have an opening statement.” Ronald Reagan
“The future ain’t what it used to be.”
Yogi Berra
Let’s Look at the Odds?
Or
Council of
American
StateWhy OhioLINK and
Council on
Governments
Education
Why the Need to do More?
“A billion here, a billion there, and pretty soon
you’re talking about real money.” Everett Dirkson
• Library funding as a % of Higher Ed
spending has decreased.
• Library funding compared to the growth
in research funding and output has not
kept pace.
• Library funding compared to material
price increases has not kept pace.
• Library patron needs and expectations
are more immediate and increasing.
“No one would remember the Good Samaritan
if he'd only had good intentions. He had money
as well.” Margaret Thatcher
The Directors’ Refrains
• “Please increase my budget so I can
buy less information”
• “Please increase my budget so I can
buy a smaller share of the published
information and research”
SERIALS INCREASE
• 1985/86
103,700 SERIALS TITLES
• 1999
161,000 SERIALS TITLES
• INCREASE 55%
SOURCE: ULRICH’S INTERNATIONAL PERIODICALS DIRECTORY
SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION
UNDER SIEGE
Since 1986. . .
+ 50% Number of serials published worldwide
- 6.5% North American research library serial
collections
+ 50% Book production world-wide
- 26% North American research library acquisition
of monographs
Growth in Serial Costs and Expenditures in ARL
Libraries - Indexed to 1986 ARL Statistics 1999-2000
250%
Serial Unit Cost
225%
200%
Serial Expenditures
175%
Serials Purchased
150%
125%
100%
75%
50%
25%
0%
-25%
-50%
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
Growth in Serial Costs and Expenditures in ARL
Libraries - Indexed to 1986 ARL Statistics 1999-2000
250%
Serial Unit Cost
Serial Expenditures
Serials Purchased
Monograph Unit Cost
Monograph Expenditures
Monographs Purchased
225%
200%
175%
150%
125%
100%
75%
50%
25%
0%
-25%
-50%
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
Ohio Statewide Elsevier print subscriptions and
dollars actual and projected in mid-1990's
7500
$7,500
7000
$7,000
6500
$6,500
Dollar increase over 3
years: +42%
6000
$6,000
5500
$5,500
5000
$5,000
ACTUAL PROJECTED
4500
$4,500
4000
$4,000
subscriptions lost over
3 years: -11.6%
3500
$3,500
3000
$3,000
94
95
96
97
98
99
60%
54.2%
50%
Pre-EJC: Percent of Titles Held in Print at Each University for
26 publishers/publishing groups representing over 5600 titles
(e.g. Ingenta = 1 publisher)
40.0%
40%
29.5% 30.3%
30%
24.5% 24.7%
25.8%
22.8%
20.1%
20%
16.3%
10%
9.8%
17.8% 18.4%
11.1%
0%
YSU
UD
CSU
UA
BGSU
UT
KSU
MU
Average
WSU
OU
CWRU
UC
OSU
“It isn't that they can't see the solution. It
is that they can't see the problem.” G. K.
Chesterton
Why Don’t We Do More Faster?
• The Inertia of the individual library as the
economic unit of limited print purchases
• The Inertia of a mentality of use and need
built on the static limitations of print
• The Inertia of a world of forced physical
and economic rationing - Gatekeepers
• The Inertia of the “library in the vise grip”
• The pain is sooo gradual….we’re used to it
“If we want things to stay as they are,
things will have to change.” Giuseppe di
Lampedusa
Compelling reasons to think otherwise
• Information resources are proliferating
• More information access is required to be
relevant/successful
• Information costs are growing faster than
individual library budgets
• It’s priced such that individual libraries cannot
leverage significantly greater access on limited
funds
• Ohio libraries DID NOT, DO NOT and WILL NOT
have all the information resources their
patrons need
“We haven’t got the money, so we’ve got
to think!.” Ernest Rutherford
• And we have thought otherwise
• 1989 planning paper called for the
Ohio program “to be the most
powerful statewide library and
information system in the nation.”
1989 planning
paper vision:
• Better access to and
coordination in purchasing of
our shared collections
• Expanded access to
electronic information
resources
• Improved and advantageous
economies in the purchase
and use of electronic
information resources
• Improved access to
information infrastructure
• The promotion of improved
scholarly communications
“One of the most dangerous forms of
human error is forgetting what one is
trying to achieve.” Paul Nitze
• Economically sustainable,
increased student and faculty
access to and use of library
provided information to support
and improve instruction and
research… as a consortium
“Rules are made for people who aren’t
willing to make up their own.” Chuck Yeager
• NEW RULES
• Use the GROUP to Improve Unit Cost economies
• Adopt a mentality of EXPANDING and EVOLVING
USE which is highly elastic based on ease of
access
• Buy content strategically – account for the impact
of the group and multiple formats of access
• Buy content strategically - allow for EXPANSION
over Rationing. Gateway rather than Gatekeeper
• Buy content strategically - Look past the
immediate vice grip
“One of the most dangerous forms of
human error is forgetting what one is
trying to achieve.” Paul Nitze
• Economically sustainable,
increased student and faculty
access to and use of library
provided information to support
and improve instruction and
research… as a consortium
“Change is not made without inconvenience,
even from worse to better.” Samuel Johnson
•
•
•
•
Every solution has trade-offs – no panacea
Library operations and jobs will change
Library finances will change
Faculty relationships and expectations will
change
• License, terms, and conditions will change
“If we want things to stay as they are,
things will have to change.” Giuseppe di
Lampedusa
OhioLINK’s Service
have already accomplished a
great deal so far…
How do we do more…since there
is more to do ???
Central Catalog Master Records by # of Holdings
9,000,000
8,000,000
7,000,000
Master Records
6,000,000
more than 7
7
5,000,000
6
4,000,000
5
3,000,000
4
2,000,000
3
2
1,000,000
only 1
0
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
Filled Monthly Patron Inter-Library Requests
March, June, September, December 5 weeks
all other months 4 weeks
75,000
70,000
65,000
60,000
55,000
50,000
45,000
40,000
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
Are we buying the right combination of
unique and duplicative titles?
225
200
Growth in Central Cat
Records with
Holdings Jan 1996
=100
>7
175
150
7
4 5
6
1
125
3
2
100
Jan-96
Jan-97
Jan-98
Jan-99
Jan-00
Jan-01
Jan-02
Jan-03
How much “Just in Case” is affordable?
PIRC Requests - 12 months basis
Percent of Requests with Copies having
"Available" Status
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
> 5 copies
5 copies
4 copies
3 copies
2 copies
1 copy
none/hold
10%
0%
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
How do we integrate e-books with books to
achieve maximum access for each dollar spent?
netLibrary e-book Availability and Annual Use
140,000
E-books available for use
120,000
cum titles used
cum titles bought
100,000
annual accesses
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
2000
2001
2002
Nov 2003
How do we afford more
databases?
$4,000,000
$4,002,000
A Sample from the
OhioLINK Collection
$3,500,000
Wilson- set of 5 DB's
$3,000,000
Savings of
$2,865,000
$2,500,000
PAIS
AP Photo Archive
$2,000,000
$1,500,000
$1,137,000
Contemporary
Womens Issues
Business & Industry
$1,000,000
MathSciNet
$500,000
Lexis-Nexis
$0
As Individual
Licensors
OhioLINK as
Group Licensor
Britannica Online
Monthly OhioLINK Searches- ALL including Gateways
3,000,000
2,500,000
2,000,000
1,500,000
1,000,000
500,000
0
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
How do we build a bigger better EJC?
• Money that would be spent anyway
delivers 2x,3x,4x,6x,10x, 1000x
• Costs controlled below market averages
• Costs controlled with expanded rather
than diminished content
8.0%
Est. 8.0%
7.7%
6.1%
2001 vs 2000
Average Annual Journal
Cost Increase for Typical
Academic Research College
Library
4.5%
2002 vs 2001
3.9%
2003 vs 2002
Average Annual Cost Increase
for Journals Licensed
Through OhioLINK
5,500,000
5,000,000
OhioLINK Growth in ANNUAL Articles
Delivered to the Desktop
Thru November 2003
4,500,000
4,000,000
3,500,000
3,000,000
2,500,000
EJC:Scholarly/Research Journals
2,000,000
1,500,000
1,000,000
ProQuest Ebsco
General/Business Journals
500,000
Oct-03
Jul-03
Apr-03
Jan-03
Oct-02
Jul-02
Apr-02
Jan-02
Oct-01
Jul-01
Apr-01
Jan-01
Oct-00
Jul-00
Apr-00
Jan-00
Oct-99
Jul-99
Apr-99
Jan-99
Oct-98
Jul-98
Expanded title use versus print
collections
6,000
EJC ISSNs Used in F2003 by Institution
Out of ~5200 ISSNs loaded
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
U
U
U
T
T
T
T
IC-O IC-O IC-O IC-O IC-O IC-O IC-O IC-O
ISSNs
How do we afford to build cost
effective
digital
collections?
Digital Media Annual Downloads
0
5,000
10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000 50,000
Historic & Archival
Collections
Art and Architecture
LANDSAT 7 Satellite Image
Server
Sanborn Fire Insurance
Maps, 1867-1970
Digital Video Collection
AP Photo Archive
Encyclopedia of Physics
Demonstrations
Social Science Database
Foreign Language
Database
Year ending October 2003
Year ending June 2003
REFERENCE/
RESEARCH
DATABASES
ELECTRONIC JOURNALS
Vendors
journals
EJC
Ebsco
CENTRAL
CATALOG
Vendor videos
DIGITAL MEDIA
CENTER
HOW?
ETDE- Theses
&
Dissertations.
-
ELECTRONIC
BOOKS
“To learn is no easy matter and to apply what
one has learned even harder.” Mao Tse-Tung
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
How?
By being committed to the “New Rules”
Regardless of format:
Improved Unit cost
Expansion over Rationing
Longer term view
By Exploiting what we already know:
Tranformed economics and expanded
usage dynamics overwhelm library
differences = vested self-interest
“One of the most dangerous forms of
human error is forgetting what one is
trying to achieve.” Paul Nitze
• Economically sustainable,
increased student and faculty
access to and use of library
provided information to support
and improve instruction and
research… as a consortium
OhioLINK:
THE
INFORMATION
STRATEGY
“I never think of the future. It comes soon
enough.” Albert Einstein
“Bad business practices, if left uncorrected, will
drive out good business practices.” Ralph Nader
”Why not upset the apple cart? If you
don’t, the apples will rot anyway.” Frank Clark
“Change is not made without
inconvenience, even from worse to
better.” Samuel Johnson