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International Collaboration of CRCs
Interim Report- COMPERA Ljubljana
Patries Boekholt
Erik Arnold
Jon van Til
16 september 2009
This presentation
•
Overview of what we have done so far
•
Main results from literature review, survey and interviews
•
Summary of conclusions
•
Our proposal for six case studies at CRC level
2
Overview of our approach and planning
Preparation & Kick-off
Generic study
Desktop study and
telephone interviews
Questionnaire to CRCs
May
June-August
Interim Report & Meeting 2
September
Case Studies
September/
October
Synthesis,
Final Report & Meeting 3
November/
December
3
Method
•
Survey
• 191 Invitations to CRC managers in the COMPERA programmes.
• Response: n=42; response rate: 22%.
• Response rate low in Slovenia (0%), Germany (8%), and Northern-
Ireland (10%)
• For the other countries, generally a good response rate
•
Interviews
• Interviews with programme managers
• We were not able to contact all managers.
4
Attention to different levels of actors
Country A
Country X, Y, Z
National & Regional
Funding Agencies
National & Regional
Funding Agencies
CRC programmes
Competence Research
Centres
Public sector
participants
Private sector
participants
CRC programmes
Competence Research
Centres
Public sector
participants
Private sector
participants
5
Trends in internationalisation of S&T policy
•
•
Spurred by discussions of the Lisbon agenda and particularly ERA
EU Commission is pleading for better coordination in S&T policy:
• Debate on Joint Programming
• Debate on ‘Opening-Up’ of national programmes
• Via ERA-type measures such as ERA-NETs, but also Joint
Technology Initiatives
• Political support more clear for basic research and ‘societal
challenges’ than for industrially oriented research and public-private
CRC type centres
•
It is not a European development alone
• Non-European CRC programmes starting to include foreign partners
• BRICS are active in setting up more S&T collaborations
6
External drivers for increased policy attention
•
The emergence of the BRIC countries and particularly China as a country with a
large research and technological development capacity that is becoming
recognised for meeting high international quality standards
•
The increased political debate and urgency of global challenges such as climate
change, health issues and sustainable energy resources
•
The globalisation of R&D, which is not a new phenomenon, but it is becoming
more visible particularly in industrial research and also in the world wide
mobility of researchers
•
Particularly in Europe, general demographic developments and the decreasing
share of graduates in science and engineering have made the shortage of research
talent very urgent; STI collaboration can be used to attract talent from partner
countries
•
The ERA type debates in Europe
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Internationalisation of CRC programmes
Internationalisation in COMPERA countries
•
•
•
•
In all but one case (Germany) no explicit and codified S&T
internationalisation strategy
Austria, Estonia and Sweden allow foreign participants (including
funding), Flanders through subcontracting only, Germany allows
membership without funding, for others it is not allowed
Still political resistance against funding flows going abroad
Internationalisation a secondary role, partly because many
programmes are very young
9
Barriers at programme level
• Absence of policy (and political) incentives to co-operate
internationally
• Lack of funding
• Fear of losing competitiveness advantage
• Different national framework conditions (incl. IPR)
• Practical issues
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However, CRC-managers feel supported….
Our national (or regional ) CRC funding organisation is very supportive of
international co -operation o f our CRC
45%
4 0%
35%
3 0%
25%
2 0%
15%
1 0%
5%
0%
T ot a l l y a g r ee
A g r ee
Neu t r a l
Disa g r ee
T ot a l l y disa g r ee
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International collaboration at CRC-level
Modes of collaboration
80%
70%
60%
69%
59%
50%
40%
41 %
41 %
38%
31 %
30%
31 %
28%
20%
10%
0%
Cross-border
Mobil i ty of
Open i n g u p of a Bi l atera l coA l l owi n g fu l l
N etworks of Joi n t activ i ti es i n Th e brokerag e
research
forei gn actors speci fi c research opera tion wi th pa rti ci pati on of
CR Cs: coth i rd cou n tri esan d partn eri n g of
program m es
(resea rch ers) program m e to forei gn CR Cs forei gn actors i n
opera tion
(N on -EU
i n di v i du al
wi th m u lti between CR Cs pa rti ci pan ts of
th e CR C
between th e
cou n tri es)
m em bers from
n ati on al i n terests
oth er cou n tri es,
m a n agem en t of
CR Cs i n di fferen t
i .e. a l l owi n g
CR Cs i n va ri ou s
cou n tri es
forei gn
cou n tri es
pa rti ci pan ts in a
n ati on al
program m e
13
Drivers for international collaboration
New market opportunities
Become more attractive as a location for research centres and
multinationals
Opportunities to raise quality of the work undertaken
Become involved in international development projects
New funding sources
Increase critical mass
New and additional sources of thematic knowledge
Access to / training of qualified human capital
New sources of knowledge on how to manage a competence
centre
0%
Very important
Important
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Unimportant
Very unimportant
14
Desired collaboration partners
With foreign research
institutes
With foreign companies
With foreign CRCs
0%
10%
20%
30%
Very important
40%
Important
50%
60%
Unimportant
70%
80%
Very unimportant
90%
100%
n/a
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For who is collaboration important?
Academic research groups
SMEs
Large companies
Private research institutes
Public research institutes
NGOs
0%
10%
20%
30%
Very important
40%
Important
50%
60%
Unimportant
70%
80%
Very unimportant
90%
100%
N/A
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Planned cooperation modes in next 5 years
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
82%
69%
64%
46%
Cross-border
research
programmes
with multinational
interests
46%
Mobility of
Bilateral coFull
Joint activities
foreign actors operation with participation of
in third
(researchers) foreign CRCs foreign actors countries (nonbetween CRCs
in the CRC
EU countries)
44%
Networks of
CRCs: cooperation
between the
management
of CRCs in
various
countries
36%
31%
Opening up of International
a specific
brokerage
research
services
programme to
participants of
other countries
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Selection criteria for partners
7
6
5.81
4.78
5
4.69
4.69
4.25
4
2.76
3
2
1 .45
1
0
Sector /
tech n ol og i ca l
th em es
Key u n i v ersi ti es /Key com pa n i es i n Ex cel l en ce of
P oten ti a l m a r ket Geog ra ph i ca l Oth er deter m i n a n ts
r esea rch i n sti tu tes
th e CR C
sci en ce i n th e oppor tu n i ti es i n th e pr ox i m i ty
i n th e CR C
ta r g eted cou n tr i esta r g eted cou n tr i es
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Geographical direction of collaboration
90%
85%
77%
80%
70%
60%
49%
50%
40%
33%
30%
20%
15%
13%
10%
10%
5%
0%
EU-wide
N ei gh bou ri ng
cou ntri es
N on-EU: US
N on-EU: Asi a
N on-EU: Sou th A meri ca
N on-EU:
cou ntri es in
former USSR
N on-EU:
N on-EU: Afri ca
Mediterra nea n
cou ntri es (i ncl .
N orth A frica,
Middl e Ea st)
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Barriers to international cooperation for CRC-managers
Constraints in budget and/or time
Difficulties finding required partners
IPR Regulations
National programme regulations do
not allow international co-operation
Distance /time zone barriers
Private sector members are not
willing to co-operate
Academia are not willing to cooperate
Language barriers
0%
10%
20%
30%
Large barrier
40%
Barrier
50%
60%
Small barrier
70%
80%
90%
100%
Not at all a barrier
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Main conclusions
•
•
•
•
•
•
International collaboration not yet common across CRC
(programmes)
At programme level: lack of political support main barrier
At CRC level: funding/time, finding partners, IPR
Mostly using international research programmes as mode to
overcome the funding barrier
Foreign research institutions most popular as partner
CRC-CRC cooperation not very high on the agenda
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We used a set of criteria for the selection of case studies:
•
The number of international co-operations;
•
The visibility of the co-operations to the programme managers;
•
Good geographical spread;
•
Mix of virtual and physical CRCs;
•
Mix of regional and national CRCs;
•
Mix of different instruments
•
Mix of EU co-operations and co-operations with third countries (i.e.
extra-EU co-operation)
•
The extent to which CRCs are internationalised.
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Suggested case studies
•
•
•
•
•
•
K2 Mobility Centre in Austria (Automotive)
VIB in Flanders (Life Sciences)
ELIKO in Estonia (ICT)
AIDICO in Valencia (Construction)
Sweden GigaHerz Centre
BalticNet Plasmatec in Germanny (Plasma Technology)
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Thank you
Technopolis Group has offices in Amsterdam, Ankara, Brighton,
Brussels, Paris, Stockholm, Tallinn and Vienna.
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