Transcript ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004

An Inside Look at ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA
Standard 90.1-2007
Energy Standard for Buildings Except
Low-Rise Residential Buildings
Mick Schwedler, PE
Manager
Trane Applications
Engineering
Chair, SSPC 90.1
© 2008 Trane
© 2008 Trane
Help you gain a
working knowledge of
ASHRAE Standard 90.1
© 2008 Trane
ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007
Topics for Today’s
Discussion

Brief history

Implementation
 Codes
 U.S.
military requirements
 LEED®

green building rating program
Contents
 Title,
purpose, scope
 Aspects
© 2008 Trane
of building addressed by provisions
ASHRAE Standard 90.12007
Brief history
• Milestones
• Plan for reprints
• Scope of 2007
revision
© 2008 Trane
© 2008 Trane
Historical Timeline
90.1-1999
major rewrite
90.1-1980
updated
1970
1980
1990
90.1-2001
minor
revisions
2000
90.1-1989
updated
90.1-1975
first issued
© 2008 Trane
2010
90.1-2007
Updates
90.1-2004
updates,
reorganization
ASHRAE Standard 90.1
2007 Changes from 2004

Incorporates 42 addenda published since
90.1-2004 was released
© 2008 Trane
ASHRAE Standard 90.12007
Implementation
•
•
•
•
© 2008 Trane
Model codes
U.S. government
Outside U.S.
LEED® program
© 2008 Trane
ASHRAE Standard 90.1 and
Model Codes
ASHRAE Standard 90.1 is adopted by:
 American
National Standards Institute
(90.1-2007)
 National
Fire Protection Association
 International
Code Council
(International Energy Conservation Code)
© 2008 Trane
ASHRAE Standard 90.1 and
Energy Codes
International Energy Conservation Code
(IECC)


IECC–Chapter 8 adopts 90.1-2007 by
reference
IECC–Chapter 7 describes an alternate
path for compliance
 Includes
 ASHRAE
many provisions of 90.1-2007
is proposing code changes to
increase stringency
© 2008 Trane
ASHRAE Standard 90.1 adoption by
U.S. Department of
Defense
“2-1 MANDATORY ENERGY AND WATER
CONSERVATION CRITERIA. Family housing
(residential) shall be designed and constructed in
accordance with the latest Energy Star
standards, per other appropriate service-specific
criteria and guidance. Other facilities shall be
designed and constructed in accordance with the
latest edition of ASHRAE Standard 90.1.”
—Excerpt from Unified Facilities Criteria
http://www.hnd.usace.army.mil/techinfo/ufc/
081602_UFC3-400-01.pdf
© 2008 Trane
LEED NC 2009 : EAp2
Minimum energy
performance


Option 1: performance compliance path

Mandatory provision (5.4, 6.4, 7.4, 8.4, 9.4, and 10.4)

Baseline building complies with Appendix G Building PRM

10% better than 90.1-2007 for new construction, 5%
better for existing building
Option 2: prescriptive compliance path

ASHRAE AEDG




small office buildings 2004
small retail buildings 2006
small warehouses and self-storage buildings 2008
Option 3: prescriptive compliance path

Advanced Buildings Core Performance Guide
© 2008 Trane
EAC1 – Modeling
Up to 19 points
New Buildings
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
22%
24%
26%
28%
30%
32%
34%
36%
38%
40%
42%
44%
46%
48%
© 2008 Trane
Existing Building Renovations
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
22%
24%
26%
28%
30%
32%
34%
36%
38%
40%
42%
44%
Points
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007
Contents
• Purpose
• Scope
• Aspects of building
addressed by
provisions
© 2005 American Standard All rights reserved
ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007
Purpose
“… Provide minimum
requirements for the energyefficient design of buildings
except low-rise residential
buildings”
© 2008 Trane
ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007
Scope



© 2008 Trane
New buildings and their
systems
New portions of buildings
and their systems
New systems and
equipment in existing
buildings
ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007
Exclusions

Low-rise residential buildings
 ASHRAE
Standard 90.2 covers low-rise
(3 stories or less), one-family, and twofamily residential buildings


Buildings that do not use electricity or
fossil fuel
Equipment and portions of building
systems that use energy to support
industrial, manufacturing, or commercial
processes
© 2008 Trane
ASHRAE Standard 90.1
Sections
 Section 1: Purpose
 Section 2: Scope
 Section 3: Definitions,
Abbreviations, and
Acronyms
 Section 4:
Administration and
Enforcement
 Section 5: Building
Envelope
 Section 6: HVAC
 Section 7: Service
Water Heating
 Section 8: Power
 Section 9: Lighting
 Section 10: Electric
Motors
 Section 11: Energy Cost
Budget (ECB) Method
 Section 12: Normative
References
 Appendices
© 2005 American Standard All rights reserved
ASHRAE Standard 90.1
Section 5:
Building Envelope
© 2005 American Standard All rights reserved
section 5: building envelope
Basis of Requirements

Climate zone

Space conditioning category
 Nonresidential
 Residential
conditioned
conditioned
 Semiheated

Construction class
© 2008 Trane
© 2005 American Standard All rights reserved
appendix B: building envelope
Climate Criteria

Groups climates into 8 zones
1
2
very
hot

3
hot
warm
4
mixed
5
cool
6
cold
Subcategorizes zones
by humidity level
A
moist
© 2008 Trane
B
dry
C
marine
7
very
cold
8
subartic
Look up climate
zones by location …
Miami, San Juan= 1A
Seattle
= 4C
Reykjavik
=7
U.S. Climate
Classifications
(Briggs et al., 2002)
© 2008 Trane
ASHRAE Standard 90.1
Compliance Paths:
Envelope
Prescriptive
Building Envelope
Option (§5.5)
general &
mandatory
provisions
Building Envelope
Trade-Off Option
(§5.6, performance)
Energy Cost
Budget Method
(ECB, §11)
proposed
building design
© 2008 Trane
90.1-compliant
building
90.1
2007
Envelope Addenda


as: Modifies opaque envelope
requirements
at: Modifies fenestration (glass)
requirements
© 2008 Trane
Change
example
Building Envelope Requirements*
Example of §5.5’s
compliance criteria
for roofs, based on
climate zone and
construction type
*Excerpt from Table 5.5-5, Building Envelope Requirements for
Climate Zone 5 of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007
© 2007 American Standard All rights reserved
section 5: building envelope
Demonstrating
Compliance

In lieu of prescriptive
options….
 Building
Envelope Trade-Off
Option, or
 Energy
method

Cost Budget
Still in conjunction with
mandatory requirements
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Building Envelope
Trade-Off Option—
EnvStd 5.0 software
automates Envelope
Performance Factor
calculations
section 5: building envelope
Summary




Criteria based on space type
One table summarizes envelope
requirements per climate zone
Precalculated U-factors for
common construction types
Computerized “building
envelope trade-off” procedure
© 2008 Trane
© 2007 American Standard All rights reserved
ASHRAE Standard 90.1
Section 6:
HVAC
Section 7:
Service Water
Heating
© 2005 American Standard All rights reserved
ASHRAE Standard 90.1
Compliance Paths: HVAC
mandatory
provisions
(§6.4)
proposed
HVAC design
prescriptive
requirements
(§6.5)
Energy
Simplified
Cost
Budget
Approach
Method
Option
(ECB, §11)
(§6.3)
Simplified
Approach
Option (§6.3)
(small buildings only)
© 2008 Trane
90.1-compliant
HVAC system
HVAC compliance with Std 90.1
Simplified Approach

Minimal effort

Equally stringent requirements

Fits on two pages

Limited to …
 Buildings
with 1 or 2 stories
 Buildings
less than 25,000 square feet
 Single-zone
 Air-cooled
© 2008 Trane
systems
or evaporatively cooled
section 6: HVAC
Mandatory Provisions
mandatory
provisions
(§6.4)
proposed
HVAC design
prescriptive
requirements
(§6.5)
Energy
Simplified
Cost
Budget
Approach
Method
Option
(ECB, §11)
(§6.3)
Simplified
Approach
Option (§6.3)
(small buildings only)
© 2008 Trane
90.1-compliant
HVAC system
section 6: HVAC
Mandatory Provisions

Equipment efficiencies

Load calculations

Controls

Construction and insulation

Completion requirements
Drawings, manuals, balancing, and
commissioning
© 2008 Trane
mandatory HVAC provisions
Equipment Efficiencies

Air conditioners and
condensing units

Heat pumps

Chillers

PTACs

Furnaces

Boilers

Heat-rejection equipment
© 2008 Trane
section 6: HVAC
Equipment Efficiencies
raised



90.1
2007
Change
an: Boiler efficiencies
18 trillion Btu of gas or oil annually as stock
turns
F: Three-phase air-cooled AC and heat pumps
2.3 quads by 2035
g: Air-cooled AC and heat pumps
1.05 quads by 2035
© 2008 Trane
examples of
Equipment Efficiencies
Equipment type
Minimum efficiency
Self-contained, water-cooled
w/electric resistance heat
(20–100 tons)
11.0 EER
10.3 IPLV
Water-source heat pump
(1.5–5.25 tons)
12.0 EER (cooling)
4.2 COP (heating)
Centrifugal chiller,
water-cooled ( 300 tons)
6.10 COP
0.576 kW/ton
6.40 IPLV
0.549 IPLV
(at ARI rating conditions)
§6.4.1.1: “… Where multiple rating conditions
or performance requirements are provided, the
equipment shall satisfy all stated requirements …”
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mandatory HVAC provisions
Load Calculations


Must calculate heating and
cooling system design loads
Must base calculations on
generally accepted engineering
standards and handbooks
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© 2005 American Standard All rights reserved
mandatory HVAC provisions
Zone Thermostatic
Controls


© 2008 Trane
Required for each zone
Perimeter can be treated
differently
≥5º F deadband
Dual setpoint or deadband
(can be software for DDC)
zone thermostatic controls
Perimeter Zones
building plan view: thermal zoning example
Z1
Core and each
long exposure
must be zoned
separately
Z5
Z4
Z2
Z3
60 ft
© 2008 Trane
< 50 ft
Treating these
exposures as a
single zone is
okay
90.1
2007
Off-hour Controls

Change
Exception was deleted for HVAC systems
serving hotel/motel guest rooms
© 2008 Trane
mandatory for systems ≥
15,000 Btu/h
Automatic Shutdown

Automatic 7-day/week time clock
with 10-hour battery backup
 Exception:
2-day/week thermostat for
residential applications



Occupancy sensor
Manually operated timer
(maximum duration: 2 hours)
Security system interlock
© 2008 Trane
mandatory HVAC provisions
Other Off-Hour Controls


Provide optimum start if system supplyair capacity > 10,000 cfm
Zone isolation:
 25,000
ft² maximum zone size on one floor
 Isolation
devices to shut off outdoor and
exhaust airflow
 Central
© 2008 Trane
systems capable of stable operation
Zone Isolation
Example
central VAV fan system
roof
supply duct to zones (typical)
return air (typical)
combination fire/smoke damper
motorized damper
“normally-closed”
VAV boxes
VAV boxes with
DDC controls
© 2005 American Standard All rights reserved
90.1
2007
ASHRAE 62.1 Reference

Change
Changed from 62.1-1999 to 62.1-2004
 Ventilation
 Now
rates changed
based on summation of rates per
person and per area
© 2008 Trane
mandatory HVAC provisions
Damper Leakage Rate
Maximum leakage at 1.0 in. wg,
cfm/ft² of damper area
Climate zone
1, 2, 6, 7, 8
All others
Motorized
Non-motorized
4 cfm/ft²
Not allowed
10 cfm/ft²
20 cfm/ft²*
*Dampers < 24 inches in either dimension
may have leakage of 40 cfm/ft²
© 2008 Trane
mandatory HVAC provisions
Ventilation: High
Occupancy
90.1
2007
Change
Demand Control Ventilation (DCV) required
for Spaces > 500 ft2 and design occupancy
(was 3000 cfm and
> 40 people/1000 ft²:
100 people/1000 ft2)
© 2008 Trane
mandatory HVAC provisions
Ventilation: High
Occupancy
If outdoor air > 3,000 cfm and
design occupancy > 100 people/1000 ft²:
Automatically reduce outdoor air intake
below design requirements when spaces
are partially occupied
Exceptions:
 Systems
with exhaust-air energy recovery
complying with Section 6.5.6.1
 Systems
© 2008 Trane
with < 1,200 cfm outdoor air
Complying with the
mandatory HVAC provisions
in ASHRAE Standard 90.12007 requires unit- and
system-level controls
© 2007 American Standard All rights reserved
mandatory HVAC provisions
Construction & Insulation
Insulation must be suited to
environment
 Duct,


Climate zone
Location
 Piping



© 2008 Trane
plenum insulation
insulation
Heating, domestic hot water, or
cooling
Temperature
Pipe size
Duct
Insulation
Example
4
Heating or
Cooling Unit
2
Exhaust
Fan
1
3
5
6
Ventilated
Attic
Insulation
(typical)
7
1
10
12
11
14
8
9
13
Ventilated
Crawlspace
KEY
Figure 6-G from
90.1 User’s Manual
1. Insulation of unit casing
2. Exhaust
3. Supply and return in vented attic
4. Supply on exterior of building
5. Supply and return in shaft
6. Supply in unvented attic
7. Return in indirectly conditioned ceiling space
8. Exterior wall of return plenum
9. Supply outlet in plenum
10. Supply runout in plenum
11. Supply in plenum
12. Supply in conditioned space
13. Supply in vented crawlspace
14. Buried supply
© 2007 American Standard All rights reserved
Construction and
Insulation
Must leak-test ductwork
if design static pressure
> 3 in. wg
© 2008 Trane
mandatory HVAC provisions
Completion Requirements
Documentation within 90
days of system acceptance:
© 2008 Trane

Drawings of actual installation

Submittal data

Operation and maintenance
manuals

Service agency information

Control sequences and
schematics
mandatory HVAC provisions
Completion Requirements
continued
System balancing
 Written
ft²
report conditioned spaces > 5000
 For
airside system fan power > 1 hp and
hydronic pumps >10 hp:
1. Minimize throttling losses
2. Trim impeller or adjust design speed
© 2008 Trane
mandatory HVAC provisions
Completion Requirements
concluded
Commissioning (Appendix E)
 Control
elements calibrated, adjusted, and
in working order
 Designer
must provide detailed instructions
(per Appendix E) for projects > 50,000 ft²
Exceptions:
Warehouses, semi-heated spaces
© 2008 Trane
section 6: HVAC
Mandatory Provisions
Recap


Must be met whether using prescriptive or
performance (ECB method) path
Mandates include:
 Equipment
efficiency
 Controls
 Construction
 Completion
manuals)
 Balancing
© 2008 Trane
and insulation
requirements (drawings,
and commissioning
section 6: HVAC
Prescriptive
Requirements
mandatory
provisions
(§6.4)
proposed
HVAC design
prescriptive
requirements
(§6.5)
Energy
Simplified
Cost
Budget
Approach
Method
Option
(ECB, §11)
(§6.3)
Simplified
Approach
Option (§6.3)
(small buildings only)
© 2008 Trane
90.1-compliant
HVAC system
section 6: HVAC
Prescriptive
Requirements





Economizers
Simultaneous
heating and cooling
Air system design
and control
Hydronic system
design and control
Heat rejection
equipment
© 2008 Trane

Energy recovery

Exhaust hoods

Radiant heating

Hot gas bypass
limitation
prescriptive HVAC requirements
Economizers





Climate and system size determine need
for an economizer
May be either airside or waterside
Numerous (9) exceptions, including an
efficiency tradeoff
Control must be integrated with
mechanical cooling
Operation must not increase heating
energy consumption
© 2008 Trane
climate and system size
determinants
Economizers
Climate zone
Cooling capacity for which
an economizer is required
1a, 1b, 2a, 3a, 4a
Economizer unnecessary
2b, 5a, 6a, 7, 8
≥ 135,000 Btu/h
3b, 3c, 4b, 4c, 5b, 5c, 6b
≥ 65,000 Btu/h
(Puerto Rico, Miami, St. Louis, Charlotte)
(Yuma, Chicago, Edmonton)
(Denver, Lubbock, Vancouver)
© 2008 Trane
prescriptive HVAC requirements
Simultaneous Heating–
Cooling
Zone controls
 No
reheating
 No
recooling
 No
mixing or simultaneously
supplying mechanically (or
economizer) cooled and
mechanically heated air
 Exceptions
airflow
© 2008 Trane
based on zone
simultaneous heating–cooling
Zone-Control Exceptions
Zone airflow does not exceed whichever
is largest:
 ASHRAE
Standard 62’s zone
requirements for outdoor air
 0.4
cfm/ft²
 30%
 300
of supply air
cfm
 ASHRAE
Standard 62’s
multiple-space requirements
© 2008 Trane
simultaneous heating–cooling
Zone-Control Exceptions
concluded



Zones with special
pressurization requirements
Zones with code-required
minimum circulation rates
Site-recovered or site-solar
energy provides ≥ 75% of
reheat energy
© 2008 Trane
prescriptive HVAC requirements
Simultaneous Heating–
Cooling
Hydronic (water loop) heat pump systems
 Deadband
≥ 20°F
(Exception: Optimized loop control)
 Climate


© 2008 Trane
zones 3-8:
Bypass for closed-circuit fluid cooler
Isolate open towers from heat-pump loop
prescriptive HVAC requirements
Simultaneous Heating–
Cooling
Dehumidification
Prevent:
 Reheating
 Mixing
of hot and cold air streams
 Heating
© 2008 Trane
and cooling the same air stream
simultaneous heating–cooling
Dehumidification
Exceptions





Reducing supply airflow to 50%, or
minimum ventilation rate
Systems < 6.67 tons that can unload
at least 50%
Systems smaller than 3.3 tons
Systems with specific humidity
requirements (museums, surgical suites)
75% of reheat/recool energy is siterecovered or site-solar
© 2008 Trane
sidestream chiller arrangement
Waterside Heat Recovery
application
TIP
bypass line
production
(supply)
distribution
(demand)
heat-recovery
chiller
© 2008 Trane
prescriptive HVAC requirements
Air System Design &
Control
90.1
2007
Change
Fan system power limitation:
 Applies
to systems > 5 hp
Option
Constant volume
1) Nameplate hp
hp ≤ CFMs x 0.0011
hp ≤ CFMs x 0.0015
2) System bhp
bhp ≤CFMs x 0.00094 + A
bhp ≤CFMs x 0.0013 + A
© 2008 Trane
Variable volume
Fan Power Limitation
Pressure Drop
Adjustment

A = Σ (PD x CFMdesign / 4131)

PD specified for
 Ducts
 Filters
 Gas-phase
 Heat
recovery devices
 Sound
 Other
© 2008 Trane
air cleaners
attenuation sections
devices
90.1
2007
Change
prescriptive HVAC requirements
Air System Design &
Control
90.1
2007
Change
VAV fan control
 Motors
≥ 10 hp require one of
the following:



(was 15 hp)
Variable-speed drive
Vaneaxial fan with variable-pitch blades
Design wattage ≤ 30% at 50% air volume
 DDC
systems must include setpoint reset
(fan-pressure optimization)
© 2008 Trane
Fan-Pressure
Optimization
communicating BAS
VAV damper
position
duct
pressure
© 2008 Trane
fan-pressure optimization
Control Logic
application
TIP
Increase static pressure setpoint
75%
Damper position
(% open) of
critical VAV box
No action
65%
Reduce static pressure setpoint
© 2008 Trane
prescriptive HVAC requirements
Hydronic System Design &
Control
These provisions apply if pump system
power > 10 hp:
 Must


be variable flow unless …
Pump power ≤ 75 hp
≤ 3 Control valves
 Limit
demand of individual variable-flow
pumps to 30% of design wattage at 50%
flow (e.g., use VSD)


© 2008 Trane
Pump head > 100 ft
Motor > 50 hp
prescriptive HVAC requirements
Hydronic System Design &
Control


Pump isolation
(Series chillers  “1 chiller”)
Chilled and hot water reset
> 300,000 Btu/h unless:
 Improper
 System

© 2008 Trane
operation results
is variable flow
Two-position shutoff valve
for heat pump system
> 10 hp
Chilled water system design:
Primary–secondary
application
TIP
primary
pumps
bypass line (decoupler)
secondary
pumps
© 2007 American Standard All rights reserved
Chilled water system design:
Variable primary flow
application
TIP
variable-flow
pumps
DP
(typical)
bypass line
© 2007 American Standard All rights reserved
prescriptive HVAC requirements
Heat-Rejection Equipment
Fan speed control
 Motors
≥7.5 hp must be able to operate
at 2/3 of full speed or less
 Exceptions:



© 2008 Trane
Condenser fans serving multiple circuits or flooded
condensers
Installations in climate zones 1 and 2
Up to 1/3 of the fans on a multiple-fan application (if
lead fans meet speed control requirement)
chiller–tower optimization
Use of Fan Speeds
application
TIP
1200
chiller plant power, kW
Shaded areas = Optimal setpoint
1000
1550 tons:
65°F WB
800
1160 tons:
59°F WB
600
730 tons:
54°F WB
400
200
0
60
65
70
75
80
condenser water setpoint, °F
© 2008 Trane
85
90
prescriptive HVAC requirements
Airside Energy Recovery

Required if:
 Supply
air capacity ≥ 5,000 cfm
 Minimum
outdoor air ≥ 70%

Recovery system effectiveness ≥ 50%

Exceptions (9)
 Labs,
toxic exhaust, etc.
 Largest
© 2008 Trane
exhaust < 75% outdoor airflow
energy-recovery technologies
Total-Energy Recovery

Total-energy, rotary
heat exchangers,
a.k.a.
 Enthalpy
 Heat
wheels
wheels
 Energy
wheels
 Desiccant

© 2008 Trane
wheels
Membrane, fixed-plate
heat exchangers
prescriptive HVAC requirements
Waterside Energy
Recovery

Must recover condenser heat for service
water heating (SWH) if:
 Facility

operates “24/7” and
 Heat
rejection > 6,000,000 Btu/h and
 SWH
load > 1,000,000 Btu/h
Where required, meet the smaller of:
 Recover
60% of rejected condenser heat or
 Preheat
water to 85°F
© 2008 Trane
waterside energy recovery
Preferential Loading
bypass line
production
(supply)
distribution
(demand)
heat-recovery chiller
in a sidestream piping
arrangement
© 2008 Trane
application
TIP
section 7:
Service Water Heating


Mandatory provisions:

Equipment efficiency

Piping insulation

SWH system controls (temperature, pump operation)

Pool heaters and covers
Prescriptive requirements:

Space and water heating

Service water heating
© 2008 Trane
ASHRAE Standard 90.1
Section 9:
Lighting
© 2008 Trane
© 2008 Trane
section 9: lighting
Scope

Lighting control
 Interior
spaces
 Exterior
building features and
grounds lighting

Lighting power
 Interior
spaces
 Exterior
building features and
grounds lighting
© 2008 Trane
 Building
type and use
mandatory provisions
Interior Lighting Control


At least one control in
each space
Automatic shutoff for
buildings > 5,000 ft²
 Time-of-day
 Occupancy
 Signal
schedule
sensor
from another
system to indicate when
space is unoccupied
© 2008 Trane
interior lighting power allowance
Building Area Method
lighting power
allowance (W) = LPD × area (ft²)
where
LPD = lighting power density (W/ft²)
© 2008 Trane
building area method for interior
Lighting Power Densities
Interior LPD, W/ft²
Space type
90.1-2001
90.1-2007
Hospital
1.6
1.2
Library
1.5
1.3
Manufacturing
2.2
1.3
Museum
1.6
1.1
Office
1.3
1.0
Retail
1.9
1.5
School
1.5
1.2
© 2008 Trane
space-by-space method for interior
Lighting Power Densities
Interior LPD, W/ft²
Space type
90.1-2001
90.1-2007
Office, enclosed
Office, open plan
Conference
Training
Lobby
1.5
1.3
1.5
1.6
1.8
1.1
1.1
1.3
1.4
1.3
Lounge
Dining
Food prep
1.4
1.4
2.2
1.2
0.9
1.2
© 2008 Trane
May trade power
between spaces
space-by-space method
Additional Lighting Power
May increase interior lighting power
allowance for:
 Decorative
luminaires, ≤ 1.0 W/ft² in space
where used
 Luminaires
designed for visual display
terminals, ≤ 0.35 W/ft²
 Retail
accent lighting for specific display,
≤ 1.6 W/ft² or 3.9 W/ft² for fine
merchandise
© 2008 Trane
Lighting Addenda

90.1
2007
Change
ai: retail display lighting. Gives lighting
designers flexibility
© 2008 Trane
mandatory provisions
Exterior Lighting Control
Must have some means
of automatic shutoff during
daylight hours
© 2008 Trane
ASHRAE Standard 90.1
Section 11:
Energy Cost
Budget (ECB)
Method
© 2008 Trane
© 2008 Trane
section 11
Energy Cost Budget
Method
Prescriptive
Building Envelope
Option (§5.5)
general &
mandatory
provisions
Building Envelope
Trade-Off Option
(§5.6, performance)
Energy Cost
Budget Method
(ECB, §11)
proposed
building design
© 2008 Trane
(new buildings only)
90.1-compliant
building
section 11:
Energy Cost Budget
Method


Used for code or standard compliance
Sets maximum annual energy cost
allowable for proposed design
 Design
Energy Cost ≤ Energy Cost Budget
 ECB
represents an equivalent
90.1-compliant building

Must still satisfy mandatory
provisions
© 2008 Trane
Computer simulation
aids tradeoffs between
building functions
section 11: energy cost budget
method
Simulation Requirements


1,400 hours per year
Hourly variations (occupancy, lighting,
thermostat setpoints, etc.)

Thermal mass effects

Ten or more thermal zones

Equipment (part-load performance, capacity and
efficiency correction curves)

Economizers

Budget building design characteristics
© 2008 Trane
performance rating method
Appendix G




Modification of ECB Method (§11)
“Provided … to quantify performance that
substantially exceeds the requirements of
Standard 90.1”
Used for Energy & Atmosphere Credit 1
calculation in LEED-NC version 2.2
Does NOT offer an alternative compliance
path for minimum standard compliance
© 2008 Trane
appendix G: performance rating
method
Simulation Requirements


8,760 hours per year
Hourly variations (occupancy, lighting,
thermostat setpoints, etc.)

Thermal mass effects

Ten or more thermal zones

Equipment (part-load performance, capacity and
efficiency correction curves)

Economizers

Budget building design characteristics
© 2008 Trane
Appendix G Changes
to 90.1-2007



Improved identification of baseline
buildings
Improved identification of baseline
systems
Increased information for energy
modelers
© 2008 Trane
using appendix G for
LEED-NC’s EA Credit 1
Percent improvement:
100 ×
baseline
proposed
bldg performance — bldg performance
baseline
bldg performance
Both models include all end-use loads
(receptacles, process loads, etc.)
© 2008 Trane
EAC1 – Modeling
Up to 19 points
New Buildings
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
22%
24%
26%
28%
30%
32%
34%
36%
38%
40%
42%
44%
46%
48%
© 2008 Trane
Existing Building Renovations
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
22%
24%
26%
28%
30%
32%
34%
36%
38%
40%
42%
44%
Points
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007
Who’s Affected?
© 2008 Trane

Owners

Occupants

Consulting engineers

Architects

System designers

Installers

Operators
Future of 90.1

90.1-2007 published in late 2007

90.1-2010
 Increased
attention to energy reduction
 “A
2010 standard that results in 30% total
energy cost savings improvement compared
to Standard 90.1-2004.”
(90.1-2010 Work Plan)
 Planned
© 2008 Trane
for BOD approval in June 2010
SSPC 90.1
Accomplishments
06/2007 through 11/17/2009

83 Addenda processed

44 finished

17 Awaiting BOD
approval



6 in comment
resolution





15 began public review
11/6/2009
~8 more – web mtgs
90.1-2007 publications
2010 User’s Manual
RFP
Interpretations




25 official (2 pending)
~30 unofficial
EISA guidance and
appeal
Appeals

© 2008 Trane
User’s Manual
Supplement (1Q-2009)
incorporates 20 addenda

2 defended
2 on addendum (z) upheld
ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007
Availability
www.ashrae.org
Members $88
Others $110

Read online

Order from bookstore
(electronic or paper)

Check for addenda
(continuous maintenance)

Download compliance
forms
http://www.realread.com/prst/pa
geview/browse.cgi?book=193186
2664
© 2008 Trane
Members $74
Others
$93
ASHRAE Standard 90.12007
Questions?
© 2008 Trane
© 2008 Trane