Transcript Brown-to-Green

Brown-to-Green
Converting the UPS Fleet to
Electric Drive
Presented To: UPS Fleet Operations
Presented by: Forward Motion
Byrant Dulin, Dean Martucci, Max Dunn, Nayelli Gonzalez, Patrick Stafford
Date: April 19, 2009
UPS Van Fleet
• 80,000 Package Vans
• 98 miles per day
• 32 MPH average
• 7.1 MPG
• Life: 13 years
• Replacement cost: $56,000
Electric Conversion
• Use vans at end-of-life
• Take out and recycle engine and
transmission
• Install motor, controller, batteries,
generator
• Battery range:
25 miles
• Extended range:
600 miles
• 25 MPG average
Conversion Proposal
• Convert 100 vehicles
• Build recharging
station for 100 vehicles
Conversion Costs
• Conversion cost: $53,000
o
Batteries (42 kWh): $22,000
o
Motor package (215 kW): $7,500
o
Generator (55 kW): $7,000
o
Misc: $5,000
o
Installation: $11,500
• Total $5.3M for 100 vehicles
(Source: ElectraDrive)
Operating Savings
[DATA SOURCES - SEE NOTES SLIDE]
• 70% ENERGY SAVINGS
o
$3200/vehicle annual savings
• 45% TOTAL SAVINGS
o
$4700/vehicle annual savings
• LOWER TAXES & ROAD USE FEES
• LESS MOVING PARTS
o
Higher MTBF, Lower MTTR
• REDUCED OIL & FILTER WASTE
o
Begin recycling batteries
Cost per Mile comparison
CLASS
FUEL
MAINTENANCE
TOTAL
UPS Diesel
.186 (@ $2.09/gal)
.23
.416
FORWARD MOTION EV
.055 (@ .11550/kWh)
.17
.227
Operating Comparison
o
Compare Apples to GREEN Apples
RANGE
LOAD
SPEED
UPS Diesel 98 mi. typ. 1600 lb. 35 mph
avg.
FORWARD
MOTION
EVs
25 batt
only. 600
miles w/
gen.
1525 lb
+
50 mph
AC
CONTROL
SAFER
DRIVING
FASTER
ROUTES
Idle during
foot delivery
Optional AC Quicker than diesel Tighter
w/ PV roof
turning
array
radius.
Lighter.
Total Annual Operating Savings
for proposed 100 vehicle
EV fleet:
$470,000
IMPROVED
ACCELERATION
.
Use
Hi-Density
Lanes
Charging Stations
•Cost/Station
o$3,000
•Installation Cost/Station (est)
o$1,125
•Total Cost (100 Truck Station)
o$412,500
Infrastructure
State Strategy
AB 32
AB 118
AB 1007
State & Alternatives
Fuel Plan
Alternative and
Renewable Fuel and
Vehicle Technology
Program
Grants and Incentives
Air Quality Improvement
Program (AQIP)
Diesel Emissions Reduction
Act (DERA)
UPS - Carbon Disclosure Project
Trends suggest that GHG regulation on the transportation industry is
forthcoming. As regulations emerge, UPS will establish industry
leadership and will accelerate its investment in innovation. [One
way] these opportunities will manifest themselves is in carbon/energy
efficient transport.
- UPS 2008 GHG Emissions
Questionnaire,
U.S. Carbon Emissions Regulation
Another major incentive is the
potential for federal emissions
regulation
• Obama Administration
• Environmental Protection
Agency
• Waxman-Markey Bill
(American Clean Energy
Security Act of 2009)
• 3% below 2005 levels in
2012
Cap and Trade Systems
• Existing mandatory and
voluntary market-based
efforts in the U.S. to
reduce greenhouse gas
emissions
Reduce CO2 Liability Over Time
• Electric Vehicles will
help UPS achieve
reduction targets and
position UPS to profit
from the emerging
carbon trading market
2007 Total
CO2
Emissions
7,470,000
metric tonnes
2007 CO2e Savings Per
Per Vehicle Vehicle with
in Van Fleet
EV Fleet
32
metric tonnes
22
metric tonnes
Industry Trends
• DHL wants “5000 new electric trucks a year”
• FedEx adding 75 new Electric trucks 2009
•Have over 170 hybrids already in use
•Supply of New EV Trucks can’t meet current Demand
Sustainability
• Less Dependence on Oil
• Less Fuel-Based Carbon
Emission
• Less Harmful Materials for
Employees to Handle
• More Company Culture
Awareness of Sustainability
• More Value to the Triple
Bottom Line!
Proposal Summary
Up Front Costs & Incentives
• 100 vehicle conversion to EV:
• 100 recharging stations:
• Replacing 100 new diesel buy:
Total Net Difference:
Less Fed & State incentives:
$5,300.0K
$ 412.5K
$(5,600)K
$ 112.5K
(varies by state)
Annual Savings
• Operating Savings:
• Carbon credits:
Bottom Line
$ 470.0K
$
4.4K
Pays off in 1st Qtr
Thank You!
Notes
Notes
Notes on OPERATING COSTS
•UPS DIESEL
oData compiled from “UPS CNG TRUCK FLEET Final Results, DOE, National Renewable Energy Lab, 1996.”
http://pressroom.ups.com/staticfiles/case_studies/19.pdf
oFuel: 1996 UPS data = .107/mile, adjusted for inflation and diesel costs from 1996 to 2009
US Historical National Diesel Average Costs: http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/oog/info/wohdp/diesel.asp
Diesel avg $1.20/gal in ’96; $2.09 in Mar 09
oMaintenance: 1996 UPS data = .167/mile, adjusted for inflation from 1996 to 2009
•EV THEORETICAL
oFuel: To calculate Energy Cost/Mile, use following table from DOE’s Advanced Vehicle website:
http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/avta/light_duty/fsev/fsev_gas_elec2.html
•
•
•
o
Using EE = 2 miles/kWh (Smith EV “Newton Box Body”;
also LA Port Authority EV heavy duty hauler)
And PG&E Mar 2009 baseline electrical usage fee =
.11550/kWh
Energy Cost theoretical value = .055/mile
Maintenance: EV maintenance estimated at 75% of ‘96 UPS Maint. data. Adjusted for EV operations as follows:
Diesel (actual): Axle, Wheel, Drive Shaft - 2%; Frame, Steering,
Suspension -11%; Brakes - 11%; Clutch & Transmission -16%;
Inspections - 19%; Tires - 20%; Cab, Body & Accessories - 36%;
Total Engine/Fuel Related - 45%; HVAC-2%; Lighting- 5%; Total
(w/ overlaps) -167%
EV (est): Axle, Wheel, Drive Shaft-2%; Frame, Steering,
Suspension-11%; Brakes -10%; Clutch & Transmission -0%;
Inspections 19%; Tires-20%; Cab, Body & Accessories -36%;Total
Engine/Fuel Related - 20%; HVAC-2%; Lighting-5%; Total (w/
overlaps) - 125%