Transcript Slide 1

INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION
MIGRATION
FROM ANALOGUE TO
DIGITAL BROADCASTING
IN THE ASIA PACIFIC REGION
Regional Workshop Hanoi: 22 May 2011
Strengthening Digital Broadcasting Experience
Colin J Knowles
Director, Colin Knowles and Associates Pty Ltd
[email protected]
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Topic Overview
• Digital Migration in the Asia Pacific: ITU
Initiatives: Guidelines and Roadmaps
• Findings from ITU Survey of the Region
• Building a Migration Roadmap
• DTV Technology Status and Options
• Implementing DTV: Case Studies from the
Region
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Digital Migration in the Asia Pacific: ITU Initiatives:
Guidelines and Roadmaps
• Background to ITU initiative
• The ITU Guidelines on Migration from Analogue to
Digital Broadcasting
• Application of the Guidelines for the Asia Pacific Region
• Migration of Analogue Archives to Digital
• ITU Survey of Analogue to Digital Television Migration
in the Asia Pacific Region
• Selection of Asia Pacific Countries for a Pilot
Programme to Assist in Building Migration Roadmaps
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Background on Migration
•
•
•
•
Geneva 06 Agreement
Migration Guidelines for Africa
WTDC 10 Decisions and Action Plan for AP
ITU Initiatives in AP Region to Implement
WTDC 10 Decisions
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Geneva 06 (GE06 ) Agreement
Planning Area:
Highlighted above
Frequency Bands: Band III 174-230 MHz
Band IV: 470-58 MHz
Band V: 582-862
GE06 Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting Plans to be implemented by June 2015
(except so developing countries where transition ends June 2020)
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ITU Asia-Pacific Region
• Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific: Bangkok,
Thailand
• Area Office for South East Asia: Jakarta, Indonesia
• The offices serve for 38 Member States and 71 BDT
Sector Members
Low-Income States (9)
LDCs (14)
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Cambodia
Lao, PDR
Maldives
Nepal
Kiribati
Samoa
Solomon Is.
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
Timor Leste
D.P.R. Korea
Fiji
Marshall Islands
Micronesia
Nauru
Tonga
SIDS (12)
PNG
India
Indonesia
Mongolia
Pakistan
Australia
Brunei
China/Hong Kong
Iran
Japan
Sri Lanka
Malaysia
New Zealand
R.O. Korea
Vietnam
Singapore
Philippines
Thailand
Myanmar
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The Rest (10)
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ITU & Digital Broadcasting
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Digital Broadcasting Project
Objectives
To assist the Asia-Pacific countries in making their own roadmap to shift
smoothly from analogue to DTTB and to introduce MTV.
• Funded by ITU and KCC, Republic of Korea
• Main Activities
•
•
•
•
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Survey on broadcasting & transition situation;
Adaptation of Guidelines developed through Roadmap of a project in Africa;
Development of Roadmap for some selected countries in Asia-Pacific;
Workshop to train participants on how to develop Roadmap and share
experiences amongst neighboring countries in Asia-Pacific.
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Expected Results

Policy and regulatory frameworks for digital terrestrial broadcasting, including
mobile television and spectrum re-farming due to the digital dividend

Digital broadcasting master plans for transition from analogue to digital broadcasting,
including mobile TV and IPTV

Appropriate mechanisms for conversion from analogue to digital archives and
mechanisms for sharing of content

Provision of assistance in the field of interactive multimedia services to broadcasters
in the Asia-Pacific region

Enhanced skills of relevant human resources in the area of digital broadcasting
technologies

Comprehensive guidelines on the transition from analogue to digital broadcasting

Facilitating the availability of universal radio receivers at affordable prices.
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Description of Main Activities
 Survey on the current situation of broadcasting
 Collect information through questionnaire
 Analyze the collected information
 Adaptation of the guidelines
 Decide which parts of the guidelines needed to be adapted
 Study guidelines to support the conversion
 Disseminate introductory knowledge on conversion
 Development of master plan for pilot countries
 Identify pilot countries
 Clarify the requirements
 Customize guidelines & develop master plan
 Capacity building on digital broadcasting technologies
 Organize regional workshop/training
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ITU Assistance & Guidelines
• Provide information and recommendations
on broadcasting policy, regulation, technologies,
network planning, customer awareness and
business planning for the smooth transition
to Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting (DTTB)
and introduction of Mobile Television
Broadcasting (MTV).
• Assist in development of a well defined
roadmap for transition.
www.itu.int
Note: The Guidelines have been prepared for Africa, taking into account the provisions of the GE06 Agreement. However they could also
be applied in countries outside the GE06 planning area, but provisions of other applicable regulations, instead of GE06, should be taken
into account in that case.
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Drivers for Migration in the AP
• GE06 does not apply to the Asia Pacific Region but
migration is important!
• Harmonization of Frequency Assignments maximize
value of digital dividend globally
• Supply of Analogue equipment will become a problem
• Additional capacity to deliver programmes at little
additional cost (Enabler)
• Needs of individual countries in AP are diverse
• There is a transition cost! This will determine the
urgency for migration.
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Application of the Guidelines for the
Asia Pacific Region
• Revision of the Guidelines for application in
the AP Region
– Put GE06 into context for Region 3
– Add references to the additional technologies applicable to
Region 3
• Include new material: Guidelines on Archives
Migration
– These have wider application than Region 3
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Migration of Analogue Archives to Digital
• Why Migration is Important
• Migration Options and Strategies
• Integration of Archives into the Digital
Production Workflow
• Planning for Archive Migration
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ITU Survey of Analogue to Digital Television
Migration in the Asia Pacific Region
• Background and Objectives of the Survey
– Similar survey carried out in Africa
– Questionnaire updated for AP to obtain more comprehensive
information about migration needs, capability, and information needs
• Respondents to the Survey
– Survey went to 39 Countries (including Cook Islands)
– Acknowledgements received by ITU 25
– Country 22 Respondents from the AP Region (excluding Hong Kong
SRA, Singapore, and Vietnam)
– China, Cook Islands, New Zealand, Philippines and Thailand did not
require assistance or provided no information to identify any need for
assistance..
– 17 countries are eligible for consideration under selection criteria.
– 5 Pilot countries announced Mid December 2010 (Cambodia,
Mongolia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Tonga)
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Main Findings of AP Survey
Time Period
Number of Countries
Until 2010
DTTB Introduction MTV
End of
Introduction Transition
10
5
0
Until 2015
Until 2020
Beyond 2020
4 (Number of
starts may be
higher)
10 (Speculative
Estimate)
Some very small
countries may be
later than 2020
?
5
?
3
?
10
17 Countries responded to survey – Information on further countries obtained
from other sources: There are 38 ITU Member States – table reflects 24
countries of AP Only
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Summary
• Wide diversity of needs, aspirations, and capability.
• Detailed questionnaire was challenging for many respondents – yet
where information was provided it laid a good foundation for
further consideration of assistance needs and migration complexity
• Two major groupings of complexity emerge:
– Sparse settlement over large areas (eg Island States) and or difficulty
geography- Few neighbouring states and fairly simple planning for DTV but
distribution of signal to transmitters difficult.
– More densely populated states with Complex Planning of multiple high power
services and multiple translators
• In most cases the level of in-country theoretical knowledge of DTV
may be sufficient but there is limited practical implementation
know how and initially insufficient time to build that experience
internally.
• Most need assistance with Policy, Regulation, and Analogue Switch
Off strategy.
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Selection of Asia Pacific Countries for a Pilot
Programme to Assist in Building Migration Roadmaps
• Five countries selected for ITU Assistance under a
pilot programme
• Selection Criteria sought to identify:
– Representative mix of developing countries
– Candidates who might be able to progress with
migration early and so provide lessons for others
– Candidates who had sufficient capability to progress
from roadmap to implementation
– Candidates where there was strong support from
Government for migration
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Selection of Asia Pacific Countries for a Pilot
Programme to Assist in Building Migration Roadmaps
• Five countries selected were:
– Mongolia – Roadmap report to be completed by May 2011
– Cambodia – Roadmap report to be completed by May 2011
– Tonga - Will commence by June-July 2011
– Sri Lanka - Will commence by June-July 2011
– Nepal Will commence by June-July 2011
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DTV Technology
Compression and Transmission
• Compression Technologies
– MPEG-2
– MPEG-4
• Terrestrial Transmission
• Mixed Satellite and Terrestrial
• Cable and IPTV
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DTV Technology
Terrestrial Broadcast Applications
• Technology Options
• Digital Terrestrial TV
– ATSC
– ISDB
– DVB-T/T2
– China DTV
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DTV Technology
Mobile Applications
• Mobile Digital Television
– CMMB
– DMB
– Media Flo
– DVB-H
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DTV Technology
Terrestrial Radio Applications
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DAB & DAB+
DRM
ISDB
DMB
CMMB
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National DTV Standards
• Generic Standards have to be adapted to National
needs – They provide a tool box of options to
select from for local needs
• Particular Attention should be given to
assignment of Logical Channel Numbers, EPG and
structure of Systems Information
• National Channel Frequency Allocations also
need to be specified for Manufacturers
• Look to standards of established countries for
guidance on what should be specified in National
Standards
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Building a Migration Roadmap
•
•
•
•
The ITU Guidelines
Drivers of Migration
Factors that Influence the Approach
Engagement of the Stakeholders (National
Roadmap Team)
• Implementation Phase
• Analogue Switch Off (ASO)
• Delivering the Digital Dividend?
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Building a Migration Roadmap
•
•
•
•
The ITU Guidelines
Drivers of Migration
Factors that Influence the Approach
Engagement of the Stakeholders (National
Roadmap Team)
• Implementation Phase
• Analogue Switch Off (ASO)
• Delivering the Digital Dividend?
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Building a Migration Roadmap
•
•
•
•
The ITU Guidelines
Drivers of Migration
Factors that Influence the Approach
Engagement of the Stakeholders (National
Roadmap Team)
• Implementation Phase
• Analogue Switch Off (ASO)
• Delivering the Digital Dividend?
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Hanoi : Digital Broadcasting 22 May2011
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Building a Migration Roadmap
•
•
•
•
The ITU Guidelines
Drivers of Migration
Factors that Influence the Approach
Engagement of the Stakeholders (National
Roadmap Team)
• Implementation Phase
• Analogue Switch Off (ASO)
• Delivering the Digital Dividend?
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Building a Migration Roadmap
•
•
•
•
The ITU Guidelines
Drivers of Migration
Factors that Influence the Approach
Engagement of the Stakeholders (National
Roadmap Team)
• Implementation Phase
• Analogue Switch Off (ASO)
• Delivering the Digital Dividend?
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Building a Migration Roadmap
•
•
•
•
The ITU Guidelines
Drivers of Migration
Factors that Influence the Approach
Engagement of the Stakeholders (National
Roadmap Team)
• Implementation Phase
• Analogue Switch Off (ASO)
• Delivering the Digital Dividend?
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Building a Migration Roadmap
•
•
•
•
The ITU Guidelines
Drivers of Migration
Factors that Influence the Approach
Engagement of the Stakeholders (National
Roadmap Team)
• Implementation Phase
• Analogue Switch Off (ASO)
• Delivering the Digital Dividend?
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Implementing DTV:
Lessons from the Region
•
Australia
– Early Adopter – Services commenced Jan 2001
•
Equipment Supply and reliability was initially difficult.
– Standards and Roll-out
•
•
•
•
Evaluated ATSC and DVB and opted for DVB-T
Comprehensive assessment to achieve same coverage – digital has different failure characteristics.
HDTV and Multi-channel: Broadcasters have full 7MHz DTV channel and will be required to give up
Analogue Channel.
Large Country, Many high density areas to cover, complex mix of high and low power services, 5-6
networks nationally, Digital had to be integrated with analogue to allow simulcast
– Organization
•
•
•
Planning was joint effort between Government, Regulator and Broadcasters over several years
Policy and Legislation: Supported need for large infrastructure investment
Digital Dividend is one objective (involving restacking of spectrum)
– Completion of ASO 2013
•
More than 4000 transmitters at 1200 sites ranging from 1MW analogue – Low Power Translators
across Australia with complementary Satellite services.
– ASO Organization and Implementation
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•
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Separate dedicated organization within Government
Timetable and Strategy developed with the Industry
Extensive Communication campaign to end users and retailers
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Implementing DTV:
Bhutan
– LDC with small population and exceptionally
difficult terrain
– Trans border satellite concerns
– Still in progress of rolling out analogue
– Extensive Cable TV implementation
– ITU assisted with preliminary roadmap guidance in
2009/10
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Implementing DTV:
Mongolia
• Government decision to migrate by June 2013
• Sparse Population and large area but well
developed analogue strategy
• Objective to achieve at least 10 digital
channels across the country
• ITU assistance with roadmap strategies in
February 2011
• First Stage implementation before end 2011 –
tenders for supply
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Some Lessons from Region
• Most complex issues are policy and regulation
and Analogue Switch Off
• Technology is now stable and affordable
• Lots of experienced supplier assistance available
• Many similarities between AP countries in the
issues and delivery of Digital Services
• Distribution is often a challenge
• Digital Dividend may be a significant objective to
enable rapid development of communications
services.
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Acknowledgement
• ITU and its Partner KCC (Republic of Korea) in
the Roadmap Project
• ABU in collaboration with ITU on the regional
survey and guidelines revision project
• The administrations from the region: in
particular Bhutan and Mongolia for their
participation in the Roadmap projects.
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