Transcript X-VUV Spectroscopy and Imaging: A role for laser plasma

CLPR
Research in Laser Plasmas
Costello/Kennedy/Mosnier/van Kampen
National Centre for Plasma Science & Technology (NCPST)
and School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University
Outline
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The ‘Centre for Laser Plasma Research’ (CLPR)NCPST-Who are we & what do we do ?
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Table Top’ Laser Generated Plasma Basics
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Projects
NCPST/CLPR
Who are we ?
What do we do ?
NCPST/ CLPR - Who are we ?
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NCPST established with Irish Government funding
(Euro 8M) in 1999. Now EU Training Site.
Consortium of new and existing laboratories in
plasma physics, chemistry and engineering
Fundamental and Applied Scientific Goals
CLPR node is divided into 4(6) laboratories
focussed on PLD and photoabsorption
spectroscopy/ imaging (especially in UV - X-ray)
The CLPR node comprises 6 laboratory areas focussed on
pulsed laser matter interactions (spectroscopy/ imaging)
Academic Staff (4): John T. Costello, Eugene T. Kennedy,
Jean-Paul Mosnier and Paul van Kampen
Post Doctoral Fesearchers (5):
Dr. Deirdre Kilbane (PVK/JC)
Dr. Hugo de Luna (JC)
Dr. Jean-Rene Duclere (JPM)
Dr. Pat Yeates (ETK)
Dr. Mark Stapleton (JC)
PhD students (8):
Caroline Banahan (PVK/JC)
Adrian Murphy (JC)
Jonathan Mullen (PVK)
Eoin O’Leary (ETK)
Funded by:
SFI - Frontiers and Investigator
HEA - PRTLI and North-South
IRCSET - Embark & BRGS
Enterprise Ireland - BRGS
EU - Marie Curie and RTD
Kevin Kavanagh (JC)
John Dardis (JC)
Rick O'Hare (JPM)
Rebecca Treacy (PVK)
Visiting PhD student (2): Michael Novotny (JPM) and Philip Orr (JC)
Research Theme
Probing matter with fast and ultrafast UV,
extreme-UV and X-ray pulses
(Imaging/Spectroscopy in the UV - Soft X-Ray)
Figure from lectures notes of David Attwood, U Calif.-Berkeley
NCPST/ CLPR - What do we do ?
DCU
Pico/Nanosecond Laser Plasma Light Sources
VUV, XUV & X-ray Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
VUV Photoabsorpion Imaging
VUV LIPS for Analytical Purposes
Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD)/ICCD Imaging and
Spectroscopy of PLD Plumes
Aarhus/Berkeley Synchrotrons
Photoion and Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Hamburg - FEL
Femtosecond IR+XUV Facility Development
Part I Table Top Laser-Plasma Basics
Plasma & The 4 Phases of Matter
Greek Philosophers
Earth
Water
Wind
Fire
Physicists
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
Plasma: Fluid (gas) of electrons and ions
How do you make a laser plasma ?
Vacuum or
Target
Background Gas
Plasma
Assisted
Chemistry
Laser Pulse1 J/ 10 ns
Lens
Spot Size = 100 mm (typ. Diam.)
Emitted Atoms,
F > 1011 W.cm-2
Ions,
Te = 100 eV (~106 K)
Electrons,
Ne = 1021 cm-3
Clusters,
6
-1
Vexpansion  10 cm.s
IR - X-ray Radiation
Intense Laser Plasma Interaction
S Elizer, “The Interaction of High Power Lasers with Plasmas”,
IOP Series in Plasma Physics (2002)
In summary we know that:
Laser Produced Fireballs areHot:
Dense:
Transient:
Rapid:
Te = 105 - 108 Kelvin
ne= 1021 e/cm3
ps - ms
106 - 107 cm/sec
Dublin to Cork in 3 seconds !!!
Laser - Astrophysical Plasmas - Solar Interior
So now we know that
laser plasmas are
hot & dense !
We can tune temperature,
density etc. so that they
produce spectra to be
compared with spectra
from other laboratory and
astrophysical sources !!
Figure - David Attwood,
U C Berkeley
Laser Plasmas as VUV to X-ray Sources
Since a laser plasma is HOT - (Te= 10 - 1000 eV) and
(say) you consider it to be a black (or grey) body, then
most emission should be at photon energies also in
the 10 - 1000 eV range, i.e., at Vacuum Ultraviolet
(VUV), Extreme-Ultraviolet (EUV) and Soft X-ray
(SXR) wavelengths !!
Figure from lectures notes of David Attwood, U Calif.-Berkeley
Generally Extreme-UV Science &
Technology is Growing Rapidly
Industry:
Lithography
Bio-Medical:
Microscopy
Basic Research: Astronomy
Our Themes
Laser Plasma Light Sources (dev & appls)
Instrumentation and techniques
Imaging and Spectroscopy in the UV, VUV,
EUV and X-ray regions
Physics of
1. 'Colliding Plasma Systems'
2. Structure and dynamics of atoms and ions
DUAL LASER PLASMA (DLP) EXPERIMENTS
UV - Xray
Source
Absorbing
Sample
Dual Laser Plasma (DLP) Photoabsorption
No tuning required
No vapour required
J T Costello et al., Phys.Scr. T34, 77 (1991),
E T Kennedy et al., Opt.Eng 33, 3984 (1994)
Flexible
Neutral/Multiplycharged/
Refractory Elements
Dx, DT, I(W/cm2)
 Species choice
Backlighter
Backlighting Plasma Io
Both Plasmas I = Ioe-snL
Relative Absorption Cross Section
sNL =Ln(Io/I)
Synchrotron - Photoion Results- BW3
Undulator
XUV Radiation
TOF
Li Vapour
Oven
Photoionization as a plasma diagnostic
VUV Photoabsorption Imaging
Sample
VUV
CCD
Io(x,y,t)
I(x,y,t)
s
I  I0e
 n(l )dl
Pass a collimated VUV beam through the plasma sample
and measure the spatial distribution of the absorption.
J Hirsch et al., J.Appl.Phys 88, 4953 (2000), Rev.Sci.Instrum (in press 2003)
ULtrafast Emission and Absorption Photography
Laser
Beam
Wedge
Lens
Target
I-CCD Andor - Belfast
<2 ns shutter time
Colliding Plasmas Generate a Secondary Plasma !
Qu i c k T i m e ™ a n d a
T I F F (U n c o m p re s s e d ) d e c o m p re s s o r
a re n e e d e d to s e e th i s p i c t u re .
Qu i c k T i m e ™ a n d a
T I F F (U n c o m p re s s e d ) d e c o m p re s s o r
a re n e e d e d to s e e th i s p i c t u re .
‘Colliding Stars Model System' 'Colliding Plasmas'
Is that what's happening here ?
NGC 2346
The graceful shape of this nebula is the result of a violent interaction between
two stars. This image was captured by the Wide Field and Planetary Camera
on the Hubble Space Telescope.
Image Credit: NASA, Massimo Stiavelli, STScI ODButterfly Nebula
Some Other Current Projects
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Photoionization of ions with DLP setup in DCU, e.g. Mn2+,
JPB Vol 38, L1 (2005) accessed > 500 times in <50 days!
First two-colour DLP (LP Continuum + Panther OPA)
photoabsorption expts on ions - tests for FEL+OPA ?
Negative ion beams in intense 800 nm fields (QUB/MPI/
DCU) Phys. Rev. Lett 93, Art. No. 223001 (2004)
Photoionization of ions in merged synchrotron-ion beam
experiments (Aarhus - Orsay/DCU/John West)
'Clean'/ UHV laser plasma (dilute) ion source under
development at DCU - possible source for synchrotron/
FEL expts ?
Laser plasma X-ray spectroscopy now available at DCU Experience at 6 - 15 Angstrom (XFEL expt'l tests ?)
Conclusions
Lots happening and projects in:
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UV - X-ray Sources - Lasers, Laser plasmas,
Synchrotron & FEL - JC/ETK
Plasma probing with UV to X-ray radiation spectroscopy & imaging - JC/ETK/PVK
Pulsed Laser Deposition & Diagnostics (with SSL) JPM/EMG/MOH
Lots of Int'l collaborations and opportunities to travel
Come and talk with us if you are interested in lasers,
plasmas, optics and atomic physics