Transcript PowerPoint-esitys - Tekniikan akateemiset TEK

Engineering Education Facing New
Challenges in the Learning Society:
Case Finland
ASEE ”21st Century Engineer”
November, 2 - 3, 2001
Kati Yrjänheikki
Finnish Association of Graduate Engineers TEK
Minna Takala
Helsinki University of Technology and New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Overview of TEK
• Association for Finnish engineers graduated from
universities (Master’s or Ph.D. degree)
• Founded in 1896
• 55 000 members – 70 % of all university-level
engineers in Finland
• Promotes development of technology for the best of
human, nature and society interests
• Promotes labor market value of Finnish engineers
(collective bargaining), develops engineering
education and provides membership services
• 5 offices in Finland – active international cooperation
Nov, 3, 2001 / KY
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Activities of TEK
Labor market policy
General social policy
Nov, 3, 2001 / KY
Educational policy
Technology policy
Membership services
3
System of education has a key role in
the Information Society
• Success increasingly based on knowledge, skills and
ability to learn.
• Factors that have been driving skill needs:
–
–
–
–
–
–
arrival of Information Society
increased global competition
rapid development of new technology
Shift towards service industries
Redesign of work and organizational structures
Striving for sustainable development
• New, more, more demanding and constantly
changing skill needs
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GLOBAL
COMPETITION
ARRIVAL OF
INFORMATION
SOCIETY
SERVICE
INDUSTRIES
basic IT skills
multidisciplinarity
networking
teamwork
foreign
languages
commitment creativity
to quality
global village
attitude
GOOD GENERAL EDUCATION
communication
commitment
to sustainable
development
entrepreneurial handle stress
learn how to attitude
cope with
learn
manage time constant change
self-steering
REDESIGN OF
WORK AND
ORGANIZATION
ability to search, classify
and analyze information
RAPID DEVELOPMENT
OF TECHNOLOGY
LIFELONG LEARNING
SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
Source: Korhonen, K. 1997. Master’s
thesis. Educating Engineers of the 21st
Century – The Challenges of Higher
Engineering Education in Finland”.
good general education
well managed
educational
chain
higher level of average
education
from subject-based to
skill-based curriculum
NEW SKILL REQUIREMENTS
MORE SKILL REQUIREMENTS
MORE DEMANDING SKILL REQUIREMENTS
FAST CHANGING SKILL REQUIREMENTS
close co-operation
between university
and industry
lifelong learning
new learning
technologies
in use
continuous quality
improvement of
education
Source: Korhonen, K. 1997. Master’s
thesis. Educating Engineers of the 21st
Century – The Challenges of Higher
Engineering Education in Finland”.
Requirements for the general level of
education are rising
• Finland: Shift of a hierarchal industry-based
economy to a knowledge-based Information Society
during 1990s.
– Investment in R&D and high-tech export among top
countries in the world
– 70 % of each age group educated at university or
polytechnics
– B.Sc. and M.Sc. student numbers in engineering doubled
during 1990 – 2000
– Number of Ph.D. degrees in engineering increased by 50
% during 1990 – 2000
• Quantity vs. quality? Lack of resources is reality.
• Problem of forecasting labor market demand
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Intensive co-operation between
stakeholders
University
Policymakers
Engineering
Education
Other experts
Industry
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Polytechnics
Alumni
Engineering
students
•Finland ranked number one globally in co-operation between
8
companies and universities
•M.Sc. graduates have on average 20 months working experience
Life-long learning – must for all
professionals
• Not a new subject to be added to the curriculum, but
rather a state of mind
• How to increase skills for continuous learning
– new teaching methods: problem based learning etc.
– interdisciplinarity
– motivation through practical work experience and
combination of work and studies
• Impossible to provide engineering student with all
skills she / he might need, when entering
professional skills
• What are fundamental objectives of engineering
education?
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Increased need for interdisciplinarity
• Results of engineering research utilized broadly also
outside technology
– increased number of non-technology innovations
– new innovations increasingly in between two or more
industrial clusters
• Teamwork and networking key issues
• Multi skilled: specialist and generalist at the same
time?
• ICT supporting interdisciplinary studies
• Improvement of engineer’s judgment and awareness
of professional and ethical responsibility
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”If you know what this business is
going to look five years from now,
I want to know what you have
been smoking…”
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Good engineer in the Learning Society?
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Ability to lead and manage
human resources
Good communication skills
Internationalization skills
Commitment to quality
Ability to teamwork
Ability to deal with uncertainty
And ambiguity
Professional and ethical responsibility
Good knowledge of one’s
major technical
discipline
SOLID BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF THE
NATURAL SCIENCES AND IT
ABILITY AND WILLINGNESS TO LEARN
Source: Korhonen, K. 1997. Master’s
12 of the 21st
thesis. Educating Engineers
Century – The Challenges of Higher
Engineering Education in Finland”.
FuturEng project overview
• Objective is to find out challenges of engineering
education in the new knowledge-intensive economy
and at the same time have an impact on engineering
education future
• All important stakeholders of engineering education
included in the project
• Funding from Finnish companies, Ministry of
education, EU and TEK.
• Implemented during 2000 – 2003
• Six subprojects
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Subprojects of FuturEng
• ”Evolutionary futures research on the Finnish
engineering education up to 2015” (Kati
Yrjänheikki, Project Manager, Dissertation)
• Research on the feedback and follow-up systems in
engineering education (Sanna Allt, Researcher,
Master’s thesis)
• Engineering education in Finland – recent statistics
(will be published in December 2001)
• Research on the learning environment in
engineering education (Johanna Hartikainen,
Researcher, part of Ph.D. studies)
• Women and technology network activities
• Research on the development needs of Ph.D. studies
Nov, 3, 2001 / KY in engineering (published in March 2001)
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Issues to be researched, discussed and
negotiated
• Fundamental changes in education system e.g. cooperation with universities, polytechnics and
industry, network structures, centralization vs.
decentralization
• Fundamental changes in engineering education
philosophy
• EU and global trends in engineering education
• Engineering education contents and structures
(degrees and institutions)
• Stakeholder co-operation
• Educational planning and development and
feedback and evaluation systems
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Thank you!
More information about FuturEng
at www.tek.fi/futureng
[email protected]
[email protected]
Nov, 3, 2001 / KY
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Suomen korkean teknologian tuotteiden tuonti ja vienti
Imports and exports of high technology products in Finland
Source: Tilastokeskus, Statistics Finland
Kokonaispanostus T&K-toimintaan asukasta kohden 1998
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D per capita population in 1998
Source. OECD: Main Science and Technology Indicators
T&K suhteessa BKT:een
R&D as a share of GDP
Korkean teknologian tuotteiden ulkomaankauppa 1999
High-tech export 1999
Suunniteltu matematiikan ja tieteiden oppituntimäärä vuodessa
12 – 14 vuotiaille 1998
Intended mathematics and science instruction hours per year for
students aged between 12 and 14 in 1998
Source: OECD: Education at a Glance
Tekniikan alan osuus kaikista kolmannen aseen tutkinnoista 1998
Share of tertiary level degrees in engineering, manufacturing and
construction in 1998
Source: OECD: Education at a Glance
Number of students that took long course in mathematics and
intakes of engineering education in Finland 1999
Tohtorintutkinnot tieteenaloittain Suomessa vuonna 1999
Doctorate degrees by branch of science in Finland in 1999
Source: Ministry of Education, Finland, KOTA
Tertiary education, annual expenditure per student in equivalent
US dollars in 1997