Transcript intconfgoa

Institutional Management of IP
-CSIR’s Experience
RK Gupta, Head,
Intellectual Property Management Division
Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
India
CSIR
The largest network of publicly funded Research
Labs in the world
23000 highly qualified Scientists, Engineers,
Auxiliary staff
Annual Budget USD 243 million
Interdisciplinary and multi-disciplinary R&D in
the area of Aerospace, Biological Sciences,
Chemicals, Pharmaceuticals, Drugs, Earth
Resources, Food, construction, minerals, metals,
environment, leather, information products etc
CSIR Mission
“To provide scientific industrail R&D that
maximizes the economic, environmental &
societal benefits for the people of India”
Serve the Nation
IP Credentials of CSIR
CSIR Patent filings
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
96/97
97/98
98/99
99-2000
2000/01
2001/02
2002/03
93 3
/9
4
94
/9
95 5
/9
6
96
/9
7
97
/9
98 8
99 /99
/2
20 000
00
20 /01
01
20 /02
02
/0
3
6
/9
2
/9
1
/9
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
92
91
90
US Patents Granted to CSIR
145
69
4
4
7
8
10 11
23
32 37 38
Major PCT Applicants from
Developing Countries(2002)
Rank
Applicant
Country
No
( appl)
1
Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
India
184
Samsung Electronic Co.
Rep of Korea
184
3
Biowindow Gene Development Inc
China
136
4
LG electronics Inc
China
125
5
Huawaei Technologies Co.
China
84
6
Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd.
India
56
7
LG Chem Ltd.
Rep of Korea
47
8
SAE Magnetics (H.K.) Ltd.
China
31
9
The National University of Singapore
Singapore
28
10
Philips Electronics Singapore PTE Ltd.
Singapore
24
% Share of CSIR in the Total US
Patents Granted to Indians
1996-97
-
40 %
2002-03
-
64.3 %
CURRENT PRIORITIES
Licensing of IP/PARTNERSHIPS
Licensing CSIR’s IP Partnerships
M/s Evalueserve, India
M-cam Doors, USA
Baker-Botts, USA
Schweman-Lundberg-Woessmer-Kluth,
USA
Venture East, India
Opportunia, India
Other US & European Firms
Protecting Traditional
Knowledge
TURMERIC
Neem
Basmati
TKDL-TKRC-IPC
Value added TK
DNA Fingerprinting
Fingerprinting of Herbal
Formulations
Plant Patents
Developing Portfolio on Plant varieties
Patenting Herbals
An integrated approach
Traditional Medicine
Modern Medicine
Modern Science
International Patenting of Bioinformatics
Softwares
Network with International patent
attorneys and Experts
Merchant & Gould, USA
BTG, UK
Birch Stewert, USA
CSIRO, Australia
Boehmert & Boehmert, Germany
Shgruee, USA
NIH, USA
Arent, USA
Foley & Landers, USA
CSIR Diamond Jubilee Awards for
School Children
Objective :
To inculcate creativity amongst school
children
14 awards given during 2002
8 awards announced during 2003
WIPO Award for front face Braille Reader
Carbon Nanotubes using plant based oils
IPR
The Challenging Global Scenario
IPR
Challenges in Recent Years
Growth in intensity of patenting
Patenting of live forms/materials in nature
Traaditional/community knowledge, folklore,
genetic resources
Extension of protection into new areas such as
business methods
Geographical extension of minimum standards of
protection through TRIPS/TRIPS PlUS
Sometimes (Data Exclusivity)
Patenting Public Sectorwise Knowledge
US Companies’ Intangible Assets
as a Percentage of Total Assets
1982 - 38%
2000 - 70%
PCT Leaders from India in 2002
CSIR
Ranbaxy
Dr. Reddy’s Labs
Orchid Chemicals
Biocon
Avestha gen
Aurobindo Pharma
Lupin
Sahajanand Biotech
- 184
- 56
- 19
- 16
- 10
- 6
- 5
- 5
- 5
Dilemma of IP for R&D
Organisations
IP
Asymmetric Arrangement Between state & IP
Owners to exclude others from the Use of IP
Creates Monopolies and Stiffles Competition
Maximize Market Share& Profits
Sometimes constrains R&D
Publicly Funded Organizations
Proliferate widely knowledge & Innovation in Society
As non-user maximise benefits to the society
Sale/license IP on Non-exclusive basis
Stimulate further R&D
ELEMENTS OF IP
MANAGEMENT POLICY
AWARENESS, MOTIVATION & PROMOTIOIN
IP MANAGEMENT SKILLS
METRICES FOR PERFORMANCE
ACQUISITION & PROTECTION
AUDIT & VALUATION
VALORISATION
ICENTIVES & REWARDS
BUDGETING & ACCOUNTING
MONITORING & REVIEW
IP IN CSIR: CHRONOLOGY
1942: Formation of CSIR:APPLIED & INDUSTRIAL
R&D-CENTRAL PATENT CELL-INDIAN PATENTSINDIVIDUAL INITIATIVE-SPORADIC LICENSING
OF TECHNOLOG
1970: NEW PATENTS ACT:FLIP TO PHARMA,
FOOD & CHEMICAL SECTORS- PATENT UNITGREATER AWARENESS CREATION –
LABORATORY INITIATIVE- NO 1 POSITION IN
INDIA-LICENSING OF TECHNOLOGY
INCLUDING PATENTS-SPORADIC FOREIGN
FILING:
…. Contd
1995: India joins WTO
1998 India joins Paris Convention/PCT
1999 Patent amendment to provide EMR retrospectively from
1/1/95
2003 2nd amendment in Patents Act
TK not patentable
Term of Patent – 20 years
Deferred Examination
18 months publication
process patents for biotech inventions
Patent Tribunal Set up at Chennai
!st EMR granted
3 rd Amendment discussed
…….. Contd
1999 – 2004
Plant Varieties and Farmers Rights Act Passed
Designs, TM /Copyright Acts updated and at
par with developed world
GI Registry Set up at Chennai
150, 000 designations for India under PCT
Modernization of Indian Patent Office and its branches
Boost to patenting of drugs, pharmaceuticals and biotech inventions
CSIR IP Policy
The precursor for the CSIR initiatives in the IP
domain was the articulation of its Intellectual
Property Management Policy in 1996. The Policy
envisaged “The maximization of the benefits to
CSIR from its intellectual property by stimulating
higher levels of innovation through a judicious
system of rewards, ensuring timely and effective
legal protection for its IP and leveraging and
forging strategies alliances for enhancing the value
of its IP”
CSIR Vision 2001
It was envisaged that in 2001 CSIR
will hold a valuable portfolio of
atleast 1000 Indian patents and 500
foreign patents.
Could we achieve it?
IP Policy
Publicly Funded Research
(Today)


Patent internationally (PCTAs)
Publish in High Citation Index
Journals
STIMULATING INNOVATION
INDIVIDUALS
CAREER ADVANCEMENT
CERTIFICATION FROM CEO
MONETARY INCENTIVES: SHARING OF
MONIES REALISED
Lab
Requirement for performance appraisal
Competitive pressure
CSIR
Target setting publicly
National expectation
Training & skills
Documentation
Patent search & analysis
Techno-legal drafting
IP Management
Patent informatics
Licensing & pricing
IP Management in CSIR
DG
IP
management
structure
in CSIR
CSIR LABS
IPMD
Acquisition & Protection
IP CELL IN EACH LAB
PUBLICATIONS SCRUTINIZED FOR IP
EARLY SPOTTNG OF IP AND ITS CAPTURE
ASSESSMENT & FILLING UP OF GAPS
PATENT SEARCH AND PRELIMINARY DRAFTING
EXAMINING MAINTENANCE
……….. Contd
IPMD
DISCLOSURE AND PATENTABILITY ASSESSMENT,
DRAFTING, FILING, AND PROSECUTION OF
INDIAN AND FOREIGN PATENTS
FOREIGN PROTECTION
WHERE TO PROTECT, ROUTE – ATTORNEYS,
MAINTENANCE, POTENTIAL, EXPENSES,
DURATION
Patent Filing in Different
Countries
Potential commercial opportunities
Product/process life time
Alternative protective mechanisms
Cost of patenting
Defensive/deterrent position with respect to competitors
Feasibility of policing and enforcement
Potential for trading the patent
Publicity/advertisement gains
Force competitors to invest in getting “around the patent”
Valorisation & Exploitation
clustering
filling gaps
bubble patents
Portfolio formation
Audit & valuation
Forging strategic alliance
Licensing/bartering/sale
CSIR
Lab
Agents
Enforcement - action against Infringement
Patent Portfolio Development
Ensures
expansion of patent coverage
(improvement patents/CIPs)
EXTENSION OF TERM
(NEW USE/COMBINATIONS)
CREATION OF BUFFER ZONE
SUROUNDING PATENTS
Generation of Bargaining Chips
Associated Patents
Some Key Portfolios
Bio-enhancers
Herbal Formulations
- anti-diabetic
- anti-oxidant
- Hepatoprotective
- Immunomodulation
- Weight Reduction
Bio-informatics Products
Leather
Optical Fibre
Drugs & Pharmaceuticals
Nanotechnology
Polymers
Standardization of herbal products
COST OF IP PROTECTION
Unique strategy adopted for reducing cost
of IP protection nationally and
internationally
CSIR COST
- one third of international cost of patenting
IP AUDIT
Importance of IP Assets
ALIGNMENT OF IP ASSETS WITH ORGANISATION’S
OBJECTIVES
ASSESS COMPETITORS’S ASSETS
NATURE OF COMPETITORS’ LANDSCAPE
DENSITY NAD PACE
LITIGATION
LOCAL / FOREIGN
LOGISTICS
Human resources
R&D
Financials, manufacturing
MONITORING STRUCTURE
GOVERNMENT – OVERALL CSIR TARGETS
DG, CSIR – LABWISE & CSIR TARGETS
IPMD - LABWISE & CSIR TARGETS
IPMD DIRECTOR/IPMC/DIVISION/UNIT/ENGG/SC
DIRECTOR – DIVISION/UNIT TARGETS
IPMC - DIVISION/UNIT TARGETS /ENGG/SC
Reaching the Current Stage
Quoted in US as organisation with best practices
in IP Management internationally
Model for other publicly funded organisations
Model for industry
Support System for Universities through formal
and informal channels
Role in impacting national IP Policies
Role in formulating Universities’ IP Policies
Enquiries for search, examination and
Management support from abroad
Reaching the Current Stage
How ?
Training of IPMD Scientists
Training of CSIR IP Co-ordinators and scientists by
leading US and European patent attorney firms and
consultants
Experts from Multinationals (Pfizer)
Training of about 5000 scientists in patent search, initial
assessment of disclosure, preparation of provisional
patents and internal evaluation
Training of about 500 scientists in patent examination
Training of about 200 scientists in valorzation, licensing,
arbitration and litigation.
THANKS