Transcript No Slide Title

Clean Cities Overview
Draft Presentation
9/1/06
1
US Energy Consumption
60.00
Petroleum
Natural Gas
50.00
Coal
Quadrillion Btu
Nuclear
40.00
Renewables
Other
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
2003
2004
2010
2015
2020
Source: Annual Energy Outlook 2006, Energy Information Administration.
2025
2030
US Energy by Sector
45.00
40.00
Quadrillion Btu
35.00
30.00
Residential
25.00
Commercial
20.00
Industrial
15.00
Transportation
10.00
5.00
0.00
2003
2004
2010
2015
2020
Source: Annual Energy Outlook 2006, Energy Information Administration.
2025
2030
US Oil Consumption
Million Barrels per Day
25
Actual
Projected
20
15
Domestic
Production
10
5
0
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
2025
YearNational Laboratory Center for Transportation
Source:Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 24, Oak Ridge
Analysis, http://cta.ornl.gov/data and Annual Energy Outlook 2005, Energy Information Administration.
Origins and History
• Created by DOE to address requirements in
Energy Policy Act of 1992
– Technical, financial, and information assistance to
communities with alt fuel deployment plans and to
regulated fleets
Clean Cities Mission
To advance the national, economic and
energy security of the US by supporting
local decisions to use domestically
produced non-petroleum fuels in vehicles
Clean Cities Coalitions
• Public-private
partnerships at
local, regional, or
state level to speed
implementation of
advanced vehicles
and alternative fuels
• 87 active coalitions
Clean Cities Technologies
• Alternative fuels (as defined by EPAct)
– E85, CNG, biodiesel, propane, hydrogen,
electricity
• Alternative fuel blends
– E10, B5, H-CNG
• Energy efficiency
– Hybrids, idle reduction, fuel economy
Fuel Blends
• Low level blends of alternative fuel with
conventional fuel
• E10, B2, B5, H/CNG, for example
Fuel Economy
• Techniques that reduce fuel consumption
– Selecting the right vehicle for the job
– Advanced technology – low rolling
resistance tires, HEVs, proper maintenance,
tire inflation, carpooling
Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV)
• Hybrids use two sources of energy –
electricity (batteries) and conventional or alt
fuel powered ICE
Idle Reduction
• Techniques include on-board APUs,
shorepower, truck stop electrification, trussmounted off-board heating/cooling units
Alternative Fuels
Ethanol
– Alcohol-based fuel produced from starch crops or cellulosic
biomass such as trees and grasses
– High octane, often used to enhance octane properties of
gasoline
– As an alternative fuel, most commonly used in a blend of 85%
ethanol and 15% gasoline (E85).
– Flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs) and are offered by several vehicle
manufacturers. See the ethanol vehicles page for more
information on FFVs.
CNG
–
–
–
–
Widespread distribution infrastructure
Clean burning in natural gas vehicles
Most common in medium- and heavy-duty markets
Stored onboard a vehicle as compressed natural gas (CNG) or
as liquefied natural gas (LNG) Propane:
Alternative Fuels
Biodiesel
– Manufactured from vegetable oils, animal fats, or recycled
restaurant greases
– Biodiesel is safe, biodegradable, and reduces serious air
pollutants such as particulates, carbon monoxide,
hydrocarbons, and air toxics
– Blends of 20% biodiesel with 80% petroleum diesel (B20) can
generally be used in unmodified diesel engines
– Can be used in its pure form (B100), but it may require certain
engine modifications
– Potential issues with operation in cold weather
Propane (LPG)
– Produces fewer vehicle tailpipe emissions than gasoline
– Produced as a by-product of natural gas processing and crude
oil refining
– Widespread infrastructure of pipelines, processing facilities,
and storage
Alternative Fuels
Electricity
– Used to power battery electric vehicles
– Electric vehicle batteries have a limited storage capacity
– Batteries are replenished by plugging the vehicle into an
electrical source, through engine operation on gasoline, or
regenerative braking
Hydrogen
– Emerging fuel for use in fuel cells engines for transportation
– Can be produced from a variety of processes that range from
utilizing coal feedstock to biomass or renewables
– Demonstration projects ongoing in select areas across the US
Clean Cities Unique Assets
• Coordinators
– Local champion and point of contact
– Strong local relationships and understanding of player and issues.
• Coalitions
– Members are committed to the mission
– Build bridges in the local community to mutually address barriers
• Technical Information and Resources
– AFDC recognized nationally and abroad as reliable sources of
unbiased information
– 4.8 million page hits (FY2005)
– Over 76,000 documents being downloaded
• Local Strategy to Advance a National Goal
– Local involvement works effectively in communities
– National leadership adds legitimacy to local activities and assists
with information transfer among coalitions.
Clean Cities Organization
Nat’l Industry
US DOE
EERE
Coalitions
Coordinators
Local Industry
NREL
Technical
Support
Clean Cities Coordinators
Coordinators come from a wide variety of
organizations & backgrounds…leading to
variety in projects and activities
Teaching school
children in UT
Workshops in IN
Highway signs and
dealer outreach in MN
Clean Cities Coordinators
Across all coalitions in 2005:
Received over $70M in project grants
Leveraged over $20M in partner funds
Fuel Type
Current Average
Fuel Price
Research and
Analysis in KY
Compressed Natural Gas
Retail
$ 1.87 per GGE
Natural Gas
(uncompressed) Wholesale
$ 0.77 per therm
Propane
$ 2.01 per gallon
Ethanol
$ 2.78 per gallon
Biodiesel (B20)
$ 2.79 per gallon
E Diesel (7.7% ethanol by
vol.)
$ 1.20 per gallon(bulk
deliveries)
Local alt fuel price
reports in CA
How a Coordinator is Funded
• Stakeholder Dues 10%
• DOE Grants
28%
• Other Grants
22%
• Volunteer Time
6%
• Salary
34%
Clean Cities Stakeholders
• Coalitions are made up of local
stakeholders in Clean Cities
– Nearly 4,000 local stakeholder members
– Private Stakeholders: 51%
Clean Cities Technical Support
• Alternative Fuels Data Center
– Website with technical info on technologies
– Resource for coordinators and the public
• Program and technology analysis
– Program metrics
– Analysis of emerging technologies and issues
• Tiger Teams
– Technical experts to solve implementation problems
• Technical Response Service
– Knowledgeable resources for questions
Clean Cities Financial Support
Total Clean Cities/SEP Grant Funds
$7.0
Million Dollars US
$6.0
$5.0
$4.0
$3.0
$2.0
$1.0
$0.0
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Clean Cities Financial Support
Clean Cities Funding by Fuel/Technology
$4.0
Million Dollars US
$3.5
Natural Gas
Ethanol
LPG
Biodiesel
Electric
Hydrogen
$3.0
$2.5
$2.0
$1.5
$1.0
$0.5
$0.0
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2005 Petroleum Displacement
Clean Cities Coalitions
Technology
Million GGEs
Alt. Fuel Vehicles
165
Fuel Economy
65
Idle Reduction
10
Low-Level Blends
8
Hybrid Vehicles
3
Total
251
Non-Vehicle Total
86
% of Total
65.7%
25.9%
4.0%
3.2%
1.2%
100%
34.3%
Clean Cities Resources
http://www.eere.energy.gov/afdc/
Important Links
DOE Office of FreedomCar and Vehicle Technologies
www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels
DOE EERE Information Center
1-877-EERE-INF (1-877-337-3463)
www.eere.energy.gov/cleancities/informationcenter.html
Stakeholder and Related Links
www.eere.energy.gov/cleancities/links.html