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Arie SADOVSKI Center for Study of Organizations & Human Resources University of Haifa IFISE Objectives 1. 2. 3. 2 Validation of two complementary financial mechanisms for the creation of high-tech start-up companies in Israel:The Yozma and the Technological incubators programmes. Analyzing the success factors and identifying those that may be relevant to Europe Validation of a methodology for the creation of seed and start-up financial sources for new high-tech firms and dissemination to prominent European policy-makers Planning of one or more public programs for the creation of seed and start-up financing sources in Italy and presentation to Italian policy makers Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] 3 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] The Yozma and Technological Incubators programs were put in place by the Office of the Chief Scientist Ministry of Industry and Trade 4 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] THE YOZMA PROGRAM 5 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Venture capital funds in Israel today (Funds and other capital sources as of December 31, 1998) Funds Technology venture capital funds Yozma funds Private funds Public and other funds Total Other private equity Funds 31 All funds 88 Investment companies All capital sources 101 Number $ Millions 10 43 4 57 764 2,630 13 2,865 (Source: Reiter & Klein 1999) 6 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] 256* 1,512 98 1,866 236 Venture capital in Israel up to 1992 ? N=1 7 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Yozma biography • Established as a wholly-owned Venture Capital Company by the government • Total capital : $ 100 million • Inaugurated in mid 1992, began operation in 1993 • Privatized in 1997 8 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Yozma objectives To create VC industry as a source for capital for the emerging hi-tech start-up companies 9 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Yozma methodology • To entice the private sector and foreign investors to set up new VC funds • Participation of Yozma (Government sponsorship) as a partner in the new VC funds • To secure an obligation of the new VC funds to invest in start-up companies in Israel 10 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Yozma operational guidelines • Yozma investments in the new VC, up to 40% of the VC’s capital and not more than $8 millions per fund • The incentive to the private investors: An option to buy the government (Yozma) shares during the first five years of the funds’ existence at the government investment price plus Libor+1% and 7% of the future profits 11 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Yozma programme agenda (1/2) • Importing knowledge and experience to set up and operate VC funds and creating local management teams • Raising capital for investment in the high-tech start-ups. • Creating an international network with foreign VCs and other investors. 12 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Yozma programme agenda (2/2) • Government shares the risks and takes a leading role for a limited period of time • Creating up to 10 small size new funds • To invest directly in start-up companies (Invested in 15 companies) 13 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Yozma 10 baby funds and the leading foreign investors • • • • • • • • • • 14 Eurofund Daimler-Benz, DEG (Germany) Gemini Advent (USA) Inventech Van Leer Group (NL) Jerusalem Ventures Pacific Oxton (US/Far East) Medica MVP (USA) Nitzanim-Concord AVX, Kyocera (Japan) Polaris CMS (USA) Star TVM (Germany) & Singapore Tech VERTEX Vertex international funds Walden Walden (US) Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Yozma baby funds growth • From $200 millions take off capital to managing $2.9 billions capital, collectively • Yozma baby funds take a prominent position in the list of the 20 major funds that comprise the leading VC funds in Israel 15 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Yozma baby funds maturity ($) millions Capital Planned for 2001 • Eurofund 72 150 • Gemini 350 • Inventech 100 • Jerusalem Ventures Partners 255 350 • Medica 70 • Nitzanim-Concord 270 • Polaris 700 • Star 600 350 • VERTEX 150 100 • Walden 120 70 • Yozma 180 150 16 Total 2.87 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] 1.17 billions Acknowledgement The assistance of Mr. Yigal Erlich [email protected] Chairman&Managing Partner THE YOZMA GROUP And the initiator of the Yozma Program to the 1st part of the presentation is gratefully acknowledged Government sponsored TECHNOLOGICAL “INCUBATORS” IN ISRAEL 18 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] The official program objectives • To support the initiation of high-tech industry by supporting novice entrepreneurs at the earliest stages of technological entrepreneurship • To encourage new export oriented industry • To create new employment opportunities for technologically skilled persons 19 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] The program methodology To provide a supportive and protective environment to individual inventors and entrepreneurs, for the development of technological innovations into business ventures. 20 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Establishment of an incubator How and Who... • Government: Initiates, provides incentives and sets eligibility criteria. Candidate must offer: -Facility suitable for R&D -Capabilities to assist in financial and business management 21 • Public organizations: Municipal/regional authorities, research institutes/universities, industrial organizations and investors groups Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] The program structural lay-out Incubators Programme Directorate Steering Committee Incubators n=24 -Board of Directors -Projects Committe Project n=~9 22 Project Project Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] An incubator is... • Independent legal entity • Non-profit organization • Has: -A professional experienced manager - Board of directors from industry, business sector, research institutes - Suitable facilities for R&D activity • In each incubator: 10 - 15 projects 23 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Incubator offers the entrepreneur... (1/2) • Facilities appropriate for R&D (low rent) • Financing of 85% - 100% of R&D expenses • Assistance in obtaining the complementary financing (15%) • Central administrative services (secretarial, accounting, legal, acquisition) 24 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Incubator offers the the entrepreneur... (2/2) • Assistance in management, logistics and business development • Assistance in commercialization • A use of a structural and professional infrastructure • Inter-tenant synergism 25 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Project selection criteria • • • • • • 26 Product oriented Rooted in technological R&D Innovation and uniqueness For export mainly Feasible with available resources Individual initiative Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Project proposal... 27 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Government financial support • To incubator : 100% of approved budget - up to $180,000 annually • To project : - 85% of approved budget - up to $150,000 annually - 2 years maximum 28 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Special attention to regional development Incubators in peripheral regions: 100% government participation in R&D costs to three projects per year but only for the the first year of each project 29 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Project organization and financing • • • • • • • Registered as an independent company Staff size: 3 - 5 Support duration- up to 2 years 85% - by the Government -up to $300,000 15% - by private investors - about $50,000 100% budget per 2 years - about $350,000 Covered expenses include: salaries, materials, equipment, subcontracting, consulting, patent applications, marketing, overheads. 30 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Preliminary ownership distribution of a project company 31 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Government incubators budget: $ 223m in 10 years 32 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Current status as of mid 2000 • 24 Technological incubators • 200 Projects operating currently • 9 Projects in average in each of the incubators • 619 Projects have been already out of the incubators 33 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Current status of projects as of mid 2000 • 24 Technological incubators • 200 Projects operating currently • 9 Projects in average in each of the incubators • 619 Projects have been already out of the incubators 34 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Incubators’ projects fields of activity 11% 20% 6% 22% 22% 19% 35 Machines Agriculture/Environmnet Electonics Softwa re/Computers Medical Instrument./Medicne Chemistry Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Summary of projects graduation and evolution pattern as of mid 2000 Graduated Projects 619 100% 36 Stopped (Failed) 302 Continuing 317 49% 51% Negotiating Investment 70 Attracted Investment 244 11% 40% Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Collaboration with private investors • Private investors are already partners in 16 out of the 24 Incubators • The private investments are made to the Incubators’ budget in return for the Incubators shares in the projects • The Incubators are considered an “interesting” investment targets 37 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Segmentation of private 2000 investments as of mid Total private investments 38 $ 406 m Continuing graduate projects 376 During the incubation period 15 Complimentary financing 15 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] The characteristic features of the program (1/2) •Significant financial support to the projects •Support is limited to technological R&D with practical commercial potential •Limited Incubation term •Complementing the activity of VC funds 39 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] The characteristic features of the program (2/2) • Depends to a large extent on involvement of representatives of the public from the public and the private sectors: From the industry, financial and scientific communities • Intends to nurture the innovation potential of individuals in the population at large • Bottom - up approach to the technology field of the projects- no specialization • Presence in all areas of the country 40 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Success stories(1/2) Company Investment $ Sales Visionix 20M Compugen 26.7 10.5 - 5.7 3.0 - 4.0 - 3T Ltd. 7.5M Fund raised Nanomotion 16 Medicalith Merged with ESC Ltd. Phono-Or Ltd 41 5.3 12M (Frankfurt Stock E.) Raised 100M (NASDAQ) Sales agreement of 100M Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Success stories(2/2) Company product Visionix Ltd Optical surface characterization system Compugen Ltd. Biological data computation 3T Ltd. True temp. pyrometere Nanomotion Ltd Direct dive ceramic linear motors Medicalith Ltd. Dermatological illumintors Phono-.Or Ltd Optical microphones 42 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] A mature program but open to renewing amendments... • Additional incentives to private investors for participating in incubators • Increased budget per project • New elements of competition: For entering an incubator and for project acceptance • More emphasis on support to regional incubators 43 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Web site http://incubators.org.il 44 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected] Acknowledgement Consortium IFISE and Arie SADOVSKI wish to acknowledge the support that was provided to the a/m project and to the preparation of the 2nd part of the presentation in advice and materials by Rina PRIDOR Program Director OCS -Technological Incubators Ministry of Industry and Trade 45 Sadovski, U. od Haifa, [email protected]