Transcript OARS SA - LETASA

The Prison Gates Welcome You?
Presented by Leigh Garrett B.Ed , Grad Dip OHS&W M.B.A.
8/12/2005 Copyright CEO OARS SA & The Centre for Restorative Justice
OARS SA & CRJ
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The Agenda
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The OARS SA Perspective
OARS History
The purpose of Prisons
OARS SA Services
Restorative Justice
Questions
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CRJ Development
The Centre for Restorative Justice is a
Division of OARS SA and has been
operating since 1997. It is a venture with
key collaborators from the victims
movement and government, with beliefs
and ideals that hope to bring a balanced
approach with respect to the rights and
needs of offenders and victims.
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CRJ Development
The genesis of the CRJ derived from
significant community feeling that different
approaches to justice were needed to ensure
that the current system did not continue to
generate damage and harm. This feeling
focussed significantly on the issues facing
victims of crime and their poor treatment by
the criminal justice system.
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OARS S.A.
• Vision
– Strengthening communities by reducing crime and its
impact.
• Mission
– We are a non-government community organisation that
values our clients and their diversity. We are dedicated
to the provision of excellent services for people
involved in, affected by, or at risk of being drawn into
the criminal justice system.
• Restorative Justice
– Restorative Justice values underpin most of our work at
OARS SA.
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The First Probation Act 1887
“The manufacture of gaol-birds is one of the
processes which the majority of existing systems
of justice and prison discipline carry out to the
greatest perfection. The most numerous class of
offenders are those that drift into evil courses
simply because they have made one false move
and it is easier to go on as they have begun than
retrace their steps.”
Maurice Salom, MLC 1887
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OARS SA History
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120 years old
P.A.A. to O.A.R.S. S.A. 1978
The Freshstart Era
OARS SA Now
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OARS SA Services
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Freshstart Accommodation and Support, WASS
Case Management PSP
General Counselling/Lifestyle Planning
Financial Counselling/EFA
POP & COOP
Personal Support Program
Family Support/ Parent Support/Cadell Bus
Prisoner Support
Gambling Support Program
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Men’s Accommodation Support
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Adult men
Regional locations
SAAP
Post-release
Home Detention
Home Detention Bail
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Accommodation Support for Women
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WASS
Adelaide Women’s Prison
Relationship with Women’s Housing
Lack of beds
Housing Information and Referral Program
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Case Management
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DCS Grant
Non-parolees
Christies Beach
Murray Bridge
Emergency Assistance
Financial Counselling
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Partners Of Prisoners
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HIV & AIDS
Communicable Disease Prevention
Boom Gate YLP
Family Support
Card Deck
Hep C Prevention ARC
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Personal Support Program
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Pre Job Network
Personal issues preventing employment
Two year Program
Places at Adelaide, Christies and Murray
Bridge
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Family Support
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Parent Support Group
General Care
YLP Canteen
Murray Bridge Branch
Mobilong Canteen
Cadell Bus
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Drug & Alcohol Counselling
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IDIP Federal Program
Post-release Prisoners
Drug Court
Drug Trafficking Prevention Into Prisons
Gambling Prevention Program
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Restorative Justice
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Principles of Restorative Justice
The relevance of RJ
Centre for RJ development
Practical Applications
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Principles of RJ
RESTORATIVE JUSTICE
Is a range of processes that advocates that the
people most effective at finding a solution to a
problem are the people who are most directly
impacted by the problem, creating
opportunities, for those involved in a conflict
to work together to understand, clarify
resolve the incident and work together
towards repairing the harm caused
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Applications of RJ
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School Education Behaviour Development
Courts both adult and juvenile
Community Dispute Resoluiton
Pre-release in Prison
In-prison behaviour
Community Courts or Dispute Centres
Community Justice Centres
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“Doing With……”
Human Beings are happier, more productive and
more likely to make positive changes in their
behaviour when those in positions of authority
do things WITH them, rather than TO them or
FOR them. We maintain that the punitive and
authoritarian TO mode & the permissive and
paternalistic FOR mode are not as effective as
the restorative participatory engaging WITH
mode.
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HIGH
Social Control Window
FAIRNESS
Control(limit setting, discipline)
TO
punitive
Authoritarian
stigmatizing
neglectful
NOT
LOW
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restorative
Authoritative
Re-integrative
permissive
FOR
Support (encouragement, nurture)
FIRMNESS
HIGH
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Adapted from Watchtel/McCold from Glasser
Fair Process
A Central Idea...
‘….individuals are most likely to trust
and co-operate freely with systems whether they themselves win or lose by
those systems - when fair process is
observed.’
Kim & Mauborgne, Harvard Business Review, July – August 1997
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RJ = Fair Process
Restorative Justice is an approach which is
relational and contextual, and exhibits in
our view all of the essential components of
fair process.
• Engagement
• Explanatory
• Expectation Clarity
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Fair Process
Principle 1
Engagement:
Involving people in decisions that
affect them, by asking for their
input so they can tell their story.
Kim & Mauborgne, Harvard Business Review, July – August 1997
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Fair Process
Principle 2
Explanation :
Everyone involved and affected
should understand why final
decisions are made as they are.
Creates a powerful feedback loop
that enhances learning.
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Fair Process
Principle 3
Expectation Clarity:
Once decisions are made, new rules
are clearly stated, so that people
understand the new standards and
penalties/sanctions for failure to
honour undertakings.
Kim & Mauborgne, Harvard Business Review, July – August 1997
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Shame
When shame is not dealt with appropriately,
many possible negatives can occur.
“Shame usually is triggered by sudden awareness of
something about the self that we didn’t want to
know”….(Nathanson)”
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Shame Matrix
Eight Categories or Experiences which any of us will feel shame:
1. Matters of personal size, strength, ability and skill.
2. Dependence and independence - feel shame with a
sense of helplessness.
3. Competition - feeling good if one is a winner but
shameful it one is a loser.
4. Sense of self - “I am unique only to the extent that I
am defective.”
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Shame Matrix
• 5. Personal attractiveness - ‘I feel I am ugly or deformed;
the blush stains my features and makes me even more a
target of contempt.’
• 6. Sexuality - “There is something wrong with me
sexually.”
• 7. Issues of seeing and being seen - the urge to escape from
the eyes before which we’ve been exposed, the wish for a
hole to open up and swallow us.
• 8. Wishes and fears about closeness - the sense of being
shorn from all humanity, a feeling that one is unlovable,
the wish to be left alone forever.
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Nathanson’s Compass Of Shame
WITHDRAWAL
ATTACK OTHERS
ATTACK SELF
AVOIDANCE
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Polar responses to Shame
WITHDRAWAL : isolating oneself; running
and hiding.
AVOIDANCE
: denial; drugs and alcohol;
work alcoholism.
ATTACK OTHERS: lashing out verbally or
physically; blaming others.
ATTACK SELF: self put-down; masochism.
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Consequences of Unresolved Shame
The consequences of unresolved shame can be
minor or catastrophic. Some shame gets
resolved before it gets to the “attack other”
stage, and some will never get to that point.
However many of the major catastrophic
events in schools in the USA have shown
evidence of progressions through the
Compass of Shame to the attack other stage.
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Precursors to Violence
Does not feel part of a Group.
Does not have behaviours to deal with
frustration.
Is ashamed of Being ashamed.
James Gilligan. “Violence: Reflections on a National
Epidemic (1997)”
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Resilience
“Research has shown that a school can
contribute to a young persons resilience by
providing an environment where there are
caring relationships, high but achievable
expectations and opportunities for
participation and contribution”
APAPDC national Schools Framework project Workbook
2004
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So……………………..
When adolescents feel cared for by people at
their school and feel like part of their
school, they are less likely to use substances,
engage in violence or initiate sexual activity
at an early age. Students who feel connected
to school in this way also report higher
levels of emotional well being. (McNeely,
Nonnemaker and Blum 2002)
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Emerging Criminal Justice Issues
• The punitive response and victim power.
• The loss of rehabilitation services.
• Entrenched political and community
attitudes.
• Action and responses not based on evidence.
• Housing
• Remand in custody & prison overcrowidng.
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The Prison Gate Closes Behind
You
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