Transcript SPLIT - European Centre for Modern Languages

SPLIT
• About city of Split
• Split is the economic and
administrative center of Middle
Dalmatia. It is also the starting point for
exploration of the coast and islands in
the Adriatic.Split is a busy port, with an
international airport and regular ferry
services.
Diocletian's Palace
This palace is today the heart of the inner-city of Split where all the most important
historical buildings can be found. The importance of Diocletian's Palace far transcends
local significance because of its level of preservation and the buildings of succeeding
historical periods, stretching from Roman times onwards, which form the very tissue of
old Split. The Palace is one of the most famous and integral architectural and cultural
constructs on the Croatian Adriatic coast and holds an outstanding place in the
Mediterranean, European and world heritage.
In November 1979 UNESCO, in line with the international convention concerning the
cultural and natural heritage, adopted a proposal that the historic Split inner city, built
around the Palace, should be included in the register of the World Cultural Heritage.
History
Split is the second largest city in Croatia, with about 200,000 inhabitants.It is the
largest city on the Adriatic coast.It was first a Greek settlement founded between the
3rd and 4th cet.Then in 295 AD Roman emperor Diocletian ordered a residence to be
built there for his retirement. It took ten years to build it and Diocletian lived there
until his death in 313 AD. After that, many Roman rulers to used it as a retreat. In
the 7th century, when the Roman colony of Salona was abandoned, many of its
inhabitants sought sanctuary behind the palace's high walls and their descendants
lived there until the present day. It was conquered by the Venetians in 1420. After the
fall of Venetian rule in 1797, Split was ruled by the Austrians, and the French, before
becoming part of the Yugoslavia in 1918. In 1941, the city was occupied by the Italians
the city was liberated 1944. Then the first people's government of Croatia
was formed.
Things to see
The most important sight is Diocletian's palace.The Peristyle is the main open space in
the palace, surrounded by a colonnade of six columns.There is a cathedral on the
eastern side of the Peristyle. On the western side is the People's Square with the old
town hall, built in the 15th century. There is an Ethnographic museum on the square
and a city museum.Just outside the city walls is a remarkable statue of Gregory of Nin,
a Croatian religious leader from the 10th century,made by the most famous Croatian
sculptor, Ivan Mestrovic.
The History of Split
The first inhabitant of Split was the Roman emperor
Diocletian.He built his palace in this beautiful
bay around 293 AD. After his abdication he withdrew to
his luxurious palace of about 30 thousand square meters.
The palace was later turned into a town first populated by the citizens of Salona,
who were fleeing before Avars and Slavs. The town slowly spread beyond the
walls of the palace. It was under the rule of different kings Croatian in 10th century
AD, Hungarian,
Venetian, to French rulers and
Austro-Hungarian monarchy.
The city,remained the centre of this part of the coast till today.This mixture of
historic layers
makes a part of its originality and charm
Not only that it is the main city in Dalmatia and that it
has the strongest industry ,it also known for its sports.The
most popular is the football club Hajduk which was
founded in 1991.Also the basketball club
Jugoplastika,the tennis players:Pilić,Ivanišević and Ančić
who are worldwide.Many others famous champions came
from that city.This year Split celebrates its
1700th.birhtday.
Island Mljet in Adriatic sea
• That what you see in the first picture is Mljet.On
the other picture is the most beatiful part of
Mljet.
Mljet is an island lost in the open sea, mentioned in the stories about Odyssey and St.
Paul, as well as Benedictine monks and is indeed hard to reach.
Mljet is an Island of great diversity and contrast, and "Mljet" National Park covers its
northwestern part with an area of 5.375 ha of protected land.
Mljet National Park has been proclaimed as an area of special interest because of:
• Its unique panoramic landscape (coastline, cliffs, reefs and numerous islands) as well
as the rich topography of the nearby hills, which rise steeply above the sea and hide
numerous ancient stone villages.
The salt lakes are a unique geological and oceanographic phenomenon of worldwide
importance. They originated approximately 10,000 years ago and, until the Christian
era, they were freshwater lakes. Some endemic Dalmatian plants like Dubrovačka
zečina can only be found on the rocky coast of the island.Beautiful, rich forests once
covered large areas of the Mediterranean Coast, but they are rarely preserved today as
beautifully as they are on Mljet. The woods on Mljet gently descend all the way to the
surface of the lakes. Mljet is also known as the Green Island.
The little isle of St. Mary in the Great Lake has an ancient Benedictine monastery and a church
dating from 12th century. The small island is the symbol of the entire island, because of its
exceptional aesthetic image and strong cultural and spiritual dimension.
Polače site, a cultural and historic complex consists of the remains of a GothicPalace 4thcentury
with fortifications and ancient Christian basilica nesting in a sheltered bay.
The cultural and historical heritage of Island Mljet dates back to the eras of the Illyrian tribes, the
Roman Empire and the Republic of Dubrovnik.
Mljet's fauna is particularly friendly because there are no poisonous snakes (e.g. horned viper)
thanks to the introduction of the Indian Mongoose, which wiped them out. Five species of snakes
and six species of lizards have been registered on the island.
Mljet's largest daylight bird predator, the Snake eagle, feeds on snakes and lizards. There are also
many song-birds, as well as several species of birds that do not normally live on the Adriatic
islands.
In the area of today's national park Illyrian tribes lived in stone villages and left stone
graves as landmarks of their culture. During the Roman period, the island was
mentioned in a number of written documents.
Since the eight century, the central part of the island has been populated. Benedictine
priests became the feudal masters of the island in the mid 12th century, building their
monastery and the church on the island in the middle of the Great Lake. During
Napoleon’s rule, the Benedictine order was abolished. Towards the end of the 19th
century and in the early years if the 20th century, Austria tried to improve life on the
island. Unfortunately, a big forest fire in 1917 destroyed much of the old forest and its
subsequent restoration took a long time to achieve.
Today's population mainly lives from agriculture growing grapes and olives, and
tourism. The inhabitants of Mljet Island are the only Croatian islanders to speak the
"ijekavian" dialect.
TOURISM
THE KORNATI
ARCHIPELAGO IS A
SPECIFIC CLUSTER OF
ISLANDS THAT IS LOCATED
BETWEEN THE ŠIBENIK
AND ZADAR
ARCHIPELAGOES.IT
COVERS AN AREA OF
APPROX 320 KM2(150 KM2
OF LAND).THIS
ECOSYSTEM CONSIDERS
OF 1185 ISLANDS,99 ARE
POPULARTED.IT HAS
ALWAYS ATTRACTED
NUMEROUS NUMBERS OF
SAILORS,DRIVERS AND
HIKERS.
NATIONAL PARK KRKA WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1985 AND IT'S THE
SEVENTH NATIONAL PARK IN CROATIA.THE PARK IS LOCATED IN THE
ŠIBENIK-KNIN COUNTRY.THE AREA SPACE IS 118 km2.THE PARK'S
BOUNDARIES SURROUND THE RIVER KRKA.THE RIVER HAS SEVEN
TRAVERTINE WATERFALLS,BILUŠIĆ
BUK(22,4m),BRLJAN(15.5m),MONOLJAVAČKI WATERFALLS(A GROUP OF
WATERFALLS WITH A TOTAL HEIGHT OF
56,6m,ROŠNJAK(8,4m),MILJACKA (23,8m),ROŠKI
WATERFALL(25,5m)AND SKRADINSKI BUK(45,7m).WITH A TOTAL
DOWNFALL OF 242m,KRKA IS A NATURAL KARSTIC PHENOMENON.
TRAVERTINE IS A LIMESTONE THAT BUILDS UP NATURALLY.THIS
TRAVERTINE BUILDS UP INTO A VARIETY OF SHAPES(TRAVERTINE
BRINKS,SHEATHS,CLOAKS),WHICH ARE A PHENOMENON OF THE
PARK.THE WATERFALLS ARE BIODYNAMIC CREATIONS;THEY GROW BIT
BY EVERY YEAR.
IN THE CITY CENTRE,THERE IS A BEAUTIFUL CATHEDRAL.IZ IS A
COMBINATION OF THE TOSCANO RENAISSANCE STYLE,AND WAS BUILT
BY JURAJ DALMATINAC AND NIKOLA FIRENTINAC!!!
THANKS TO THE RIVER KRKA AND ITS AQUATORIUM THE TOURISAM
FLOURISHES.MAIN TOURIST DESTINATIONS ARE PRIMOŠTEN,VODICE
AND SOLARIS.
Velebit
Velebit is a mountain which represeuts a symbol of Croatia and it's
natonal indentity.
It is the longest mountain in the Dinaric range.According to the traditional
division of the
Mountain range it is divided into:the nirthen area(between Vratnik and Veliki
Alan),
The central area(between Veliki Alan and Basne Ostarije),the southern
area(betweenOstorje and Mali Alan) and the southeastern area (between
Veliki Alan and apper Zrmanja valley).
Although Velebit leaves an impression of a high mountain,it is nut particulary
high.
The highest peak is Vaganski Vrh and it is only 1757m high.
Most of Velebit is part of Lika region and this side is mostly covered wit
forest.This makes a strong contrast to it's Kvarner Bay side where the
vegetation is poor due to the
Influence of strong sea winds.
There are two types of climate in that dominitate in the park:the Mediterian
climate in the narrow coastal part and the Alpine climate in the rest of the
mountain.A specific caracteristic of Velebit is Bura-a fierce wind that blows
from the mountain toward the
Sea.
Velebit is a place rich in flor and fauna,but also some endemic
species.
If you ever come to this mountain you will be charmed by its
views,colours,fragrances and maybie even touch.
Dubrovnik
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Dubrovnik is the most famous city in croatia.It is positioned in the
south of Croatia on the Adriatic coast.The sea and the surrounding
with Mediterranean nature is unique in this part of the world.
It was founded in 7th century by Roman refugees.Dubrovnik was
independent city and later republic from 7th till 19th century.It’s
economy was based on trade and navigation.The town’s harbour was
a vital part of the town.in 1991/92 Dubrovnik was badly damaged by
Serb-Montenegrian army who wanted Croatia to stay in
Yugoslavia.the hardest attack happened on 6th December in
1991,even historical Old City and monuments were bombed.
It is the city of a unique political and cultural history and a part added
to the world Heritage Sites by UNESCO.It is one of the most
attractiveand famous cities in the Mediterian. A part from its
outstanding natural beautis and well
The sightseeing of Dubrovnik requires several days.A walk trough
Stradun,the narrow streets and small squares ,provides a unique
experience.In the Duke’s Palace there are 15 500 exhibits.The
Maritime Museum has a number of exhibits.In the museum of the
Franciscan monastery is the oldest pharmacy in this part of world.
Dubrovnik has a number of churches,monastiers and hotels.There are
several marinas,piers and promenades.There are sport and
recreational facilities for all sports in the sea and on the ground,from
tennis to sailingand yachting.Dubrovnik is also famous for its hotels.
Dubrovnik is the city of outstanding cultural and artistic life.The most
important is the Dubrovnik Summer Festival(10th of August) held
since 1950.Very famous are also Dubrovnik carnival festivities held
since the early Middle Ages.
Dubrovnik was founded in 7th century by Roman refuges.Dubrovnik
was independent city and later republic from 7th till 19th century.Its
economy was based on trade and navigation.the town’s harbour was a
vital part of the town.In 1991/92 Dubrovnik was badly damaged by
Serb-Montenegrian army who wanted Croatia to stay in
Yugoslavia.The hardest attack happened on 6th December in
1991.Even historical Old City and monuments were bombed.