Transcript No Slide Title

The Need for Data Exchange
Preparing are report:
Word, Photoshop,
Illustrator, video clip
As computer applications
became more numerous in
every domain, the need
and value for exchange
data between systems is an
obvious benefit
Preparing a design: 3D
Massing, detail construction
model, rendering package,
various analyses
IT in the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002
IT in the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002
Evolution of Translator and
Exchange Technology
1970s
Custom Translators
1980s
IGES
DXF
1990s
2000s
ISO-STEP
IT in the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002
What is a Building Product Model?
 An electronic database or file
 incorproates 3D geometry, possibly presentation
geometry
 includes functional, material specs, surface
information, critical relations, esp. between multiple
representations
 a standard representation used for exchange between
applications (CAD, engr., simulation, production)
 interfaces between building aspect models, for system
integration, system design/fabrication/assembly
IT in the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002
The Basic Definition of the Building Product Model
Material/Part
Ordering(BOM)
Subsystem
detailing
Architectural
Design
Site
Planning
Fabrication
Automation
Analysis
Applications
Cost
Estimation
Erection
Planning
Construction
Scheduling
A common data structure that provides two-way
exchange between muliple applications
IT in the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002
How is a Data Model Defined?
1. Scope defined
2. From process models, derive significant applic.interactions
3. From process models, define entities and attributes
4.Check with applications, to derive needed
entities/attributes/structures
5. Define structure how entities are related
6. Test in trial translators
7. Document spec. as an open standard
8. Work with application vendors to implement
IT in the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002
Current IT Efforts to Support Integration
•IAI Model (IFC2.x)
architectural
feasibility, design,
facility mgmt.
•AISC CIS/2 Model
steel design and
fabrication
•PCI precast concrete
design and fabrication
project
Actors
AISC-CIS/2
Steel Model
IAI Architectural
Bldg. Model
PCI-CPM project
precast model
General
Contractor
Architectural
Design
Client
Program
Other
subs.
struct.
sub
Mech.
sub
consultants
Structural
Engr
MEP
Engr
Phase
IT in the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002
What does CIS/2 mean to
a design or fabrication shop?
Steel
Detailing
Production
Planning
CIS/2 Structural
Steel Language
•Fast design coordination
•Faster detailing/engineering
•fabrication automation
IT in the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002
Complex Joints and Detailing
IT in the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002
APPLICATION PROTOCOLS
201: explicit draughting
202: associative draughting
203: configuration controlled design
204: mechanical design using boundary rep.
205: mechanical design using surface rep.
206: mechanical design using wire-frame rep.
207: sheet metal die planning and design
208: life cycle product change process
209: design through analysis of composite and metallic
structures
210: electronic printed circuit assembly, design and
manufacture
211: electronic test, diagnostics and remanufacture
212: electro-technical plants
213: NC process plans for machined parts
214: core data for automotive design processes
215: ship arrangements
216: ship moulded forms
217: ship piping
218: ship structures
219: dimensional inspection process planning
220: printed circuit assembly mfg. planning
221: functional and schematic representation of AEC
process plants
222: exchange between design and manufacturing for
composite structures
223: exchange between design and manufacturing for
cast parts
224: mechanical product definition for process
planning using form features
225: structural building elements using explicit shape
representation
226: ship mechanical systems
227: plant spatial configuration
228: building services: HVAC
229: forged parts
230: building structural frame: steelwork
231: process engineering data
INTEGRATED RESOURCES
GENERIC
41: fundamentals of product
description and support
42: geometric and topological rep.
43: representation structures
44: product structure configuration
45: materials
46: visual presentation
47: shape variation tolerances
48: form features
49: process structure, property and
representation
APPLICATION
101: draughting
103: electrical applications
104: finite element analysis
105: kinematics
106: building core model
CONSTRUCTS
501: edge-based wireframe
502: shell-based wireframe
503: geometry bounded 2-D
wireframe
504: draughting annotation
505: drawing structure and
administration
506: draughting elements
507: geometry bounded surfaces
508: non-manifold surfaces
DESCRIPTION METHODS
11: the EXPRESS language reference manual APPLICATION REFERENCE MODEL LANGUAGES 12: the EXPRESS-I language reference manual NIAM - IDEF1x - EXPRESS-G
IMPLEMENTATION METHODS
CONFORMANCE TESTING
ABSTRACT TEST SUITES
21: clear text encoding (file format)
22: standard data access interface
(SDAI)
23 Early C++ bindings
24: Late c++ bindings
31: general concepts
32: requirements on testing
laboratories
33: abstract test suites
34: abstract test methods
1201: ATS for 201
1202: ATS for 202
1203: ATS for 203
IT in the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002
STEP Architecture
Conceptual
Model
description methods:
EXPRESS Graphical
Language,
EXPRESS-G
Requirements Model
Implementation Model
Implementation methods
description methods:
Database Schema
generators
EXPRESS Data
Modeling Language,
application protocols
Application
Reference
Model (ARM), defined
in: EXPRESS-G
Implementation Medium
application protocols:
Implementation methods
Application
Interpreted Model
(AIM):
in EXPRESS
physical file fomat or
other implementation
method(SPF)
integrated resources
generic and application
integrated resources:
re-usable EXPRESS
constructs
IT in the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002
Software Exchange Process
EXPRESS
data model
EXPRESS
libraries
(Integrated
Resources)
expanded
EXPRESS
model
(DICTIONARY)
engineering
application
source code
Language Bindings:
objects that
represent data model
in various languages
(C, C++, Java) and
functions to create,
read and write
instances
Standard
Data
Access
Interface
110000001101010101
010101000001010100
1111001100001010101
010101011001010100
1010101000010111100
0101010101100101011
10010101010010101
IT in the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002
Typical Data
Exchange Process
Receiving
Source
Application
Application
Export
Import
Translator
Translator
Data
Part 021
Data Translator
Structure
Exchange
Part 21File
Part 021
Translator
Data
Structure
Product Model
Conformance Class
Subset
IT in the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002
XML and Product Models
Business and
product
information
design in text
Business processes
XML
Design/Engineering
/Manufacturing
processes
EXPRESS-based
product model
Complex
engineering data,
including
geometry,
behavioral
properties, layout
IT in the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002
Some Example Types of
Exchange
Complex Exchanges:
Design
Application1
Design
Application2
Design & Analysis
Application3
Data
Repository
Design
Application4
Analysis
Application5
Analysis
Application6
IT in the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002
General Strategies for Exchange
Criteria for selection:
•real-time vs. asynchronous exchange
•passing data vs. algorithms
•narrow vs. wide semantic domain
•internal network vs. Web-based open exchanges
• total passing of dataset vs. repository with
incremental additions and extractions
•who will be responsible and maintain exchange
SW?
IT in the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002
Some Example Types of
Exchange
Many possible ways to carry out Building Data
Exchange:
•write to, then read from an ASCII file in some agreed upon
format (DXF, IGES, STEP Part 21 file format)
•pass data between programs as C++ objects, wrapped as
CORBA or COM objects (used in Intranet and file server
networks)
•pass data in HTML or XML across Web (being used in ecommerce efforts)
•send JAVA objects that carry exchange data (approach
being developed by Bentley)
IT in the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002
The Scope of the Precast
Engineering Software Product
Plant Scheduling
Precast Product Model
Prepare Project
Schedule
Labor Cost
Database
Yard Layout
Planning
Billing for Project
Building Assembly Provides Crucial Information for:






CAD / IFC
Model
General mold and mold feature definition
Approximate Material Quantities
Delivery and Erection Sequence
Cost Estimate based on Materials and Erection
General Design, Production and other Scheduling
Finish Layout
Move to Yard
Data after structural
analysis
1.1b*
Import Building
Assembly
1.1a*
11.3.3
Basic Layout Only
Define Building
Assembly by Copying
Drawings or from
Scratch
11.3.1
Lay Out Building
Assembly
Project
Documents
1.2b*
Future Add-On
Define Custom
Pieces
11.3.5
Complete Layout Data
Define Custom
Piece Geometry
Design Individual
Pieces
11.3.4
*Routes 1.1a and 1.1b are
alternative, as are 1.2a and 1.2b
Fabrication
Detail Piece-marks Provides
Crucial Information for:
 Mold Feature Placement
 Detail Material Quantities
and BOM
 Designs for plate, reinforcing
and Implant fabrication
 Costs checks based on
number of Pieces,
assembly operations
 Detail Plant Scheduling
Do Detail Design
1.2a*
Automated Building
Assembly Layout
Expert
11.3.2
Detail Piecemarks
1.4
Basic Layout Only
Acquire Project
Detail Building
Assembly
Determine Design
Loads
1.3
Fabricate
Deliver to Site
Erect Structure
complete
project
Layout Individual
Piece
review pieces for
cost
5.1
Acquire Project
Component Supply Contract
Schedule Engr.
Staff
Prepare Molds
Material Cost
Database
Prepare Reinf. &
Hardware
Prepare/track bill
of Material
Prepare Batch
Instructions
abandon
project
Note: Quality Control is performed within each high-level activity. It is not represented as distinct high-level activities
IT in.
the AEC Industry
Fall, 2002