Transcript 投影片 1 - USTC

In Pursuit of CP Violation, and more
November 19, 2010, Seminar @ USTC
⊳
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 1
Outline
I.
Intro: Why are we here?
II. The B Factories, the KM Nobel — and the Shortfall
III. NTUHEP and its Exploits
IV. A Prediction of sin2FBs a priori — from D AKp
V.
A Eureka Moment: Heavenly CPV !?
VI. In Pursuit of CP Violation, and more
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 2
I. Intro: Why are we here?
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 3
Matter (?)
Matter !
Antimatter:
0%
(1967)
CPV & BAU: The Sakharov View
10-9 Matter left !
14Byr
Us
Equal Matter
-Antimatter
Pair
Annihilation
(  CMB g ’s )
Why are we here?
• Baryon Number V iolation
• CP Violation
• Deviation from Equilibrium
Sakharov Stimulated by ...
Discovery of CP Violation

Phys. Rev. Lett. 13, 138 (1964)
1980 Nobel
2 103 : Too Small .... for Sakharov !
CP Violation Primer
Particle
Anti Particle
CPV
i
i
QM
CP Asymmetry needs both CP Conserv/Violating Phase
Complex Dynamics: KM Sector of SM
1973
ui
JmW
g Vij
W–
dj
3x3 “Rotation”
Unitary
Wolfenstein parametrization
*
*
*
VudVub  VcdVcb  VtdVtb  0
Need to be Nontrivial for CPV
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 8
II. The B Factories, the KM Nobel, and the Shortfall
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 9
The Two B Factories
Mt. Tsukuba
PEP-II
KEKB
BaBar
Belle
Tag Flavor
Differ only in PID
DIRC
CPV Pursuit
vs
Aerogel Cherenkov + ToF
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 10
Purpose of B Factory
Measure sin2f1/b via TCPV in B → J/yKS
How did this all
come about ?
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 11
T-dep. CPV Primer
CPVin in
Mixing-Decay
Interference
CPV
Mixing-Decay
Interference
B
A
M12
CPV
B0
Vtd*2
M12
“Double Slit”
Ā
B
B0
A:
Decay Amplitude
M12 : Mixing Amplitude
CP conserv.
i Dmt
B0  B0 Oscillations: e
Interference of Two Types of Phases
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 12
CP Violation Primer
Particle Process
Anti Particle Process
TCPV:
d2 = Dm t
f2 = 2arg Vtd
CP Asymmetry needs both CP Conserv/Violating Phase
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 13
Time-dependent CPV (TCPV) Asymmetry
Carter-Sanda; Bigi-Sanda 1980-81
0
:
0
B -B Mass Difference
CP Eigenvalue of final state f
:
state at time Dt from
:
A =  C for BaBar
at Dt = 0
:
Measure
1
DCPV
sin2f1/b
CPV Pursuit
CPV Phase in Mixing
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 14
a big boost !
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 15
The Two B Factories
P. Oddone, 1987
PEP-II
Asymmetric Energy!
Mt. Tsukuba
KEKB
BaBar
Belle
Tag Flavor
Differ only in PID
DIRC
CPV Pursuit
vs
Aerogel Cherenkov + ToF
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 16
The $1B Question: Mixing-dep. CPV in B → J/yKS
B decays in ~ picosecond
Belle
One B Decay
B0 or B0
Tag Flavor
Other B Decay CP Eigenstate
Measure Both
CPV Pursuit
Decay Vertex
Dz  Dt
J/yKS, pp, h’KS, fKS , KSp0
2001 !
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 17
b  d transitions consistent with SM
KM Phase Confirmed by Experiment ~ 2001
1964
β  f1
Area ≠ 0
CPV Pursuit
*
*
VudVub
 VcdVcb
 VtdVtb*  0
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 18
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008
"for the discovery of
the mechanism of
spontaneous broken
symmetry in
subatomic physics"
"for the discovery of the origin of the
broken symmetry which predicts the
existence of at least three families of
quarks in nature"
CP Violation
in SM
7 October 2008
Photo: Universtity of Chicago
Yoichiro Nambu
1/2 of the prize
CPV Pursuit
Photo: KEK
Photo: Kyoto University
Makoto Kobayashi
Toshihide Maskawa
1/4 of the prize
1/4 of the prize
USA
Japan
Japan
Enrico Fermi Institute,
University of Chicago
Chicago, IL, USA
High Energy Accelerator
Research Organization
(KEK)
Tsukuba, Japan
Kyoto Sangyo University;
Yukawa Institute for
Theoretical Physics (YITP),
Kyoto University
Kyoto, Japan
b. 1921
(in Tokyo, Japan)
b. 1944
b. 1940
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
B Factories
(BaBar & Belle)
USTC, Nov ’10 19
CPV so far only observed in KM ...
• Nontrivial CPV Phase
*
*
*
Nontrivial VudVub
 VcdVcb  VtdVtb  0
• All like-charge quark pairs nondegenerate,
Otherwise  Back to 2-gen. and CPV vanish.
CPV
iff
J≠0
CPV Pursuit
Jarlskog Invariant (1985) for CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 20
B.A.U. from CPV in KM ? The Lore.
nB
ng  0
nB
0.3
10

(
5
.
1
)

10
0.2
ng
WMAP
KM ~ 10 20
Too Small in SM
Jarlskog Invariant in SM3
(need 3 generation in KM)
Normalize by T ~ 100 GeV
Masses too Small !
EW Phase Transition Temperature
~ v.e.v.
Small, but not Too small
A ~ 3 10

in SM
is common (unique) area of triangle
CPV Phase
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 21
the Shortfall : KM misses BAU by at least 1010 ...
(u, d,) s, c, b
quarks too light
v.e.v.
Why Repeat ? “Flavor Problem”
III. NTUHEP and its Exploits
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 23
The Two B Factories
P. Oddone, 1987
PEP-II
Asymmetric Energy!
Mt. Tsukuba
KEKB
Inadvertantly lead to my
return to Taiwan in 1992
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 24
My CPV Internship
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 25
becoming semi-expert
Invitation to Blois
1979
Bander-Silverman-Soni phase/mech.
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 26
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 27
... a dramatic “Career Doubling”
— founder/pusher of NTUHEP
I
Built EFC
Participate SVD2
• Sprinkling of Flavor/CPV
Intro
~ 20% of all
— “Heaven
onpapers
Earth” !
Belle
II Entrance: Hardware
III Science Output from Taiwan Belle
Rare Decays
Objective
12
6
Direct CPV Observed
4 !
TCPV
5
Offshoots
D0h0 / ppK
/Discovery
Sf / VV pol.
Prowess
6
4
IV Hints for New Physics: DS, DA
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
MikeFest, Nov ’09 28
Strategy: Rare Decays
Direct CPV
Part of motivation for starting T-Belle is
Density of B-phenomenologists
— Hai-Yang Cheng (AS)
Xiao-Gang He (NTU)
(recruited as part of build-up
Chao-Qiang Geng (NTHU)
Hsiang-nan Li (AS)
(built-up in the process
Kwei-Chou Yang (CYCU) (trained thru process
Chuan-Hung Chen (NCKU) ( ” ”
Chung-Kiang Chua (AS)
(””
and myself ...
Have theorists, want experimentalists !
Guess what,
Our specialty IS — Rare Decays and Direct CP Violation
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 29
... a dramatic “Career Doubling”
— founder/pusher of NTUHEP
I
Intro
Built EFC
Participate
SVD2
• Sprinkling
of Flavor/CPV
~ 20% of all
— “Heaven
onpapers
Earth” !
Belle
II Entrance: Hardware
III Science Output from Taiwan Belle
Rare Decays
Objective
12
6
Direct CPV Observed
4 !
TCPV
5
Offshoots
D0h0 / ppK
/Discovery
Sf / VV pol.
Prowess
6
4
IV Hints for New Physics: DS, DA
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
MikeFest, Nov ’09 30
Crowning: Rare Decays
Direct CPV
hh modes became “ours” since 2003
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 31
Kp, pp modes: Main Mine for DCPV
CPV Phase
Tree
Interference
Penguin
N.B. Would need also CP Conserving Phase Difference
Recall dDp ~ 30, so dKp , dpp  0 likely
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 32
Observation of Direct CPV in B
Highlight of 2004
2005 Conf., “4.97s”
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 33
CP Violation History
CPV Pursuit
TCPV
DCPV
Mixing(-dep.)
Direct
K:
1964
1999
B:
2001
2004
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 34
IV. A Prediction of sin2FBs a priori — from D AKp
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 35
Belle 2008 〈Nature〉: Simple Bean Count
DA = AK p 0  AK p  =  0.164  0.037
4.4s
0.07  0.03 vs 0.094  0.020
b → s CPV
Difference
Is
Large !
Exp. Established
Belle + BaBar (+ CDF)
And
Not
Predicted !
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 36
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 37
the Thread that Lead ...
ACP(B  Kp0 )
Sakai
275M BB
New
Kp0 : 728 53
ACP(Kp0 ) = 0.04  0.05  0.02
hint that ACP(Kp )  ACP(Kp0 ) ? (2.4s)
Large EW penguin
New Physics ?
(Z0)
[also seen by BaBar]
d
_
d
?
B
b
s
u
u
p0
K
ICHEP 2004, Beijing
My first B (and 4G :) paper
WSH, Willey, Soni
dimensions
g
Z
 GF < GF2 m t2
nondecoupling
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 39
D AKp = AK +p 0  AK +p  ~ 15% and
LO PQCD ⊕ 4th Gen.
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’
bs
PEW
05
D AKp  12% vs 15% (data)
d
_
d
mt'  300 GeV
(illustrat ion)
B
b
, t’
u
u
Large splitting of DCPV possible w/ 4G
s
p0
K
, t’
Corollary: Large TCPV in Bs !
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 40
• b → s Z-penguin: Nondecoupled t’ w/
- PQCD at LO
- PQCD at NLO
⇨
Vt'sVt' b
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL 2005
WSH, Li, Mishima, Nagashima, PRL 2007
Can in principle generate DAkp
_d
sd
t’
b
B
u
p0

K
u
t’
Predict sin2FBs   0.2 to  0.7
sin
2FPursuit
CPV
Bd ≡ sin2f1 ≡ sin2b
 0. to  0.7
WSH,
Nagashima,
Soddu,
PRD, 2007
George
W.S. Hou
(NTU)
t’
USTC, Nov ’10 41
sin2FBs ~ 0.5 - 0.7
PRL’08
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’07
(already in 05)
PRL’08
arXiv:0712.2397 [hep.ex]
arXiv:0802.2255 [hep.ex]
Summer ’09
2.1
3.7
s
~2.8s
 0.16
±?
sin2FBs  0.64  0.14
UTfit
Incredible
arXiv:0803.0659 [hep.ph]
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
!!!
USTC, Nov ’10 42
sin2FBs ~ 0.5 - 0.7
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’07
(already in 05)
sin2FBs ~ 0.33
WSH, Ma, arXiv:1004.2186 [hep-ph]
Also, Soni et al., arXiv:1002.0595 [hep-ph]
Buras et al. arXiv:1002.2126 [hep-ph]
Lenz et al., arXiv:1005.3505 [hep-ph]
4th generation “prediction” still robust, but needs LHCb to verify !
Summer ’10
bs seems smaller
comment: probably hadronic enhanced DGs
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 43
3G
Looks like > 3s within 2011,
if |sin2FBs| > 0.2 !!
spokesperson
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 44
V. A Eureka Moment: Heavenly CPV !?
Mind broadened by writing 《Nature》
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 45
the 4G Leap
One day late summer 2009,
it occurred to me …
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 46
B.A.U. from CPV in KM ?
nB
ng  0
nB
0.3
10

(
5
.
1
)

10
0.2
ng
KM ~ 10 20
WMAP
Too Small in SM
Why? Jarlskog Invariant in SM3
(need 3 generation in KM)
Normalize by T ~ 100 GeV
masses too small !
A ~ 3 10

in SM
is common (unique) area of triangle
CPV Phase
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 47
B.A.U. from CPV in KM ?
nB
ng  0
nB
0.3
10

(
5
.
1
)

10
0.2
ng
KM ~ 10 20
WMAP
Too Small in SM
If shift by One Generation in SM4
(need 3 generation in KM)
Providence
1,2,3
WSH, arXiv:0803.1234 [hep/ph]
CJP’09
~
1015
Gain
2,3,4
Only fac. 30 in CPV per se
Gain mostly in Large Yukawa Couplings (Masses) !
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
Nature would
likely use this !?
USTC, Nov ’10 48
Soaring to the Starry Heavens
Enough CPV
for BAU ?
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 49
VI. In Pursuit of CP Violation, and more
CPV 4 the Universe
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
4−EWSB
USTC, Nov ’10 50
The Pursuit of 4th generation, and its Dilemma
Same Sign
Dilepton
• t’/b’ Mass Bounds: Getting heavier
t’ → Wq Search
b’ → Wt Search
2.7/fb
Excess at high Mreco and HT
Alison Lister @ ICHEP2010
Comparable bound, clean
• Unitarity Bound: Partial Wave Unitarity breaks down starting 500-600 GeV !
Chanowitz, Furman and Hinchliffe, 1979
• Could EWSB be due to b’ and t’ near/above unitarity bound ?
Need Study Platform
Q Q can Condense by Large Yukawa ! (?)
Higgs-Yuk. on Lattice
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 51
b' Search
_
b' (→ W t) b'
Partial Wave Unitarity Bound
• Scale from 10 TeV
using LO PYTHIA
cross section for
signal and bkgrnd
[original 14 TeV done in
2008 by KF Jack Chen]
• Sensitivity will
surpass (current)
Tevatron bound
w/ > 100-200 pb1
• With 1 fb1, start
to challenge the
unitarity bound.
Target by end of 2011
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 52
Thoughts on the other 1/2 Nobel Prize
SSB
"for the discovery of
the mechanism of
spontaneous broken
symmetry in
subatomic physics"
"for the discovery of the origin of the
broken symmetry which predicts the
existence of at least three families of
quarks in nature"
Q Q can Condense
by Large Yukawa !
Could EWSB be
due to b’ and t’
above unitarity bound ~ 500-600 GeV ?
Bob Holdom:
[Bardeen,
Photo: Hill,
KEK Lindner
Photo: Kyoto University
Photo: Universtity of Chicago
Yoichiro Nambu
1/2 of the prize
CPV Pursuit
N–J-L
Makoto Kobayashi
Toshihide Maskawa
Gustavo Burdman:
“Holographic” 4th gen.
1/4 of the prize
1/4 of the prize
USA
Japan
Japan
Enrico Fermi Institute,
University of Chicago
Chicago, IL, USA
High Energy Accelerator
Research Organization
(KEK)
Tsukuba, Japan
Kyoto Sangyo University;
Yukawa Institute for
Theoretical Physics (YITP),
Kyoto University
Kyoto, Japan
b. 1921
(in Tokyo, Japan)
b. 1944
Need Study Platform
Higgs-Yukawa on Lattice
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
b. 1940
USTC, Nov ’10 5359
The “3 + I” Approach — A Research Agenda
3
1. Direct Search with CMS
NTU-NCU Team
2. LHC Phenomenology
New “Theory Group” @ NTU
3. Lattice Higgs-Yukawa
NTU-NCTU-DESY/Zeuthen
Needed by ~ 2013 to
Probe & Understand
Beyond Unitarity Bound
+
I
w/ PSI/ETHZ & DESY/Aachen/Karlsruhe
CERN/Taiwan Center for CMS Pixel Upgrade Phase I
Longer Term Hardware ⇒ assure physics program
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 54
Conclusion: Know in 3-5(-7) Years
~ 1015 Gain
mb  , mt   300 GeV 1013
~ 600 GeV
Even if O (1)
1015
Enough
CPV-4-BAU
Maybe there is a 4th Generation !
Tevatron still
to be watched
LHC !
• sin2FBs “Confirmation” — Easy for LHCb
• b’, t’ Discovery — Straightforward/full terrain
ATLAS/CMS
Heaven on Earth?
4-EWSB ?
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 55
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 56
DmBd, t op and Vtd
t
b/f1   arg V td
CPV Phase
Nondecoupling — lt ~ 1
“Higgs Affinity”
t op, a v.e.v. scale quark, “discovered” 20 years ago (ARGUS)
Loops
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
DmBd
USTC, Nov ’10 57
Offshoot Discovery I — D0h0
• Early 2001
- Rong-Shyang “tooling” w/ w0 finding ... sees D0w0
- Japanese student and Paoti, indep’tly ... see D0p0
Convenors Act — Form “Battle Group”
‣ Jack
D()0p0
‣ Hsuan-Cheng D()0h0
‣ Rong-Shyang D()0w0
SU(3)
argument
Reported Summer 2001 !
Why the rush?
— Much Enhanced!
100 %
Flavor/CP/T-Belle
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
OCPA5, 6/29/06
58
More modes, done in less time
CLEO 9.7M, PRL 88, 062001 (2002)
Belle 23M, PRL 88, 052002 (2002)
BaBar 89M, PRD 69, 032004 (2004)
Dp ~ ½  1
Isospin Strong Phase
Difference dDp ~ 30
enhance
dKp , dpp  0 ?
Flavor/CP/T-Belle
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
OCPA5, 6/29/06
59
Prowess I: TCPV in Charmless B  sqq
Jack
• Shih-Chieh finished M.S., after army, went for US (still finishing at FNAL)
• I did not give instructions to move into Time-dep. CPV study ...
[flagship TCPV, sin2f1 measurement via B  J/y K0, was completed 2001
we strategically stayed away so as not to get sidelined.
• This was the first TCPV study outside of charmonia final states.
— A remarkable test for method.
BaBar followed only a year later.
• NTU’s expertise in p0 / g payed off.
Nobody was better suited.
• Jack became a big expert on
B  sqq TCPV in Belle
• Belle (Jack’s) result consistent
with SM expectation, while
BaBar’s is at some variance.
Flavor/CP/T-Belle
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
Belle
BaBar
OCPA5, 6/29/06
60
Penguins (Vertex Loops)
Real
SM (KM) Prediction
SfKS = sin 2f1
b
Possible SUSY
FCNC/CPV Loop
Can Break Equality
Flavor/CP/T-Belle
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
OCPA5, 6/29/06
61
h’KS, fKS ...
TCPV in Charmless B  sqq Cont’d
...
Belle
BaBar
• 2003 result caused a sensation
[I was shocked
• 2003-2004 data set opposite sign
• BaBar consistent with SM
Belle converging ...
SVD1
4.5%
S = 0.68  0.46

A = 0.02  0.28
2002
2003
SVD2 (2003+)
S = +0.78  0.45
A =+0.17  0.33
2004
But we firmly entered TCPV.
Also rp mode (Chin-Chi Wang)
Flavor/CP/T-Belle
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
OCPA5, 6/29/06
62
John
Flavor/CP/T-Belle
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
OCPA5, 6/29/06
63
Why AK+p -  AK+p 0  0 a Puzzle ?
?
Large C ?
Suppress Tree CPV Phase
Large EWPenguin ?
Need NP CPV Phase
∵ T and PEW
≈ same strong phase
B
b
u
CPV Pursuit
?
s
u
d 0
_ p
d
K
Currently working w/ Hsiang-nan et al.
on NLO-PQCD  NP Z-penguin
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 64
PAMELA !
• PAMELA e+ could be due to (near by) Pulsars (so, Astrophysics);
see e.g. Hooper, Blasi and Serpico, JCAP01(2009)025
BUT THAT DIDN’T STOP DM PARTICLE SPECULATOR/THEORISTS
• B → Kp DCPV Difference could be due to “Enhanced Color-suppressed C”
AND THIS SEEMS TO STOP FURTHER THOUGHTS ACROSS ATLANTIC !?
N.B. QCDF did not predict AKp;
SCET got wrong sign for DAkp
but PQCD did predict (ca. 2001) sign and strength of AKp;
What Theorists Should Do ! (like “Blind Analysis”)
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 65
n’s are massive !
⇨  Another Scale.
Neutral Lepton N 0
hard to access in near future
CPV Pursuit
CDF/ATLAS
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
(except Majorana)
USTC, Nov ’10 66
Kribs et al.
Chanowitz;
Erler and Langacker; …
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
Heavier
Higgs
!
USTC, Nov
’10 67
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 68
Can determine full 4  4 by facing all flavor constraints
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’05
WSH, Ma, arXiv:1004.2186 [hep-ph]
⇨ CKM4
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 69
Strategic Planning for CMS Physics Analysis
Vision ~ Early ’06
4th generation? —
The jury is out …
In era of LHC, can Directly Search for b’, t’
Once and For All !
Find b’, t’, or Rule Out @ LHC
It’s a Duty.
Strategy Considerations (
)
• Well shielded training ground — All Tools
☞ Move on to Greener Pastures ~ in 2 years
• Publish early — Large Cross Section
- If “Limits”, then easy to publish
- If “Signal”, Lucked Out!
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 70
The Abyss between CPV in SM3 vs BAU
bridged in SM4 by Heaviness of t ’ and b ’
Why wasn’t this clearly
pointed out in past 20 years ?
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 71
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 72
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 73
or, deeper ...
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
USTC, Nov ’10 74
What about Strength of Phase Transition?
Tc  100 GeV
Higgs potential at T  0
T2  2
2
VT (H )  m0 1  2  H  E (T ) H 3  lT H 4
 Tc 
regulate transition
strength: bosons
W, Z
• For mH > 72 GeV transition is a crossover
― rules out BAU in SM.
• Typically invoke SUSY:
Kajantie. Laine, Rummukainen, Shaposhnikov, 1996
light stop
• With SM4, no new bosons
e.g. Carena, Quiros, Seco, Wagner, 2000
 still insufficient
Fok and Kribs, 2008
perturbative
Critique
• Strong Yukawa “ Q Q Pairing” could enter E(T) ?
• Higgs field always elementary in literature. What about composite ?
Could nonperturbative Yukawa save the day?
CPV Pursuit
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
Lattice Higgs-Yukawa
USTC, Nov ’10 75