Transcript Slide 1

Changes to the RRS for
2013-2016
Rob Overton
Chairman,
Racing Rules Committee
US Sailing
[email protected]
http://racingrulesblog.blogspot.com
11/2/2012
US SAILING ANNUAL MEETING
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Principal Changes
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11/2/2012
Definitions moved to front of book
Preamble to Section C of Part 2, Marks and Obstructions
Rule 18, Mark Room and Definition Mark-Room
Rule 20, Room to Tack at an Obstruction
Rule 18.5, Exoneration, moved to new rule 21
New rule 55: “A competitor shall not intentionally put trash in the
water.”
Rule 28, Sailing the Course
Rule 69
Rule 86, Changes to the Racing Rules
Appendix F, Appeals, Moved to Appendix R
New US Sailing Appendix T, Dispute Resolution
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Changes Related to
Mark-Room
Zone [3 lengths – can’t be changed by Sis] (Rule 86)
Mark-Room Room for a boat to leave a mark on the required side. Also,
(a) room to sail to the mark when her proper course is to sail close to
it, and
(b) room to round the mark as necessary to sail the course.
However, mark-room for a boat does not include room to tack unless she
is overlapped inside and to windward of the boat required to give markroom and she would be fetching the mark after her tack.
Rule 18.2(c) When a boat is required to give mark-room by rule 18.2(b),
(1) she shall continue to do so even if later an overlap is broken or a
new overlap begins;
(2) if she becomes overlapped inside the boat entitled to markroom, she shall also give that boat room to sail her proper course
while they remain overlapped.
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Other Rule 18 Changes
• Rule 18.2(e) If a boat obtained an inside overlap from clear
astern or by tacking to windward of the other boat and,
from the time the overlap began, the outside boat has
been unable to give mark-room, she is not required to give
it.
• Rule 18.5, Exoneration, has been moved – now rule 21
• Rule 18.3 now begins “If a boat in the zone passes head to
wind and is then on the same tack …”
− Far more readable
− Avoids “… subject to rule 13 in the zone …”
− Moves the tack about a boatlength closer to the mark
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Mark-Room at Passing Marks
1. No unnecessary right to sail to the mark at passing
marks or at the pin on the finishing line
Under 2009-2013
RRS, X could sail to
the pin and shut A
out. No longer
true, because X’s
proper course does
not take her close
to the pin.
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Mark-Room at
Turning Marks
2. Room at the mark is essentially what it was supposed
to be, pre-2009: A boat only gets what she needs to
sail to the mark, round it, and head for the next mark
2009-2012
11/2/2012
2013-2016
(and before 2009)
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New Rule 18.2(c)(2)
3.
If a boat required to give room under rule 18.2(b) becomes
overlapped inside –
she has to give the other boat room to sail her proper course
Course to next mark
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Implication of “Proper
Course” in Rule 18.2(c)(2)
4.
This means rule-18 rights to “shut the door” are still limited
to proper course, as in 2009-2012
Course to next mark
Here, Blue breaks rule
16.1, Changing Course,
and is not exonerated
because she is not taking
mark-room under rule
18.2(b), nor room to sail
her proper course under
rule 18.2(c)(2)
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Other Changes Involving
Rule 18
• The Preamble to Section C of Part 2 no longer says,
“When rules 19 or 20 apply, rule 18 does not.”
− The part about rule 20 was problematic:
When does rule 20 “apply”? When does it stop applying?
Do we really want to remove, say, rule 18.3?
− Rule 19.1 already lays out the relationship between rule 19 and
rule 18
• Rule 18.5, Exoneration, is not really gone!
− It’s been promoted to new rule 21, Exoneration
− Exoneration now applies to boats taking room to which they are
entitled under all Section C rules, not just under rule 18
− Important consequence: Exoneration now applies at
obstructions as well as marks
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Rule 20
• Reorganized for readability
• Makes it clear that a hailed boat must respond to illegal
hails
• Expressly allows hailed boat to “pass the hail along” to
another boat
Yellow’s hail
was illegal
under pre2013 rules
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Rule 69
• Rule 69.1 is now a rule that can be broken
• Rule 69.3 has a new standard of proof: “comfortable
satisfaction” of the protest committee
− This is stronger than “preponderance of the evidence” but
weaker than “beyond a reasonable doubt”
− It would seem to require unanimity, or at least no minority
position after deliberation
• Rule 69.1 applies only to “competitors”, but rule 69.3
allows MNAs to take action “against the competitor or
boat, or other person involved …”
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Why the New Appendix T
Dispute Resolution?
• Sailors are not doing their turns
− Rule 44 requires instant recognition of breach
− The Two-Turn Penalty is onerous, especially in big boats
• Sailors are not enforcing the rules
− Protest hearings are not quick, not short, and not fun
− DSQ is huge compared to doing turns
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Encourage voluntary penalties by specifying 1 turn instead of 2
Allow boats to take penalties some time after the incident
Make protest meetings quicker and shorter
Use arbitration when appropriate
• Arbitration has been around for decades, but never
specified in the RRS
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Appendix T
Four sections, each of which can be invoked by SIs:
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Section A, Penalties While Racing
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1Turn instead of 2, except for fouls in zone
Section B, Post-Race Penalties
− 20% before protest time limit, 30% before protest hearing
− Gives boats a chance to “do the right thing”
− Can be used with or without arbitration
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Section C, Expedited Hearings
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Idea: Quick, short protest hearings
Hearing gets underway ASAP – maybe on dock upon arrival
PC controls evidence
Appealable, but no reopening
Essentially the same system used in TR, MR, college sailing
Section D, Arbitration
− From US Judges Manual, with some mods
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Summary of Changes:
Definitions – Part 2
(Potential game changes in bold)
Definitions have been moved to the front of the book.
Def. Finish – “from course side” v. “from direction of the last mark”.
Def. Keep Clear – “making contact” (not necessarily with the other boat in the rule).
Def. Mark – object must be “accidentally” attached in order to not be part of the mark.
Def. Mark-Room – Removes “to” vs. “at” distinction of 2009-2012 RRS. Only gives room to sail to the mark if
the boat’s proper course is to sail close to it; grants “room to round the mark as necessary to sail the course”,
which can be much less than proper course. But see also new rule 18.3(c)(2).
Def. Party – for redress, adds the person or organization alleged to have made an improper act or omission.
See change to rule 62.1.
Def. Room – “including space to comply with her obligations under the rules of Part 2 and rule 31”.
Part 2 Preamble – “right of way” slight wording change.
14(b) “exonerated” instead of “shall not be penalized”.
Preamble to Section C of Part 2 – “When rule 20 applies, rules 18 and 19 do not” deleted.
18.2(c)(2) Tied into new mark-room definition.
18.2(e) “or by tacking to windward of the other boat”
18.3 passes head to wind and is then on same tack …
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Order of rule: Hailing, Responding, Passing On a Hail to an Additional Boat
Makes it clear that a boat must respond to an improper hail; allows passing the hail on to another boat even
if the initial conditions for hailing do not apply to the middle boat.
21 EXONERATION Moves exoneration from rule 18 to cover all of Section C -- big deal for rule 19.
Old rules 21, 22 renumbered as 22, 23.
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Summary of Changes:
Parts 3, 4
22.3 (previously 21.3) “moving astern through the water”.
25.3 RC may use shapes for flags, as long as they look right.
28 Made two separate rules – sailing the course and string rule. No real change.
41(a) “help for a crew member … in danger”.
41(e) delete recovery of crew member overboard – covered by (a).
41 “However, a boat that gains a significant advantage in the race from help received under rule 41(a) may be
protested and penalized; any penalty may be less than disqualification.”
42.3(e) (new rule) “If a batten is inverted, the boat’s crew may pump the sail until the batten is no longer
inverted. This action is not permitted if it clearly propels the boat.”
42.3(h) “after colliding with a vessel …” (used to be “boat”).
44.1 makes the scoring penalty an “alternative” (so by default either one or the other applies, not both).
44.1(b) makes clear that the penalty is included in deciding whether she gains an advantage.
49.2 Crew may sit with heads outside lifelines regardless of the material of the lifelines. Lifelines must comply
with the ISAF OSR.
50.4 Headsails can have big roaches – 75% midgirth – and still not be spinnakers.
55 “A competitor shall not intentionally put trash in the water.” (Applies at all times on the water.) Moves a
common SI into the RRS.
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Summary of Changes:
Parts 5-7
60.1 “A boat may … protest another boat, but not for an alleged breach of a rule of Part 2 or rule 31
unless she was involved in or saw the incident;”
61.1(a)(3) Clarifies that a boat may protest under rule 28 any time until just after the other boat finishes.
62.1 extends redress for improper actions or omissions by OA, measurer, etc.
63.6 “testimony of parties present …”
63.6 “A member of the protest committee who saw the incident shall, while the parties are present, state
that fact and may give evidence.”
64.1 “When the protest committee decides that a boat … has broken a rule and is not exonerated, it shall
disqualify her …” Also, some reorganization – in particular, exoneration for being compelled to break a
rule is now rule 64.1(a), not 64.1(c).
67 Delete the rule – deals with rule 42 enforcement when App P is in effect. Duplicates provisions in App
P.
69 Broken into 4 rules: 1. prohibiting misconduct; 2. laying out the procedure; 3. MNA actions; 4. ISAF
actions. Only substantive changes: 69.1(c) specifies a standard of proof as “comfortable satisfaction” of
the protest committee.
71.2 Allows MNAs to appoint new protest committees when upholding appeals.
76.1 Basically adopts the US procedure for excluding competitors, but not the US standard against race,
religion, etc.
78.2 No valid measurement certificate – simply cleans up wording.
81 Change in event dates – cleans up wording.
86.1 Can no longer change the zone size in SIs.
89.1 Obscure changes about who can serve as OAs. Defines “affiliated”.
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