Transcript International Trade

国际货代专业英语
International Freight Forwarding English
Unit 1 International Trade
Unit 1 International Trade
Teaching Objectives:
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To grasp the related the technical forms;
To understand the general information of international trade;
Teching procedures:
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Background information introduction and warm-up discussion;
New words and expressions;
Text learning( questions and answers+ difficult points explanation;
Practice and exercises.
1.Background information 背景知识
国际贸易：货物贸易
技术贸易
服务贸易
定义：
国际贸易是指世界上各国（地区）之
间进行的商品和服务的交换活动。
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概念区分：
Foreign trade对外贸易
Internationa trade国际贸易
国际贸易的分类
按货物移动方向：
出口贸易(Export Trade)
进口贸易(Import Trade)
过境贸易(Transit Trade）
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按商品形态划分：
有形贸易(Visible Trade)
无形贸易(Invisible Trade)
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按贸易是否有第三国参与划
分：
直接贸易(Direct Trade)
间接贸易(Indirect Trade)
转口贸易(Transit Trade)
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按贸易参加国的数目划分：
双边贸易(Bilateral Trade)
多边贸易(Multilateral Trade)
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国际贸易的特点
1. 是一项具有涉外性质的
商业活动：
经济利益、涉外活动
2. 贸易环境错综复杂，变
化多端：
不同的政治制度、法律体系、文化背景、价值
观念等
3. 风险远比国内贸易大：
距离远、自然灾害、意外事件、国际市场情况、
恐怖、海盗
4. 线长、面广、中间环节
多：
商检、仓储、运输、保险、金融、车站、港口、
海关等部门
5. 竞争异常激烈：
商品、市场、技术、服务质量等
Warm-up discussion
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1. What is international trade? What is
foreign trade?
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2. Why should we learn international trade
before we learn international freight
forwarding?
2. New words and expressions生词与表达
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Gross Domestic Product(GDP)
国内生产总值
Outsourcing 外包
Factors of production 生产要素
Multilateral trade 多边贸易
The International Monetary Fund
国际货币基金组织
The World Bank 世界银行
Important uses
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Multi-: pref. 表示“多，多种，多个”之义
e.g multinational 多国的，n.跨国公司
multicultural （融合、具有）多种文化的
multilateral 多边的
multiplication 增加，乘数，乘法运算
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专业特性的词汇：
offer: 提议，提供
order:命令，订购
customs clearance
quotation 引语，引用
出价
订购，订单
报关
报价单，行情表
Labor-intensive 劳动密集型
知识密集型 ：knowledge - intensive
Text:
1.Definition
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What is international trade?
It is the exchange of capital, goods, and services
across international borders or territories.
2. Importance of International Trade
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1. It is crucial to the continuance of
globalization;
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2. It is a major source of economic revenue
for any nation that is considered a world
power.
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3. Without international trade, nations
would be limited to the goods and services
produced within their own borders.
3. Differences between International
trade and Domestic Trade
Key words: costly
more mobile
1. International trade is typically more costly than
domestic trade.
Why? additional costs: tariffs,
time costs,
country differences
2. The factors of production are typically more
mobile within a country than across national
borders.
4. Risks in International Trade
Economic risks:
1. insolvency;
2.
failure to pay the amount;
3.
non-acceptance;
4.
exchange rate,
and so on
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Political risks:
Cancellation or nonrenewal of export or
import licences;
War risks;
Risks of expropriation or
confiscation of the
importer’s company;
Risk of imposition of an
import ban after the
shipment of the goods;
Transfer risk;
Influences of political
parties.
5. WTO: World Trade Organization
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Four basic functions:
1. to implement, administer, and carry out the
WTO agreement and its annexes;
2. to act as a forum;
3. to serve as a tribunal;
4. to review the trade policies and practices of
member states.
Additionally, WTO is to cooperate IMF and World
Bank.
6. Barriers to Internation Trade
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What is a trade barrier(贸易壁垒）?
A trade barrier is a general term that
describes any government policy or regulation
that restricts international trade.
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Including:
import duties
import licenses, export licenses,
import quotas,
tariffs,
subsidies and non-tariff barriers to trade
7. Steps of International Trade
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Seeking customers
Contact each other by sending inquiries
Status inquiry
Quotations or offers; acceptance or non-acceptance
Order; contract
Obtaining import / export license; opening L/C / receiving L/C, if
any
Preparation of goods by the seller
Inspection or survey of goods
Reserving shipping space either by the seller or buyer,
depending on the trade terms
Effecting insurance
Customs clearance and loading
Shipping advice
Negotiation of exprot documents under L/C by the beneficiary
Redemption of documents under L/C
Customs clerance for import
Delivery of goods
Lodging and settling claims (if any)
7. Practice and exercises
Write “T” for true and “F” for false.
1.If two nations repeatedly use trade barriers against
each other, it is beneficial to both nations. ______
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2. A trade barrier is really a barrier that makes it
difficult for people to do business between nations.
_______
3. In international trade, both political risks and
economic risks are involved. ______
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1.
多项选择题
Many factors are having a major impact on the international trade
system. They are Industrialization, advanced transportation,
_____, multinational corporations, and _____.
A. outsourcing
B. globalization
C. domestic production D. labor force
2.
Costs associated with countries such as___, ____ or a different
culture may make international trade more costly than domestic
trade.
A. / B. language C. legal system D. political difference
3.
When we talk about the factors of production, we refer them to
such factors as _____ .
A. capital B. labor C. technology D. information
4.
Economic risks include ______.
A. the risk of insolvency of the buyer
B. the risk of failure of the buyer to settle the payment
C. the risk of non-acceptance
D. the risk of exchange rate
英译汉
Gross domestic product
Labor-intensive goods
International finance
The International
Monetary Fund
Multinational
corporation
Inspection of goods
Lodge a claim
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Reference answer
国民生产总值
劳动密集型产品
国际金融
国际货币基金组织
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跨国公司
商品检验
提出索赔
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汉译英
生产要素
进口许可证
世界银行
清关
舱位
发盘
出口关税
多边贸易
世界贸易组织
贸易壁垒
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Reference answers
factors of production
import license
the World Bank
customer clearance
shipping space
make an offer
export duties
multinational trade
World Trade Organization
a trade barrier
Thank you!