Transcript 3.2 Organs and Systems

3.2 ORGANS AND ORGAN
SYSTEMS
HOOK (VIDEO)
AGENDA
 Hook
Video on Bicycle Riding
 From
Cells to Tissues to Organs
 Types
 The
of Organ systems
Digestive Organ System
NOTE: TUESDAY QUIZ
ON THE DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
FROM CELLS TO TISSUES AND ORGANS



Human stem cells differentiate into epithelial,
muscle, nervous, and connective cells. These
accumulate to become tissues.
These tissues are organized to form organs,
which are designed to perform a specific function.
The organs are used to form organ systems
which together provide everything necessary to
keep the organism (human) alive.
HIERARCHY OF ANIMAL
SYSTEMS
Organ Systems (Circulatory, Digestive,
Respiratory, etc.)
Organs (Heart, Liver, Intestine,
Blood Vessel, etc.)
Tissues (Connective,
Muscular, etc.)
Specialized Cells
(Blood, Heart,
Bone, etc)
Stem
Cells
T-P-S: NAME THE ORGAN
SYSTEMS
ORGAN SYSTEMS IDENTIFIED
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
Muscular
Skeletal
Nervous System
Endocrine
Circulatory
Integumentary
Lymphatic
(Immune)
Respiratory
Digestive
Excretory
Reproductive
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
The digestive system has 4 primary
functions:

Ingestion

Digestion

Absorption

Egestion
INGESTION & EGESTION
 Ingestion
refers to
the consumption of a
substance (1st step).
 Egestion
refers to the
removal of unwanted
materials from the
body. (Last step)
DIGESTION
 Digestion
is the mechanical and chemical
breakdown of food into smaller
components. (2nd step)

It is the breakdown of large food molecules into
smaller ones.
ABSORPTION (FIG. 3.16)

Absorption is the process by which digested food
nutrients and water are taken from the intestine
and moved throughout the body. (3rd step)
Body (Through Blood Vessels)
Body (Through Blood Vessels)
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM LABELLED
Gallbladder
Pancreas
IN CLASS WORK/HOMEWORK

Newspaper article (Due Monday)

Read pages 85-92.



Read pages 93-99 for the quiz on Tuesday
November 15


Answer Questions 1,3, 4 (page 90)
Answer questions #4-8 (page 92)
Answer questions #1-3 (page 99)
Read ahead to the circulatory system (pages 100102)
HOOK VIDEO
LABEL THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
COMPONENTS
SCENARIO: EATING A BURGER




The burger enters the oral cavity
(i.e. the mouth)
A bite is taken out of the burger and
chewing proceeds (mechanical
digestion)
The salivary glands secrete amylase
to breakdown the carbohydrates.
(chemical digestion)
Once the food has been broken down
into small enough pieces, the food is
swallowed.
DOWN THE OESOPHAGUS TO THE
STOMACH
 The
partly digested food travels through the
pharynx down the oesophagus through
peristaltic contractions.
DIGESTION IN THE STOMACH
 The
food passes through a sphincter into the
stomach where gastric juices surround the
food.

Hydrochloric acid and the enzyme pepsin break
down most of the protein. (chemical digestion)

The stomach then covers the food in mucus and
sends the food down to the small intestine
(duodenum)
THE SMALL INTESTINE


The pancreas, liver, and gall
bladder release chemicals to
help break down the food
further.
The small intestine contains
millions of tiny folds called
villi and microvilli


Provides increased area for
absorption
Nutrients and water can be
reabsorbed into the bloodstream
THE LARGE INTESTINE
 Includes
the colon, rectum, and anus
 Mainly absorbs water


Also absorbs vitamins and various salts
Undigested food leaves as feces (E.g. Corn)
VIDEO/MULTIMEDIA TOOL

http://kitses.com/animation/swfs/digestion.swf
REVIEW SNOWBALL ACTIVITY
(QUESTIONS)
 Take
out a blank sheet
of paper
 Skim
through pages 9799 in the textbook.
 Create
questions to
review The Digestive
System
 Begin
the snowball
activity
BREAK TIME (5-10 MIN)
EXAMINING HUMAN ORGANS AND
SYSTEMS
Old Method
 Exploratory surgery
New Methods
 Medical imaging technologies
X-ray
 CT or CAT scan
 Ultrasound
 MRI Scan

X-RAY


Transmits electromagnetic waves that radiate
through the body.
Since bone is dense, the radiation is absorbed.

Produces an image of bone structure
CT OR CAT SCAN

Makes use of X-rays to get thin slices of a body
part.

Each slice is computerized and joined to form a 3D
image
ULTRASOUND

Makes use of high frequency sound waves.

Waves are directed at a body part for a period of time
in order to examine movement
MRI


Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Uses radio signals in a magnetic field to
create images of body parts
IN CLASS WORK/ HOMEWORK
 Read/Review
The Digestive System
(pages 96-99) for the quiz on
Tuesday November 15
 Read
ahead to the circulatory system
(pages 100-102)