Transcript FRENCH HIGH GOTHIC NOTRE –DAME- DE - PARIS, 1200 -1345

FRENCH HIGH GOTHIC
NOTRE –DAME- DE - PARIS, 1200 -1345 (LOOKING NORTH)
HIGH GOTHIC -- FOUR LEVELS, TOP 2 = WINDOWS
NOTRE-DAME DE PARIS (ON ÎLE DE LA CITÉ),
LOOKING EAST
NOTRE-DAME DE PARIS – EXTERIOR VIEW OF
APSE – AND A ROOF GARGOYLE
FLYING BUTTRESS, NOTRE-DAME DE PARIS
NOTE TRACERY – ALSO TRUE GARGOYLES
VIRGIN AND CHILD
(VIRGIN OF PARIS), NOTREDAME, PARIS, FRANCE,
EARLY 14TH CENTURY.
“HUMANIZING”
NATURALISM
SAINT-CHAPELLE,
INTERIOR OF THE
UPPER CHAPEL,
1243–1248 (ALSO ON
ÎLE DE LA CITÉ)
RAYONNANT
6,250’ OF STAINED
CLASS – MORE
GLASS THAN WALLS
PATRON: LOUIS IX
(ST. LOUIS)
ANOTHER VIEW OF THE
UPPER CHAPEL AT SAINTCHAPELLE – WITH SWARMS
OF TOURISTS
NOTE THAT THE RIBS OVER
THE ALTAR ARE PURELY
DECORATIVE, NOT
STRUCTURAL
ROBERT DE
LUZARCHES,
THOMAS DE
CORMONT, AND
RENAUD DE
CORMONT, WEST
FACADE OF
AMIENS
CATHEDRAL,
AMIENS, FRANCE,
BEGUN 1220
EAST FAÇADE OF AMIENS CATHEDRAL
INTERIOR OF
AMIENS CATHEDRAL
(LOOKING EAST)
HEIGHT, LIGHTNESS
AND LIGHT!
VAULTS,
CLERESTORY, AND
TRIFORIUM OF THE
CHOIR OF AMIENS
CATHEDRAL
CHRIST (BEAU DIEU),
TRUMEAU STATUE OF
CENTRAL DOORWAY,
WEST FACADE,
AMIENS CATHEDRAL
A “KINDER,
GENTLER” JESUS
AND HE’S REACHING
OUT OF THE TRUMEAU
WEST FAÇADE OF
REIMS CATHEDRAL,
REIMS, FRANCE ©
1225–1290.
WHAT’S NEW?
STAINED GLASS
TYMPANAE
VERTICALITY
REIMS
CATHEDRAL,
NAVE, LOOING
EAST
ANNUNCIATION
AND VISITATION,
JAMB SCULPTURES
OR CENTRAL
DOOR, WEST
PORTAL, REIMS
ALMOST CLASSICAL
NATURALISM,
CONTRAPPOSTO
(AND “OUT OF THE
BOX”)
FRENCH LATE GOTHIC
PIERRE ROBIN AND
AMBROSE HAREN,
SAINT-MACLOU,
WESTERN FAÇADE.
ROUEN, FRANCE
© 1500–1514.
FLAMBOYANT!
MANY DECORATIVE
(NON-STRUCTURAL)
ELEMENTS
SECULAR FRENCH “GOTHIC”
ARCHITECTURE
RESTORED AERIAL VIEW OF THE FORTIFIED TOWN OF CARCASSONNE,
FRANCE. BASTIONS AND TOWERS, 12TH–13TH Cs.
EXPULSION OF THE CATHARS FROM CARCASSONNE
HALL OF THE CLOTH
GUILD, BRUGES,
BELGIUM, BEGUN 1230
SECULAR COMPETING
WITH SACRED!
HOUSE OF JACQUES
COEUR, BOURGES,
FRANCE, 1443–1451
MERCHANTS AS
RICH AS SOME
NOBLES,
INCREASING
SECULAR POWER!
ENGLISH GOTHIC
ARCHITECTURE
SPECIFIC GOALS:
 UNDERSTAND THE DECORATED AND
PERPENDICULAR VARIATIONS OF THE GOTHIC
STYLE IN ENGLAND.
 EXAMINE THE COMPLEX TOMBS OF ROYALTY
AND OTHER ART FORMS IN GOTHIC ENGLAND.
AERIAL VIEW OF SALISBURY CATHEDRAL, SALISBURY, ENGLAND, 1220–
1258; WEST FACADE COMPLETED 1265; SPIRE © 1320–1330.
SALISBURY CATHEDRAL
WEST FAÇADE,
SALISBURY
CATHEDRAL
HOW DIFFERENT
FROM FRENCH?
SHORT, WIDER
THAN NAVE,
FEWER
WINDOWS,
RELIEFS, 5
LEVELS, TOWER
OVER CROSSING
PLAN, SALISBURY CATHEDRAL
LONG AXIS TYPICALLY ENGLISH (COMPARE
DURHAM), DOUBLE TRANSEPTS ROMANESQUE,
BUT GOTHIC RECTANGULAR NAVE BAYS AND
SQUARE AISLE BAYS
NAVE, SALISBURY
CATHEDRAL
LIKE FRENCH:
TRIPARTITE ELEVATION,
QUADRIPARTITE RIBBED
VAULTS
DIFFERENT:
OVERALL HORIZONTAL
ORIENTATION, LESS
UNITY (RIBS SPRING
FROM CORBELS, NOT
THE PIERS), NO ROSE, NO
STAINED GLASS
(ORIGINALLY), LANCETS
BUT NO OCULI, LESS
LIGHT
CHOIR OF GLOUCESTER CATHEDRAL (LOOKING
EAST), GLOUCESTER, ENGLAND, 1332–1357
PERPENDICULAR STYLE – PURELY ORNAMENTAL
"VAULT RIBS"
GLOUCESTER
NAVE VAULTS, GLOUCESTER CATHEDRAL
ROBERT AND WILLIAM VERTUE, FAN VAULTS, CHAPEL
OF HENRY VII, WESTMINSTER ABBEY, LONDON
NAVE AND APSE,
CHAPEL OF
HENRY VII,
WESTMINSTER
ABBEY
TOMB OF
EDWARD II,
GLOUCESTER
CATHEDRAL,
GLOUCESTER,
ENGLAND, ©
1330–1335
EXAMPLE OF
THE ENGLISH
ROYAL TOMB
GERMAN GOTHIC
SPECIFIC GOALS:
 UNDERSTAND THE BUILDING OF THE COLOGNE
CATHEDRAL AND ITS EMPHASIS ON HEIGHT.
 ANALYZE THE STRUCTURE AND ORIGINS OF
THE GERMAN HALLENKIRKE AND WHY IT DIFFERS
FROM THE FRENCH-INFLUENCED GOTHIC.
 ANALYZE THE EMOTIONAL EXPRESSION AND
DRAMA OF THE GERMAN GOTHIC SCULPTURE.
 EXAMINE THE COMPLEX ALTARS, SHRINES,
AND RELIQUARIES OF THE GERMAN GOTHIC.
GEHRHARD OF COLOGNE, COLOGNE CATHERDRAL, BEGUN
1248, COMPLETED 1888, AERIAL VIEW LOOKING NORTH
COLOGNE CATHEDRAL – THE EASTERN END IS
13TH- C. (BUT REST IS SUPPOSELY BUILT TO
ORIGINAL PLAN). NAVE, 422’ LONG. IT HAS
DOUBLE AISLES (DIFFERENT FROM FRENCH
AND ENGLISH)
CHOIR AND APSE, COLOGNE CATHEDRAL (150’ HIGH)
HAS LIGHTNESS AND UNITY OF FRENCH GOTHIC, BUT
HEIGHT GIVES IT SOME PERPENDICULARITY
SAINT ELIZABETH,
MARBURG, 1235- 1283,
WESTERN FAÇADE
EXTERIOR CLOSER TO
OTTONIAN/
ROMANESQUE THAN
FRENCH GOTHIC (NO
TRACERY, NO
SCULPTURE
HALLENKIRCHE – HALL
CHURCH – ALSO
ROMANESQUE
SAINT
ELIZABETH’S,
MARBURG,
EASTERN END
(APSE) – NO
RADIATING
CHAPELS, NO
BUTTRESSES
(BECAUSE
WALLS ARE
MASSIVE)
INTERIOR OF
SAINT
ELIZABETH'S:
HALL
CHURCH
WITH
GOTHIC
RIBBED
VAULTS AND
LANCET
WINDOWS
STRASBOURG
CATHEDRAL,
WESTERN FAÇADE,
STRASBOURG
FRANCE (ALSACE),
1176 - 1240
LOWER PART OF WEST PORTAL, STRASBOURG
CATHEDRAL
FLYING BUTTRESSES, STRASBOURG CATHEDRAL
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/comm
ons/3/35/Frontispice_cath%C3%A9drale_Stras
bourg.JPG
DEATH OF THE VIRGIN, TYMPANUM OF LEFT DOORWAY, SOUTH
TRANSEPT, STRASBOURG CATHEDRAL
NOTE COMPOSITION, NATURALISM AND EMOTION (AND
INTERTWINING ON ARCHIVOLT)
ECKEHARD AND UTA
STATUES IN THE WEST
CHOIR, NAUMBURG
CATHEDRAL
NAUMBURG,
GERMANY © 1249-1255
PAINTED LIMESTONE
6’ 2” HIGH
POWER AND
AUTHORITY
EQUESTRIAN
PORTRAIT (BAMBERG
RIDER), STATUE IN
THE EAST CHOIR,
BAMBERG
CATHEDRAL,
GERMANY © 1235–
1240. SANDSTONE, 7’
9” HIGH.
MAINLY A CURIOSITY