Transcript Ch. 4 Practice Test reformatted

Warm-up
Ch. 4 Practice Test
Suppose you want to study the effect of calculator use (yes or no) on
the mathematics course grade for 6th grade students at a local middle
school. In the upcoming school year, the middle school will have a
total of 500 6th grade students.
a. You are given permission to randomly assign students to their
math classes. At this middle school there are 25
students/classroom. Describe an experiment for such a study
using the classroom as the experimental unit. Be sure to describe
all needed randomization and identify the treatment(s) and the
response variable.
b. Name the primary source of within treatment variation for your
design.
4.4 E 38 and 40
38. The 23 experimental units are assigned randomly to the four groups.
The treatment for one group is a special exercise program. The treatment
for another group is a standard exercise program. The other two groups
were not given any special exercise or instructions but one group had to
check in every week. The other group had to check in only at the end of the
experiment. The response being measured was when the infants were able
to walk on their own.
40. Rats were randomly assigned to the three groups. The three groups
were new treatment, old treatment, and no treatment. Assuming the rats
did not have stomach lesions before the treatment, random assignment
seems appropriate. If rats do have stomach lesions, blocking would be
necessary (no, some, and many stomach lesions)
The experimental units were the rats. The response variable is the length of
stomach lesions.
There is no placebo. Rats may not be aware of the treatment if it is being
mixed in their water or food, so a placebo is not necessary. If rats are being
handled for the medication, a placebo could be necessary because the
stress of being handled may add to their stomach lesions
Student of the day!
Block 4
Student of the day!
Block 5
Student of the day!
Block 6
Directions for Practice Test
• Complete the practice test quietly by yourself for the first 30
minutes.
• After the 30 minutes, you may discuss the answers at your tables.
• The answers will be displayed and then you may ask questions.
• Have your vocabulary numbered #1-37 and notes with warm-ups
ready for the Notebook Check.
• H.W. is pg. 284 AP #1 – 8
Practice Test Answers
1. A random selection in a sample survey reduces bias in
such a way that the results represent the population.
2. In an experimental study, treatments are randomly
assigned to the subjects under study, whereas in an
observational study, the conditions of interest are already
built in.
3. C
8. D
4. B
9. C
5. D, because this will reduce within treatment variability
6. C
10. B
7. A
Practice Test Answers Continued…
11. An example could be taking a random sample of college level
biology class students and trying to estimate the average class size.
By taking a random sample, students in the larger classes are more
likely to be selected, thus creating a larger result.
Another example is selecting states for surveys by dropping grains of
rice on a map. Larger states are more likely to be selected due their
larger representation on the map.
12. Temperature and time of year are lurking variables in the strongly
associated variables.
13. a. The factors are the textbooks and class size.
b. The 6 treatments are the different combinations of class size
(small, medium, and large) and textbook (old, new).
c. There are 60 classes for the experimental units.
d. The response variable is the final grade average.
Practice Test Answers Continued…
14. The experiment can be improved by changing the order in which
the participants try the three chips. Also the researchers should
randomly select participants for the study. Researchers should also try
more than one location to select participants.
15 a.
15 b. Explain how you would assign each
male and female a # 1- 10 to randomly assign 5 to Treatment A, the
5 males or females remaining are placed in Treatment B.
Vocabulary Demystified
Sampling
Response Bias
Experimental Study
Biased
Non -or unrepresentative
nonresponse
incorrect
questionnaire
blind study
double-blind study
matched pair
block design
Voluntary
Judgment
Convenience
Random types of Sampling
Simple random sample
Stratified
Systematic
Cluster
Two-stage cluster
Observational Study
Study where there is no treatment units are
not manipulated … ( There is a matched pair…)
Rolling Down the River Activity
Part 1 – The farmer was looking for a sampling method that best
represented the yield of the entire 100 plots.
He was not looking for the highest sample, because that would
make the total yield of the 100 plots higher than it would
actually be and remember he wanted know if harvesting the
field, in the first place, was worth the expense.
Part 2 - You should have noticed that stratified was best when
there was a lurking variable creating a pattern in the plot
yield. (Part 1)
SRS is best when there is no pattern in plot yield (Part 2)
H.W. and next class
H.W. is pg 284 AP #1-8.
Next class we will review for the test only half the
block. The other half of the block we will start 5.1.
H.W. for next class is to read 5.1 and define the
terms.