Transcript CHAPTER 5 REVIEW

CHAPTER 6 REVIEW
CELL ORGANIZATION
• A. THERE ARE UNICELLULAR AND
MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS.
• B. UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS
INCLUDE BACTERIA, PROTOZOA,
MANY ALGAE, AND SOME FUNGI.
• C. A COLONY OR A COLONIAL
ORGANISM IS OF FEW TO MANY
CELLS LOOSELY ASSOCIATED.
• D. A COLONIAL ORGANISM SHOWS
LITTLE OR NO SPECIALIZATION
AMONGST THE CELLS. VOLVOX IS
A COLONIAL ORGANISM WITH
SOME SPECIALIZATION.
• MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS
SHOW SPECIALIZATION OF CELLS
WITH THE FORMATION OF TISSUES
AND ORGANS..
• WHAT PLASTIDS USE LIGHT
ENERGY TO MAKE FOOD?
• CHLOROPLASTS
• WHAT IS A GROUP OF SIMILAR
CELLS THAT ARE GROUPED TO
PERFORM THE SAME FUNCTION?
• TISSUE
• WHAT IS THE NETWORK OF
MEMBRANE-ENCLOSED CANALS
ALONG WHICH MATERIALS MOVE
THROUGH THE CELL?
• ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
• WHAT ARE THE STACKED SACS
THAT PACKAGE AND STORE CELL
PRODUCTS FOR RELEASE BY THE
CELL?
• GOLGI BODIES
• WHAT ARE THE ORGANELLES
THAT CONTAIN DIGESTIVE OR
HYDROLYTIC ENZYMES?
• LYSOSOMES
• WHAT ARE FLUID-FILLED
ORGANELLES THAT ARE USUALLY
MUCH LARGER IN PLANT THAN IN
ANIMAL CELLS?
• VACUOLES
• IN WHAT GENERAL TYPE OF
CELLULAR TRANSPORT IS CELL
ENERGY (ATP) NEEDED?
• ACTIVE TRANSPORT
• THROUGH WHAT PROCESS CAN
MATERIALS THAT CANNOT
DIFFUSE THROUGH THE CELL
MEMBRANE BE BROUGHT INTO
THE CELL?
• ENDOCYTOSIS
• WHAT IS THE CELL MATERIAL
WHICH LIES BETWEEN THE
NUCLEUS AND THE CELL
MEMBRANE?
• CYTOPLASM (CYTOSOL)
• WHAT GROUP ARE SIMPLE CELLS
THAT LACK A NUCLEAR
MEMBRANE PLACED IN?
• PROKARYOTIC
• WHICH PART OF THE CELL
THEORY DID REDI CAST DOUBT
UPON?
• SPONTANEOUS GENERATION
• WHAT CELLULAR STRUCTURE
PRODUCES RIBOSOMES?
• NUCLEOLUS
• NAME THE TWO TYPES OF ER AND
EXPLAIN WHAT EACH IS MOST
LIKELY TO BE TRANSPORTING.
• ROUGH (PROTEIN) AND SMOOTH
(LIPIDS)
• WHAT STRUCTURES ARE UNIQUE TO
PLANT CELLS?
• PLASTIDS (CHROMOPLASTS,
LEUCOPLASTS, CHLOROPLASTS),
CENTRAL VACUOLE, CELL WALL
• HOW IS DIFFUSION DIFFERENT
FROM FACILITATED DIFFUSION?
• FACILITATED DIFFUSION IS
DIFFUSION INVOLVING A CARRIER.
• NAME TWO TYPES OF
ENDOCYTOSIS.
• PHAGOCYTOSIS AND PINOCYTOSIS
• IF ELODEA CELLS WERE PLACED
IN WATER THAT HAD A VERY HIGH
SALT CONCENTRATION, WHAT
WOULD BE THE VISIBLE EFFECTS
ON THE CELLS?
• THE CELLS WOULD SHRINK DUE TO
THE HYPERTONIC SOLUTION WATER MOVES OUT OF THE CELL.
• IF YOU REMOVED CHEEK CELLS
FROM YOUR MOUTH AND PLACED
THEM IN DISTILLED WATER, WHAT
WOULD BE THE OBSERVED
EFFECT?
• THE CELLS WOULD SWELL DUE TO
THE HYPOTONIC SOLUTION
SURROUNDING THEM- WATER
WOULD MOVE INTO THE CELL.
• WHAT WOULD BE THE VISIBLE
EFFECTS OF PLACING ELODEA
CELLS IN A HYPOTONIC
SOLUTION?
• NONE - THE CELL WALLS WOULD
PREVENT SWELLING.
• Explain what would happen to the
appearance of a plant that had a large
amount of fertilizer added to it without any
water.
• EXPLAIN WHAT WOULD HAPPEN TO
THE CELLS OF A FRESH WATER
GOLDFISH PLACED INTO A SALT
WATER AQUARIUM.
Misc. vocab
• Fluid mosaic model
• cytoskeleton- microtubulesmicrofilaments
• endosymbiosis
• lamellae, grana, and thylakoids
• turgor pressure
• nucleoid
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Cristae
peroxisome
centriole
cilia, flagella
selectively permeable
phospholipids
mesosome
Essay concepts
• Fluid mosaic model (draw and explain)
• prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell
similarities and differences
• light vs electron microscopy
• membrane proteins, their positions and
functions
• endocytosis and exocytosis
• surface area to volume ratio