Transcript Chapter 14 - next2eden.net

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prepared by Mark Hollier,
Georgia Perimeter College Clarkston Campus
CHAPTER
14
The
Autonomic
Nervous
System
© Annie Leibovitz/Contact Press Images
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
A synonym for the autonomic nervous
system reflects its major function. The
synonym is ______.
a)
b)
c)
d)
the peripheral nervous system
the central nervous system
the involuntary nervous system
the somatic nervous system
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
A synonym for the autonomic nervous
system reflects its major function. The
synonym is ______.
a)
b)
c)
d)
the peripheral nervous system
the central nervous system
the involuntary nervous system
the somatic nervous system
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Regulation of heart rate at low normal levels
is achieved by the ______.
a)
b)
c)
d)
parasympathetic division
sympathetic division
somatic division
both A and B
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Regulation of heart rate at low normal levels
is achieved by the ______.
a)
b)
c)
d)
parasympathetic division
sympathetic division
somatic division
both A and B
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
How is it possible that norepinephrine can
cause vasoconstriction in one location but
vasodilation in another?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Sometimes norepinephrine is released by the
parasympathetic nervous system, which causes
relaxation.
Receptor types differ in these tissues.
Norepinephrine is not released by the
parasympathetic nervous system.
It can't: Its actions are predictable no matter the
tissue.
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
How is it possible that norepinephrine can
cause vasoconstriction in one location but
vasodilation in another?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Sometimes norepinephrine is released by the
parasympathetic nervous system, which causes
relaxation.
Receptor types differ in these tissues.
Norepinephrine is not released by the
parasympathetic nervous system.
It can't: Its actions are predictable no matter the
tissue.
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following sets of conditions
accurately describes the anatomy of the
parasympathetic nervous system?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Thoracolumbar origin; long preganglionic fibers;
ganglia in visceral effector organs
Craniosacral origin; short preganglionic fibers;
ganglia in visceral effector organs
Craniosacral origin; long preganglionic fibers;
ganglia in visceral effector organs
Thoracolumbar origin; short preganglionic fibers;
ganglia close to the spinal cord
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following sets of conditions
accurately describes the anatomy of the
parasympathetic nervous system?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Thoracolumbar origin; long preganglionic fibers;
ganglia in visceral effector organs
Craniosacral origin; short preganglionic fibers;
ganglia in visceral effector organs
Craniosacral origin; long preganglionic fibers;
ganglia in visceral effector organs
Thoracolumbar origin; short preganglionic fibers;
ganglia close to the spinal cord
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
The majority of preganglionic
parasympathetic fibers are housed within
which cranial nerve?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Vagus
Glossopharyngeal
Facial
Trigeminal
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
The majority of preganglionic
parasympathetic fibers are housed within
which cranial nerve?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Vagus
Glossopharyngeal
Facial
Trigeminal
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Preganglionic sympathetic fibers exit the
spinal cord via the _______ and pass
through the _______ to enter the _______.
a)
b)
c)
d)
lateral horns; posterior vagal trunk; plexus
ventral root; rami communicantes; sympathetic
trunk ganglia
dorsal root; lateral horns; vagal trunk
rami communicantes; sympathetic trunk ganglia;
ventral root
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Preganglionic sympathetic fibers exit the
spinal cord via the _______ and pass
through the _______ to enter the _______.
a)
b)
c)
d)
lateral horns; posterior vagal trunk; plexus
ventral root; rami communicantes; sympathetic
trunk ganglia
dorsal root; lateral horns; vagal trunk
rami communicantes; sympathetic trunk ganglia;
ventral root
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
In general, sympathetic innervation of
visceral organs via the lumbar and sacral
splanchnic nerves inhibits the activity of
these organs. This is logical because _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)
sympathetic input primes the body to enter a
resting state
sympathetic input is always inhibitory
parasympathetic innervation is lacking from this
area
sympathetic activity primes the body for
physical activity and temporarily shuts down
noncritical body activities
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
In general, sympathetic innervation of
visceral organs via the lumbar and sacral
splanchnic nerves inhibits the activity of
these organs. This is logical because _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)
sympathetic input primes the body to enter a
resting state
sympathetic input is always inhibitory
parasympathetic innervation is lacking from this
area
sympathetic activity primes the body for
physical activity and temporarily shuts down
noncritical body activities
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Predict the outcome of an experiment in
which adrenal medulla cells are treated with
nicotine.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Blood levels of acetylcholine increase.
Blood levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine
decrease.
The adrenal medulla is inhibited by nicotine.
Blood levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine
increase.
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Predict the outcome of an experiment in
which adrenal medulla cells are treated with
nicotine.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Blood levels of acetylcholine increase.
Blood levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine
decrease.
The adrenal medulla is inhibited by nicotine.
Blood levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine
increase.
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Asthma patients suffer from attacks in
which bronchiole smooth muscle constricts,
making it hard to breathe. Albuterol, a
common asthma medication, works via
which of the following steps?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Binds to 2-adrenergic receptors to enhance
vasodilation
Binds to nicotinic receptors and inhibits epinephrine
release
Binds to and stimulates muscarinic receptors
Binds to 2-adrenergic receptors to inhibit
vasodilation
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Asthma patients suffer from attacks in
which bronchiole smooth muscle constricts,
making it hard to breathe. Albuterol, a
common asthma medication, works via
which of the following steps?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Binds to 2-adrenergic receptors to enhance
vasodilation
Binds to nicotinic receptors and inhibits epinephrine
release
Binds to and stimulates muscarinic receptors
Binds to 2-adrenergic receptors to inhibit
vasodilation
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which area of the body receives no
innervation by the parasympathetic
nervous system?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Heart
Lung bronchioles
Bladder
Sweat glands
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which area of the body receives no
innervation by the parasympathetic
nervous system?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Heart
Lung bronchioles
Bladder
Sweat glands
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
The sympathetic division is involved in
which of the following processes?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Regulating blood pressure
Increasing glucose metabolism
Decreasing urinary output
All of the above
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
The sympathetic division is involved in
which of the following processes?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Regulating blood pressure
Increasing glucose metabolism
Decreasing urinary output
All of the above
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
At the top of the autonomic nervous system
hierarchy, the ______ controls most of the
autonomic nervous system functions via the
reticular formation.
a)
b)
c)
d)
thalamus
hypothalamus
limbic system
pituitary gland
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
At the top of the autonomic nervous system
hierarchy, the ______ controls most of the
autonomic nervous system functions via the
reticular formation.
a)
b)
c)
d)
thalamus
hypothalamus
limbic system
pituitary gland
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Through the process of ______, seemingly
involuntary activities can be
voluntarily controlled.
a)
b)
c)
d)
hypnosis
biology
biofeedback
involuntary control
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Through the process of ______, seemingly
involuntary activities can be
voluntarily controlled.
a)
b)
c)
d)
hypnosis
biology
biofeedback
involuntary control
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following homeostatic
imbalances of the ANS is a life-threatening
condition involving uncontrolled activation
of autonomic neurons?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Autonomic dysreflexia
Raynaud's disease
Hypertension
Orthostatic hypotension
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following homeostatic
imbalances of the ANS is a life-threatening
condition involving uncontrolled activation
of autonomic neurons?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Autonomic dysreflexia
Raynaud's disease
Hypertension
Orthostatic hypotension
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.