The Chemistry of Chocolate
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Transcript The Chemistry of Chocolate
Topics to Cover
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History
How It is Made
Organic Compounds in Chocolate
Health Benefits
Fun Facts
Written Assignment
History
Mesoamericas
200 BC
Currency
1519
Hernán Cortés
How Chocolate is
Made
Theobroma cocoa
Greek
Theos= god ; broma =
food (“Food of the
Gods”)
Natively found in
Central and South
America
Cultivation
Ivory Coast
• Seeds = beans
• Pulp
Opened Cocoa pod
• Roasting
• Aroma
• Flavor
• Cocoa “nibs” ground
Roasting Cocoa seeds
• Chocolate Liquor
• Cocoa butter extraction
• White chocolate
Cocoa “nibs”
Main Types of
Chocolate
Dark
Purest
Mostly chocolate liquor
Milk
Some chocolate liquor and
cocoa butter
Milk fat
White
No chocolate liquor (cocoa
solids)
Mostly cocoa butter
Organic Compounds
in Chocolate
Xanthine Alkaloids
Theobromine
Phenylethylamine
Caffeine
Lecithin (soy)
Anandamide
Flavonoids
Sugars
Tannins
Many others….
Theobromine
Derived from xanthine
High concentration in
chocolate
Blocks adenosine in the
brain to reduce sleepiness
Toxicity to animals
Metabolism
Xanthine
Phenylethylamine
• Known for psychoactive
stimulant effects
• Amphetamine
•
ADD (Adderall)
• Norepinephrine and
Dopamine
Phenylethylamine
Dopamine
Amphetamine
Norepinephrine
Caffeine
Found only in small
quantities
Theobromine vs. Caffeine
Theobromine’s stimulant
effects last longer than
caffeine
Caffeine is fast acting
Caffeine has stronger effect
Withdrawal
Addiction
Caffeine in the body
Metabolism
Lecithin (Soy)
• Soy Lecithin
• emulsifier
Flavonoids/Flavols
Antioxidant
effects
Flavan-3-ol
Health Benefits
Diuretic
Reduces heart disease
Reduces chance of stroke
Cough suppressant
Tooth Decay Prevention
Anti- oxidant
Dark chocolate
Random Facts
Lethal Dose
German chocolate cake was
actually named after an American
named Sam German
Mayans sometimes used chocolate
for baptisms
People suffering from depression
eat about twice as much chocolate
as other people
One chocolate chip provides
enough energy for someone to
walk 150 feet
Written Assignment
References
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Drugs Society & Human Behavior by. Carl L. Hart, Charles Ksir, and Oakley Ray
Organic Chemistry by. Paula Yurkanis Bruice
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http://ww1.prweb.com/prfiles/2010/09/29/3966964/compressedcomal.jpg
http://images6.fanpop.com/image/photos/33300000/Cocoa-beans-chocolate33389867-800-600.jpg
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http://www.olympiacandy.com/assets/images/category-images/chocolate-coins.jpg
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/892591.stm
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http://www.indiana.edu/~oso/Fat/FatImg/lecithin.jpg
References
http://www.athenapub.com/chocolat.htm
http://facts-about-chocolate.com/how-is-chocolate-made/
http://racetams.net/2014/07/23/phenylethylamine-chocolate-benefits/
http://www.factslides.com/s-Chocolate
http://www.acs.org/content/dam/acsorg/education/resources/highschool/c
hemmatters/chocolate-the-new-health-food-or-is-it.pdf
http://thestoryofchocolate.com/What/content.cfm?ItemNumber=3439&navIte
mNumber=3442
http://www.xocoatl.org/science.htm
http://www.amanochocolate.com/articles/how-much-caffeine-is-inchocolate/
http://www.xocoatl.org/caffeine.htm
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/chem/senese/101/features/anandamide.shtml
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22301923
http://www.cocoavia.com/mars-and-cocoa-flavanols/
http://facts.randomhistory.com/chocolate-facts.html
http://brewedchoc.com/theobromine-vs-caffeine/
http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/95/3/740.full
http://www.everydayhealth.com/cold-and-flu/1210/chocolate-a-cure-for-thecommon-cough-4924.aspx