THE SENTENCE - Florida Conference of Seventh
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Transcript THE SENTENCE - Florida Conference of Seventh
By: Angélica Guerra, MS
Greater Miami Adventist Academy
A sentence is a group of words that expresses a
complete thought . It starts with a capital letter.
TYPES:
Declarative: Makes a statement, ends with a
period.
Interrogative: Asks a questions, ends with a
question mark.
Exclamatory: Shows strong feeling, ends with an
exclamation mark.
Imperative: Gives a command OR makes a request,
ends with a period or an exclam. mark.
Every
sentence has 2 parts – the SUBJECT
and the PREDICATE.
SUBJECT: Who or what the sentence is about.
PREDICATE: What the subject is, has, does, or
feels.
COMPLETE S & P
ALL the words in the S are the Complete Subject.
ALL the words in the P are the Complete Predicate.
Contains a VERB or VERB PHRASE + all the
words that complete the meaning of the
sentence.
SIMPLE S & P
The
MAIN word (or words) in the S is the
Simple Subject.
Usually a NOUN or PRONOUN
The
MAIN word (or words) in the P is the
Simple Predicate.
Always a VERB or VERB PHRASE
COMPLETE SUBJECT & PREDICATE
The chef in the Italian restaurant by
my house always sings “The
Wedding of Figaro.”
SIMPLE SUBJECT & PREDICATE
Chef sings.
•
Natural Order Sentences: When the subject
comes before the predicate. Most sentences
are like this.
A butterfly was flying over the bushes.
•
Inverted Order Sentences: When the subject
FOLLOWS all or part of the predicate.
Over the bushes a butterfly was flying.
Flying over the bushes was a butterfly.
Over the bushes was a butterfly flying.
ETC.
Find the verb; ask who or what
does the action, and rearrange
the sentence so it will be in
natural order.
Under
the table are my shoes.
Here is the most-looked-for criminal in
America.
(Sentences that start with HERE or
THERE are always inverted!)
When do the players come out?
It
expresses ONE complete idea. (It has
subject and predicate.)
The fastest man in the world won the gold medal.
It may have:
•
•
•
a compound subject – (Lucy, Peter, and their dog
play frisbee.)
a compound predicate – (My mom cleans the house
and washes clothes.)
both – (The captain, the first mate, and the rest of
the crew wear life vests and practice a drill.)
If
different subjects
are doing the same
action, you can write a
comp. subject
sentence.
Ana is playing soccer. The
boys are playing soccer
too.
Ana and the boys are
playing soccer.
If the same subject is
doing several actions,
you can write a comp.
predicate sentence.
At home, John eats.
At home, he also sleeps.
And at home, he studies.
At home, John eats,
sleeps, and studies.
Coordinating Conj.
Correlative Conj.
AND
Conjunctions
– joining similar
ideas
BUT – contrast or
difference between
ideas
OR – choice between
ideas
used in
PAIRS
They make a stronger
connection
EX:
both … and
either … or
neither … nor
whether … or
Conjunctions are used to connect words or
groups of words that have the SAME function in a
sentence. (Used in Compd. Subject, Compd. Predicate,
Compd. Modifier, Compd. Sentence)
expresses TWO OR MORE complete
ideas that are equal in importance.
The
Vietnam War was a military conflict that
lasted from 1955 to 1975, and almost fifty
thousand Americans died.
The
Vietnam War was a military conflict that
lasted from 1955 to 1975; almost fifty thousand
Americans died.
Add
a comma and
a coordinating
conjunction (and/or/but)
,and
,or
,but
Add a
semicolon
;
NOW YOU TRY IT!!! Follow the directions.
You CAN divide it into TWO separate
sentences.
Steven cut his finger with the
knife, but he is OK.
1. Steven cut his finger with the
knife.
2. He is OK. (Notice that each sentence
has a subject and a
predicate.)
is
a sentence that contains TWO parts –
* an independent clause: a part of the
sentence that CAN stand on its own.
* a subordinating (or dependent)
clause:
a part of the sentence that is LESS
important because it CAN NOT stand
on its own.
Subordinating
Independent
When
I
Clause:
much
I eat too
(What happens?)
Clause:
feel sluggish.
(This is a complete
thought.)
If it is at the BEGINNING:
Follow it by a comma(,).
Before breakfast, I pray.
If it is in the MIDDLE of
the sentence:
DO NOT add a comma.
I pray before
breakfast.
Continuation: COMPLEX SENTENCES
after
although
as
as if
as long as
because
before
if
since
so that
unless
until
when
whenever
where
whereas
wherever
while
ETC.
My
Dalmatian chewed its bone.
Dr. Ryans visits her patient.
Ana will go to the mall.
The old man dances well.
FRAGMENT
Doesn’t
express a complete thought
Missing subject OR predicate
Leaves questions unanswered
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
FIX
IT by providing what’s missing.
FRAGMENT: When I get home.
SENTENCE: I will eat when I get home.
Two or more sentences that run together with
commas OR without any punctuation.
-----------------------FIX IT by making 2 separate sentences,
a compound sentence, or a complex
sentence.
Run-On: Manny cooks dinner, Lucy walks the dog.
• Manny cooks dinner. Lucy walks the dog.
• Manny cooks dinner, and Lucy walks the dog.
• Manny cooks dinner while Lucy walks the dog.