Transcript Chapter 29 Review

Chapter 29 Review
Stars
Which correctly lists objects in
order of decreasing mass?
A. Solar System, Jupiter, Earth,
Sun
B. Solar System, Jupiter, Sun,
Earth
C. Sun, Solar System, Jupiter,
Earth
D. Solar System, Sun, Jupiter,
Earth
0%
A.
0%
0%
B.
C.
0%
D.
Which line on the graph best represents the
way in which the number of sunspots
changes over time?
1.
2.
3.
4.
A
B
C
D
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which planet has composition
and density most similar to the
Sun?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Saturn
Mars
Mercury
Venus
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
A scientist comparing the properties of
a large number of different stars could
expect to find the most variation in the
data describing the stars’
1.
2.
3.
4.
luminosity
diameter
composition
temperature
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
The line on this graph best
describes the relationship
between
1. the temperature of a star and its
luminosity
2. the temperature of a star and its
distance from Earth
3. the temperature of a star and its
composition
4. the temperature of a star and its
location in the universe
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
The timeline shows the
sequence of events that
occurs during the
formation of a star. What is
the correct label for the
blank in the diagram?
1.
2.
3.
4.
nuclear fusion begins
internal temperature drops
gravity ceases to act
rotation begins
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which point on the timeline most
correctly identifies the Sun’s current
point in its lifecycle?
1.
2.
3.
4.
A
B
C
D
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Use the table to calculate which of the
following units represents the greatest
distance.
1.
2.
3.
4.
meter
parsec
light year
kilometer
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
A scientist using parallax to determine the
distance to a star will notice the greatest shift
in a star’s apparent position when measured
1. at 6-month intervals
2. during Earth’s coldest
weather
3. at the midpoint of the star’s
rotation
4. at the peak of the star’s
blueshift
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Most of the light emitted by the
Sun comes from the
1.
2.
3.
4.
chromosphere
corona
photosphere
prominence
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
When the polarity of the Sun's
magnetic field is taken into account,
the solar activity cycle lasts
1.
2.
3.
4.
22.4 years
22.2 years
11.2 years
11.4 years
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
What causes the dark bands observed
in a solar spectrum?
1. the emission of specific elements
2. different chemical elements
which absorb light at specific
wavelengths
3. highly compressed, glowing gas
4. warmer gas in front of a source
that emits a continuous
spectrum
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
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4
The apparent shift in a star’s
position caused by the motion of
the observer is called
1.
2.
3.
4.
luminosity
apparent magnitude
absolute magnitude
parallax
0%
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3
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4
A star that is gravitationally bound to
another star can either be part of a star
cluster or a ____ star.
1.
2.
3.
4.
constellation
white dwarf
binary
red giant
0%
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0%
2
3
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4
All stars, including the Sun, have the
following identical composition:
1. 25 percent hydrogen; 73 percent
helium; and 2 percent oxygen
2. 25 percent helium; 73 percent
hydrogen; and 2 percent other
3. 25 percent helium; 73 percent
hydrogen; and 2 percent oxygen
4. 25 percent hydrogen; 73 percent
helium; and 2 percent other
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
The ____ of a star determines
its temperature, luminosity,
and diameter.
1.
2.
3.
4.
mass
composition
energy output
density
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Combining of lightweight nuclei into heavier
nuclei, such as four hydrogen nuclei combining to
form a helium nucleus
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
black hole
photosphere
fusion
constellation
main sequence
nebula
solar activity cycle
spectrum
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Cloud of interstellar gas and dust that
collapses on itself to form a new star
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
black hole
photosphere
fusion
constellation
main sequence
nebula
solar activity cycle
spectrum
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Visible light arranged according to
wavelengths
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
black hole
photosphere
fusion
constellation
main sequence
nebula
solar activity cycle
spectrum
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Group of bright stars named for an animal,
a mythological character, or an everyday
object
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
black hole
photosphere
fusion
constellation
main sequence
nebula
solar activity cycle
spectrum
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Minimum to maximum sunspots, a reversal of
polarity, and minimum to maximum sunspots
over a period of 22.4 years
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
black hole
photosphere
fusion
constellation
main sequence
nebula
solar activity cycle
spectrum
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Lowest layer of the Sun’s surface from
which most of the light emitted by the Sun
comes
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
black hole
photosphere
fusion
constellation
main sequence
nebula
solar activity cycle
spectrum
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Section of the H-R diagram into which
about 90 percent of stars fall
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
black hole
photosphere
fusion
constellation
main sequence
nebula
solar activity cycle
spectrum
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Small, massive, dense object that has a
gravity so immense that nothing—not even
light—can escape it
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
black hole
photosphere
fusion
constellation
main sequence
nebula
solar activity cycle
spectrum
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
The density of gas in coronal
holes is greater than the density
of the entire corona.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
The Sun is almost entirely
composed of hydrogen and
helium.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
A parsec is a greater distance
than a light year.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
The shaded area of the graph
correctly represents the percentage
of stars that are in the main sequence
of an HR diagram.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Stars more massive than the
Sun use up their fuel at a
slower rate.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
The corona is visible only
during eclipses because it is the
coolest layer of the Sun’s
atmosphere.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
When hydrogen nuclei fuse,
they produce helium.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
The state of matter found in the
Sun’s interior is plasma.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
The greatest proportion of
elements in the universe are
those with the smallest masses.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Scientists gather evidence
about the Sun’s composition by
directly sampling material
from the Sun.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Other than the use of special
instruments, the chromosphere
is only visible during a solar
eclipse when the photosphere is
blocked.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
In the modern classification of
apparent magnitude, a
difference of 5 magnitudes
corresponds to a factor of 100
in brightness.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
When the core of a star collapses
forever, the extremely dense object
that remains is called a(n) neutron
star.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
As a star ages, its internal
composition changes as nuclear
reactions in the star’s core
convert one element into
another.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Astronomers can sometimes
identify binary stars even if
only one star is visible.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Absolute magnitude takes distance
into account when indicating the
surface temperature of a star.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Using the parallax technique,
astronomers can accurately
measure the distance of stars
up to 300 pc away.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
(H-R) diagram, first plotted in the
nineteenth century, demonstrates the
relationship of luminosity and
temperature.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Stars are assigned a spectral
type, with M being the hottest
stars.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
The mass of a star determines
the star’s temperature,
luminosity, and constellation.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2