Essentials of Sociology

9 th Edition Chapter 3: Socialization This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Socialization

Chapter Overview

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What is Human Nature?

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Socialization into the Self, Mind, and Emotions

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Socialization into Gender

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Agents of Socialization

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Resocialization

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Are We Prisoners of Socialization?

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Socialization

What is Human Nature?

 Nature vs. Nurture  Isolated Children (Isabelle)  Institutionalized Children (Skeels and Dye)  Deprived Animals (Harlow Monkeys) Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Socialization

In Sum… ...Society Makes Us Human

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Socialization

Cooley – Looking Glass Self (Socialization Process)

1) We imagine how we appear to others 2) We interpret their reactions 3) We develop a self-concept  It’s a life-long process as we are continuously involved in the development of the self Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Socialization

Mead and Role Taking (Socialization Process)

 Children go through three stages in the development of the self 1) Imitation –Children imitate significant others 2) Play – “Dressing Up”

3) Games

– Generalized Other – What the groups thinks about the individual; the individual takes on multiple roles Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Socialization

Socialization and Emotions

 6 basic global emotions – Paul Ekman  The expression of emotions differs from culture to culture  Our culture controls the emotions within us Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Socialization

Gender Messages

 Gender Messages in the Family  The Peer Group  Gender Messages in the Mass Media  Television and Movies  Video Games Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Socialization

Agents of Socialization

 The Family –Kohn Study  School and Peer Groups –Adler Study  Religion  Day Care  The Workplace –Anticipatory Socialization – “Trying on a role before one enters it”  Sports Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Socialization

Resocialization and Total Institutions

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Resocialization

occurs when one learns a new set of norms, values, attitudes and behaviors to match their new situation in life. This can be very mild to very intense.

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Total institutions

(a term coined by Erving Goffman) are places where people are cut off from the rest of society and come under control of the officials who are in charge.

 People go through degradation ceremonies in total institutions.

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Socialization

Socialization Through the Life Course

     Childhood-birth to about 12 Adolescence-13 to 17 years old Transitional Adulthood-18 to 29 years old The Middle Years-30 to 65 years old The Older Years-65 years and Up Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Socialization

Are We Prisoners of Socialization?

 Sociologists Do Not Think So  Socialization is Powerful, but the Self is Dynamic  Individuals Are Actively Involved in the Construction of the Self Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Socialization