Transcript Lesson 1

Module F
Sciences with
TI-NspireTM Technology
Lesson 1: Elementary concepts
TI-NspireTM Technology
In this lesson you will:
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Learn about the basics of
inquiry-based learning;
Find out what happens to
helium filled balloons, when
they go up into the air;
Explore the Vernier DataQuest
application;
Examine Boyle’s Law.
2 | Lesson F.1
Scientific method
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The scientific method is a method of
procedure that has characterized
natural science since the 17th century.
It consists in a systematic observation,
measurement and experiment, and the
formulation, testing and modification of
hypotheses.
Scientific researchers propose
hypotheses as explanations of
phenomena, and design experimental
studies to test these hypotheses.
Robert Boyle
(1627-1691)
3 | Lesson F.1
Scientific method
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A linearized, pragmatic scheme is sometimes offered as a guideline
for proceeding:
1. Define the question;
2. Gather information and resources (observe);
3. Form hypothesis;
4. Perform an experiment and collect data;
5. Analyze data;
6. Interpret data and draw conclusions that serve as a starting
point for new hypothesis;
7. Publish results;
8. Retest (frequently done by other scientists).
4 | Lesson F.1
Inquiry based science
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This scheme is very important in
inquiry-based learning, that has
been of great influence in science
education, where it is known as
inquiry-based science.
The National Science Education
Standards call for students to
conduct inquiry, and to know about
inquiry. When students do inquiries
based on this scheme, they use
the same ideas as scientists do
when they are conducting
research. Students become 'miniscientists.'
5 | Lesson F.1
Independent and dependent variables
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In the design of experiments, students have to deal with
independent and dependent variables.
The independent variable's values are controlled or selected by the
experimenter to determine its relationship to an observed
phenomenon (the dependent variable).
In the experiment, an attempt is made to find evidence that the
values of the independent variable determine the values of the
dependent variable.
6 | Lesson F.1
Independent and dependent variables
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While experimenting the student
will collect data and store these
data in a table with two columns:
the first column contains the
values of the independent
variable, the second column
contains the values of the
dependent variable.
7 | Lesson F.1
Independent
Variable
Dependent
Variable
Example
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Imagine you wonder what happens with a helium filled balloon that
you let fly into the air. How far would it go?
8 | Lesson F.1
Vernier Pressure Sensor
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To answer this question you have
to investigate the relationship
between the volume and the
pressure of the gas in the
balloon.
To simulate this situation in
science-class we can do an
experiment by using a syringe,
filled with air, that is connected to
the Vernier Gas Pressure
Sensor.
9 | Lesson F.1
Independent and dependent variables
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The independent variable in this
experiment is the volume of the
gas,
the dependent variable is the
pressure of the gas.
While changing the volume of the
syringe, the pressure will
change.
10 | Lesson F.1
Volume
(ml)
Pressure
(kPa)
Conclusion
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Because the value of the constant in the calculated column is about
2000, the mathematical relationship between the volume and the
pressure for this experiment is given by:
p 
2000
V
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This relationship is known as Boyle’s law. It states that at constant
temperature for a fixed mass, the absolute pressure and the volume
of a gas are inversely proportional.
The law can also be stated in a slightly different manner, that the
product of absolute pressure and volume is always constant at
constant temperature.
11 | Lesson F.1
Conclusion
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To conclude we can answer the starting
question:
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Although the temperature will vary
when climbing up into the atmosphere,
we can expect that the pressure in the
balloon will lower, so the volume will
become bigger and bigger, and most of
the balloons will pop.
12 | Lesson F.1
Dynamic links
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Thanks to the dynamic links between the applications of TI-Nspire,
you can use the collected data in other applications.
If you want to draw the best function, together with the data points,
you can add a Data&Statistics page to the document. You can
select the independent variable for the x-axis and the dependent
variable for the y-axis. The graph appears on the screen. You can
also add a function to compare the data points with the found
relationship between the variables.
13 | Lesson F.1
Report
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To make a report of the experiment, TI-NspireTM Technology can be
a great help.
Students can save data in a TI-NspireTM document,
Use the Notes Application to write down conclusions or
Make a PublishViewTM document to combine text, images and
tables in one document.
14 | Lesson F.1
In this lesson you learned:
 What is meant by the scientific method;
 That students are stimulated to do inquiry based science;
 That TI-NspireTM Technology can be a great help in inquiry based
learning;
 How the Vernier DataQuest application can be used to do an
experiment in an easy way;
 How you can analyze data by using the Vernier DataQuest
application;
 That TI-NspireTM Technology offers different ways of making a report
of a science experiment.
15 | Lesson F.1
Congratulations!
You have just finished lesson F.1!
16 | Lesson F.1