Transcript File - Mrs. Reed Science Classes

Gases
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.1
All of the following are postulates of the
kinetic molecular theory of gases EXCEPT:
a. The volume occupied by a gas is mostly empty
space.
b. The average kinetic energy of the gas particles is
proportional to the temperature in Celsius.
c. The attraction/repulsion between gas molecules is
very weak or negligible.
d. Gas molecules or atoms move in a straight line
between collisions.
e. All of the above are correct postulates.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.2
Convert 580 mm Hg to units of atmospheres.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
0.76 atm
1.00 atm
5.80 atm
0.763 atm
4.41  105 atm
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.3
Convert 35.5 psi to kPa.
(Note: 1 atm = 14.7 psi; 1 atm = 101325 Pa)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
2.41 kPa
2.45  102 kPa
5.29  102 kPa
2.45  105 kPa
5.29  105 kPa
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.4
A gas has a volume of 1.0 L at 1 atm. By what
factor must the pressure change in order to
reduce the volume by half?
(Assume the temperature is constant.)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
1
2
4
 1/2
 1/4
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.5
A flask with 500.0 mL of a gas is sealed on top of
Mt. Everest where the atmospheric pressure is
230. torr. What is the volume of the gas when the
bottle is moved to sea level at a constant
temperature?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
651 mL
1.65  103 mL
0.151 mL
151 mL
500. mL
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.7
A flexible container contains 1.50 L of gas at
25 °C. What is the new volume when the
container is heated to 100 °C at a constant
pressure?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
0.375 L
0.959 L
1.20 L
0.833 L
1.88 L
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.8
A 36.1 mL sample of oxygen gas contains
0.529 mol of oxygen. If enough oxygen is
added to the sample to obtain a volume of 50.5
mL, what must the final mass of the sample
be? (The pressure and temperature is constant.)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
0.740 g
11.8 g
0.740 mol
23.7 g
None of the above
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.10
A container with 1.00 mol of gas is expanded
from 5.00 L to 10.0 L by adding more gas. How
many moles of gas are present?
(The temperature and pressure are kept constant.)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
1.00 mol
2.00 mol
3.00 mol
5.00 mol
10.0 mol
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.11
A set of car tires contain a volume of 45.5 L of air
at 35.0 psi and 0.0 °C. When the car is driven,
the temperature of the tires increases to 40.0
°C. What is the pressure (in psi) of each tire
assuming constant volume?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
37.8 psi
35.0 psi
0 psi
40.1 psi
29.9 psi
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.12
How many moles of an ideal gas are in a
container with a volume of 5.5 L at 580 mm
Hg and 20.°C?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
1.3 mol
0.229 mol
0.174 mol
2.58 mol
0.17 mol
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.13
What is the volume occupied by 28.0 g of
nitrogen gas at 1.00 atm and 0.0 °C?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
0.0295 L
1.00 L
22.4 L
48.8 L
0.0446 L
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.17
The partial pressures in a mixture of CO2,
N2, and O2 in a sample of gas are 50.0 atm,
495 atm, and 205 atm, respectively.
Calculate the mole percentage of each gas.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
5.00%, 70.3%, 24.7%
6.67%, 66.0%, 27.3%
0.500%, 49.5%, 50.0%
10.0%, 50.0%, 40.0%
1.50%, 75.5%, 23.0%
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.18
A sample of hydrogen gas is collected over
water at a pressure of 635 mm Hg at 10.0 °C.
Calculate the partial pressure of hydrogen.
(The vapor pressure of water at 10.0 °C is 9.2 mm
Hg)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
9 mm Hg
69 mm Hg
626 mm Hg
635 mm Hg
644 mm Hg
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.19
How many liters of oxygen gas are produced by
the complete decomposition of 225 mL of
water? The oxygen gas is collected at 580. torr
and 27°C.
(The density of water at 27°C is 1.00 g/mL)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
0.225 L
36.3 L
201 L
403 L
0.0239 L
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.20
How many grams of water are produced
from the complete combustion of 15.8 L of
propane (C3H8) gas at STP?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
0.705 g
2.82 g
12.7 g
38.1 g
50.8 g
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.21
Which of the following samples occupy the
largest volume at STP?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
1.00 mol O2
48.0 g O2
0.500 mol He
4.008 g H2
6.02 x 1023 molecules of N2
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.25
What is the SI unit for pressure?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Pa
atm
mm Hg
torr
psi
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.26
A 158-mL sample of gas has a pressure of
0.989 atm and a temperature of 25.0 °C. What is
the final temperature (°C) when the pressure
increases to 1.01 atm and the volume decreases to
192 mL?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
369°C
25.0°C
96.8°C
2.47°C
9.68°C
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.27
If a 7.45 L sample of nitrogen at STP is
compressed to a volume of 5.81 L and warmed
to 295 K, what is the final pressure of the
sample?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
1.38 atm
8.85 atm
5.68 atm
0.989 atm
1.27 atm
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.29
Water decomposes to form hydrogen and oxygen
gases. What volume of oxygen gas measured at
750 mm Hg and 35°C is formed when 28 g of
water is reacted?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
22.4 L
45 L
720 mL
130 mL
20. L
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11.30
What is the mass of a sample of chlorine gas that
occupies a volume of 2.500 L at STP?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
0.1115 g
7.9 g
1.295 g
7.904 g
3.953 g
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.