Transcript New France 1534 - 1763

The French Regime: 16631760
My Magic 100 items list
My Newspaper
6 key points of New France
The broken promise of the
Company of 100 Associates was
the catalyst for great change in
New France.
Royal Government: 1663
The King of France was upset
that the fur trade companies
did not keep their promise
about bringing settlers.
Definitions
Culture
Absolutism
 A belief that the ruler King or
Queen was said to receive his
or her power directly from
God and was their
representative on earth.
Definitions
Economy
Diversification:
 The act of introducing
variety.
 When the king takes
control NF will evolve
from 1 pillar (Fur) to 6
pillars….
Jean Talon
Jean Talon was sent by
the King of France to
find out the problems
in New France.
He was the first
Intendant of New
France
Jean Talon
The First Census
In order to find out the
problems, Jean Talon
completed the first
census.
 Refer to your copy in
our package and
answer all the
questions.
Jean Talon
He found 3 main problems.
 -Not enough women
 -No protection for the
colony
 -Not enough people
staying in New France
Jean Talon
His solutions:
 A) Bring over specific
groups of immigrants:
 -les Filles du Roi
Soldiers
 Soldiers from the
Carignan Salieres
Regiment.
Engagés
 They were hired workers
(on a contract) with little
rights.
 -Jean Talon and the King
hoped they would stay
after their contract was
up
 But only a few did
Incentives for population growth
-Baby Bonuses for couples who had at least
10 children
- Fines on men and women who remained
unmarried 14 and 16.
-Men could not get involved in fur trade
if they weren’ t married
Promoted the Seigneurial
System
To organize the settlement of people in
New France in an organized way by
fixing rights and duties of the Seigneur
and Censitaire.
Territory continued to expand due
to exploration for the fur trade
2. Composition of the Population
b) 1760
a) 1663
 Total: 3000 people
 Total: 65,000
 Mainly male, French
 Mixed population:
origin & native

Canadiens & French
 Amerindians & Blacks,
 Some were slaves.
Main reason for population
growth.
a ) Lots o f b ab i es nat ural i nc reas e..In fac t
N F h ad o n e o f t he hi ghes t rat es i n t he
wor l d .
b ) Trad i t i o n al Canadien fam i l i es are
Cat h o l i c .
Cat ho l i c c hurc h pro m o t ed l arge fami l i es .
c ) I t was n o t u n c om m on for fam i l i es t o
have 1 0 o r m ore c hi l dren.
Seigneurial System
 A) French method of organizing the territory
 B) Long rectangular plots of land along a body of
water.
 C) Components of each seigneury: Mill, seigneur’s
land, church, common land
Triangular Trade
1 . There was o n g oi ng t rade bet ween N ew Franc e,
Franc e an d t h e Frenc h Wes t Indi es .
2 . How t r i an g u l ar t rade wor k s :
a ) The c o l o ni es prov i de raw m at er i al s
b ) The Mo t h er C o unt r y woul d t rans for m t hos e raw
m at er i al s i n t o m anufac t ured goods .
c ) C ) The Mo t h er Count r y woul d t hen s el l t he
m anufac t ured go o ds t o t he c o l o ni es ( us ual l y
for a r i d i c u l o u s am ount of m oney )
Triangular Trade
MANUFACTURED GOODS: CLOTH, METALS, LIQUOR
RESOURCES:
•Furs
•Fish
RESOURCES:
•RUM
•Slaves
Diversification
1. With the help of Jean Talon, and other
intendants (Hoquart, etc) the economy of
New France becomes diversified.
Meaning: the economy does not rely solely on
the Fur trade
Agriculture:
 1. Population growth led to an increased
demand for goods. Mainly FOOD!
 A) Jean Talon encouraged the creation of
more Seigneuries, this created a surplus in
goods, which could now be sold for PROFIT!
 B) Wheat becomes a staple product.
2. Impact on the Land
 A) Further
development of
the Seigneurial
System
 B) Construction of
mills
 C) More public
markets
3. Impact on the People
 A) Higher standard of living
 B) Economy was no longer based
on self-sufficiency
 C) Higher demand for specialized
workers
 d) Increased number of people in
the cities.
Shipping and Ironworks
1. Demand
 A) France needed ships for its Navy, and to
export products to their colonies.
 B) Many industries expanded because of this:
Iron, tar, and rope.
2. Impact on the land
 A) Mineral
exploration for iron
ore in Mauricie.
(In the Canadian
Shield)
 B) New areas
develop
Problems with the economy during the
French Regime.
 1. The economy of New France became
dependent on manufactured goods from their
Mother Country.
 2. The fur trade is still the main attraction.
 3. Lack of money being made in New France.
 4. Not enough specialized workers.
Culture
a ) Catholic religion continues to play a
big role.
b ) The idea of Absolutism still
dominates. (symbols of the King are
everywhere: Fleur de Lys)
2. The Independent Spirit of the HABITANTS:
 A) Because of the distance & lack of control from the
Mother Country the French Canadian peasants
(habitants) were forced to take care of themselves.
 B) They developed an “Independent Spirit” or in
other words a Self Reliance.
2. The Independent Spirit of the HABITANTS:
 C) Their contact with the Aboriginals helped them to
do this.
 They blended the 2 cultures to create their own.
 D) Examples: use of birch bark canoes, snowshoes,
building new types of houses to suit the weather, fur
trading without a permit.
Power
1. The Great Peace of Montreal (1701)
 A) Amerindian nations are not doing well (diseases
and wars)
 B) More than 1,300 Amerindians, from forty different
nations, gathered near Montreal. They came from
the Mississippi Valley, the Great Lakes, and Acadia.
 C)Many were lifelong enemies
1. The Great Peace of Montreal (1701)
 D) They agreed there would be no more wars
between the French and the Amerindians.
 E) Thirty-eight nations signed the treaty, including
the Iroquois.
 F) The Iroquois promised to remain neutral in any
future conflict between the French and their former
allies, the English colonists of New England.
The State and the administrators of the
colony:
 A) The Bishops, Intendants and Governors (The
B.I.G. 3 of Royal Government) all demanded things
from France.
 Examples: More money, more military resources,
more land (for themselves).
 B) For the most part, they did not get what they
wanted.
 C) France had little to no interest in their colony in
the mid 1700’s.
3. The State and the Habitants:
 A) The “regular” people were at the lowest level in
Royal Government.
 They had no say in the colony.
3. The State and the Habitants:
 B) Means (ways) of control:
 To ensure (make sure) that the rules/laws of the
colony were followed, the state used three
principal means of control:
The Army
Public Punishments
Public Hangings
Public Whipping
Public Shows of Power and Wealth
Chateau St-Louis
Intendant’s Palace