Transcript Chapter 4 The French and Indian War PowerPoint

How important is a strong leader in
order for troops to win a battle?
A. Very important
B. Somewhat important
C. Somewhat unimportant
D. Very unimportant
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Chapter 4 Growth of the
Thirteen Colonies (1607-1770)
Section 4 The French and Indian
War
How did the outcome of the French
and Indian War determine who
controlled North America?
The French and Indian War
• Part of a larger
struggle between
France and Britain
• The French were on
their way to “making
themselves masters
of the Continent”
• France built wellarmed forts around
the Great Lakes and
Ohio River
• France had a
network of alliances
with Native
Americans
French Advantages
• Large area of
land
• From the St.
Lawrence River
to New Orleans
• France and
Native
Americans
were winning
control of the
American
frontier
Before the War Began
• British colonists fought
the French and Indians
with little help from
Britain
• 1754- British
government intervened
• Was alarmed by the
French forts and defeat
of Fort Necessity
• Fall of 1754 Great
Britain appointed
General Edward
Braddock commander
in chief of the British
forces in America
• Braddock was to drive
the French forces out
of the Ohio Valley
Braddock Marches to Duquesne
• June 1755- Braddock
started out from Virginia
• With about 1,400 redcoated British soldiers
• And a smaller force of
blue-coated colonial militia
• George Washington was
an aide to Braddock
• Washington said
Braddock
• “[Halted] to level every
mole hill, and to erect
bridges over every brook,
by which mean we were
four days in getting twelve
miles”
More of Braddock Marches to
Duquesne
• Washington told
Braddock his army’s
style was not suited
for the frontier
• Lined up in columns
and wearing brightcolored uniforms
• Troops were easy
targets
• Braddock ignored
Washington’s advise
• French and Indian
forces ambushed the
British
Even More of Braddock Marches to
Duquesne
• British were confused
and frightened
• Could not see their
attackers who were
hidden in the forest
• Shooting at them
behind trees
• Braddock was killed
• British lost about 1,000
men
• Washington led the
survivors back to
Virginia
Britain Declares War on France
• Fighting in America
started a new war in
Europe
• Seven Year’s War
• Britain formed an
alliance with Prussia
in 1756
• Prussia fought
France in Europe
• Britain fought France
in the Caribbean,
India, and North
America
Early Stages of the War
• France captured
British Forts
• French Indian
allies raided
frontier farms
• Killed settlers,
burned houses
and crops, drove
families back to
the coast
• French forces
from Canada
captured British
forts at Lake
Ontario and Lake
George
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Pitt
Takes
Charge
Great Britain’s prospects in
America improved after William
Pitt became prime minister
Pitt decided that Britain would
pay for the war supplies- no
matter the cost
Pitt ran up an enormous debt
Pitt didn’t just want to settle in
Western territories, but wanted
to conquer French Canada
Troops were sent to America
under Jeffery Amherst and
James Wolfe
Many French forts were taken
and renamed
Including Fort Duquesne and
renamed
Fort Pitt
How did William Pitt pay for the debt Britain
accrued paying for the Seven Years’ War?
A. He used some of his own money.
B. He raised the colonists’ taxes.
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D. He used French money
seized during the war.
A.
B.
C.
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B
C. He raised taxes in Britain.
The Battle of Quebec
• Capital of New France
• On a cliff overlooking
the St. Lawrence
• Thought to be
impossible to attack
• James Wolfe’s scouts
spotted a poorly
guarded path
• Wolfe’s soldiers went
up this path at night
• Defeated the sleeping
French troops
Treaty of Paris
• The fall of Quebec and
Amherst’s capture of
Montreal brought an end
to fighting in North
America
• Treaty of Paris forced
France to give Canada
and most of its land east
of the Mississippi to Great
Britain
• Also received Florida
from France’s ally, Spain
• Spain received land west
of the Mississippi- the
Louisiana Territory- and
New Orleans
• Marked the end of France
as a power in North
America
Which two countries were now the
dominant powers in North America?
A. Great Britain and Spain
B. Germany and Spain
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C. Greece and Italy
Pontiac’s War
• Indian’s lost their allies and
trading partner with France
• Britain raised prices and
refused to pay for the use of
land
• Settlers began moving west
• Ottawa chief Pontiac saw this
as a threat to his people’s way
of life
• Pontiac united Indians and
captured British forts (Detroit
and others)
• That summer Indians killed
settlers along Pennsylvania
and Virginia during Pontiac’s
War
• War ended in August 1765
after the British defeated
Pontiac’s allies
• Pontiac signed a peace treaty
and was pardoned
The Proclamation of 1763
• To prevent more fighting, Britain
called a halt to settlers westward
expansion
• Proclamation of 1763 set the
Appalachian Mountains as the
temporary western boundary of
the colonies
• Angered people who wanted to
make money there
• These speculators had already
bought land west of the
mountains
• They were furious that Britain
ignored their land claims
• More conflicts would soon arise
between Britain and the colonists
Why were the Native Americans upset about
the defeat of the French?
A. They lost their allies and
trading partners.
B. British settlers began to
move into their lands.
C. The British refused to pay
them for use of their lands.
D. All of the above
A. A
B. B
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How did the outcome of the French and Indian
War determine who controlled North America?
- In the Treaty of Paris, Britain and Spain acquired
almost all of the land formally controlled by
France
The Humanity of General Amherst
Chapter 4 Section 4 Quiz
The French and Indian War was a war
between the French and Native Americans.
ls
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50%
Fa
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Tr
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A. True
B. False
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e
Fa
Tr
ue
Braddock did not take Washington's advice
on the style of marching when they set out
for Fort Duquesne.
A. True
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50%
B. False
William Pitt decided that Britain would pay
the costs for the French and Indian War.
ls
e
50%
Fa
50%
Tr
ue
A. True
B. False
The Proclamation of 1763 ended
the French and Indian War.
ls
e
50%
Fa
50%
Tr
ue
A. True
B. False
ls
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Fa
Tr
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After the French and Indian War, King
George III gave the colonies permission to
expand past the Appalachian Mountains.
A. True
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50%
B. False
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The commander in chief of the British forces
in America who was to drive the French out
of America was
A. George
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Washington.
B. William Pitt.
C. Edward Braddock.
D. Benjamin
Franklin.
What document marked the end of
France as a power in North America?
A. Treaty of London
B. Treaty of Paris
C. Treaty of the Ohio
River valley
D. Treaty of France
and Britain
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After the treaty was signed in 1763, the
continent was divided between which two
countries?
A. Britain and Spain
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B. France and Britain
C. France and Spain
D. France and the
Netherlands
The Proclamation of 1763 called
for
A. settlers to move
westward.
B. a war.
C. a halt to westward
expansion.
D. Native Americans
to move west.
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The Proclamation of 1763 angered
wealthy speculators because they
A. lost voting rights.
B. lost their
businesses.
C. lost the war.
D. owned land west
of the mountains.
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