Otomatisasi_Electronics (control)
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Transcript Otomatisasi_Electronics (control)
Otomatisasi Electronics (control) system (ee-29)
oleh A. Tossin Alamsyah
OBJEKTIF :
Mengenal berbagai sistem kontrol elektronik dlm,di industri dan mampu
merencanakan sistem kontrol sederhana
MATERI :
Sensor / Transducers ( Temp, Pressure, flow , position ,speed)
Signal conditioning ,
Actuator ( Electric , pneumatic , hydraulic )
Industrial Control Review.
Electronics Controller ( Analog & digital controller),
System Controller ; Proportional (P), Integral (I) , Differential (D), PID,
Digital Control Interface ; ADC dan DAC
Programmable Logic Control (PLC),
Data communications,
Distribution Computer System (DCS)
Practice
Industrial Control electronics
(bag. 1)
Overview Industrial control system.
Process Control & instrumentation,
Process Control,
Analog Processing,
Digital Processing,
Supervisory Digital Control,
Direct Digital Control,
Programmable Logic Control,
Controller
Control Modes,
On-off Control,
Proportional,
Proportional – Integral,
Proportional – Integral - Derivative
Analog Control,
Digital Control,
Fuzy Control,
Interfacing & power devices,
Power Interface ,
ADC dan DAC
1.1 Industrial Control overview
Industrial Control classification,
Element Control,
Feedback Control,
Dynamic response,
Feed forward Control.
1.1.a.
Industrial Control Classification
Motion and Process Control ,
Process Control i.e industrial process manufacturing
(batch or continues types , variables temperature,pressure,flow rate,
liquid /solid level, pH, Humidity etc)
Motion Control i.e an automatic control system that’s controls the
physical motion or position of an object,
(servos / servomechanisms (robotics system ),characteritics
position, speed, accelerations deceleration etc)
Open Loop System Control,
(without feedback element)
Closed Loop System Control ,
(with feedback elemen)
Element of Open/ Closed Loop System ,
Batch Processing
Continuous process
Open and Close loop system
1.1.b. Blok diagram Closed Loop system
Error detector
Controller
Output
Signal
(comparator)
Set
Point
+
_
Error
Signal
Controller
Energy of Fuel
Actuator
Process
Variable
Manipulated
Variable
Feedback
Signal
Measurement
Devices
Measured
Variable
Manufacturing
Process
Disturbance
Controlled Variable
1.1.b Element Control
Controlled Variable
Measured Variable
Measurement Devices
Feedback Signal
Set Point
Error Detector
Error Signal
Controller
Actuator
Manipulated Variable
Manufacturing Process
Disturbance
Element control (cont.)
Controlled Variable adalah variabel actual yang dimonitor dan di “maintain”,
seperti Temperature, pressure, flow rate, level dll.
Measured Variable adalah status dari controlled variable yang dimonitor seperti
tekanan di dasar tanki dll.
Measurement devices adalah “mata” dari system yi Sensor/Tranducer, yang
menunjukkan status dr controlled variable.
Feedback Signal adalah output dari Sensor/Tranducer ( Voltage, Current,
Frekuensi ).
Set Point ,
Error Detector ( Signal Set point – Signal Feedback)
Controller, (brain the system,) ( analog, digital, fuzzy, programmable, PID, dll)
Actuator (Muscle the system) disebut juga final control element atau final
correcting device. Seperti Motor DC, AC, Stepper, servo pneumatics, hydraulic
cylinders, pumps .
Manipulated Variable, mengubah actuator effect yang dapat mengubah kondisi
controlled variable
Manufacturing Process,
Disturbance adalah factor yang dapat mem[rngaruhi manufacturing process.
Practical Feedback Application
Closed loop Temperature control system
Close Loop Control .
Energy
Input
Actuator
Actual
Output
PROCESS UNDER
CONTROL
Sensor
Power
Interface
Signal
conditioner
Transmission
Controller
Set Point
Transmission
ELECTRONICS CONTROL
Sifat : open loop dan closed loop,
Metode : Analog, Digital, Fuzzy,
Mode : on-off control, Propotional , Integral, Derivative Control dan
PID Control.
Pengontrol Analog , sifat nya real time dan tidak dapat diprogram,
berbasis komponen elktronika analog Op-amp, SCR, Triac,
Pengontrol Digital : sifatnya real time dan dapat diprogram, contol
PLC, SCADA , DCS , mode on-off, berbasai komponen elektronika
digital Mikroprocessor , Mikrokontroller.
Pengontrol FUZZY , real time , dapat diprogram, mode PID,
berbasis microprocessor / mikrikontroller
Process Control & instrumentation
Process Control,
Dynamic Variable :
Temperature, Pressure, Flow rate, Level, Light Intensity and humidity
============= > Controlled Variable
Objective : Set up the dynamic Variable Value.
Elements of process - control
Process
Fluid, tank, fluid inlet, and outlet,
Measurement :
Information on the Variable,
Transduction, ==(transducer)
Signal conditioning,
Evaluation
To examine the measurement and
determine what action,
should be taken = controller
Control Element.
Block Diagram
Control
Element
E=Sp-Pv
Set Point
Controller
Process
Measurement
Process Variable =Pv
Block Diagram
Dynamic Response Evaluation Criteria
Settling time
Peak error
Residual error
Cycling (Oscillation)
Minimum area
Analog processing
A process temperature to be
controlled
Thermistor sensor
T~R~V
Temperature is reprensented
by a proportional electrical
signal
Electrical signal is an analog
of the temperature
Digital Processing
Dn = Vi / Vref . * (255)
Analog and Digital
Converter ,
Signal Transmission,
Serial transmission,
Parallel transmission,
Dn = 8 bit
Dn = 8 bit
An
Sensor
ADC
DAC
Kontroller
Sensor
ADC
DAC
An = Vref [ d1/2+d2/4+d3/8+d4/16+d5/32+d6/64+d6/128+d8/256]