Transcript Standardization
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STANDARDIZATION
Standardization is the process a technical standards which could be of establishing
• • • • Standard specification, Standard test method, Standard definition, Standard procedure or practice, etc.
By using standardization, provider and user can easily communicate through the set guidelines
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FUNCTIONS OF STANDARDS
• Make the development, manufacturing and supply of products and services more efficient, safer and cleaner • Facilitate trade between countries and make it fairer • Provide governments with a technical base for health, safety and environmental legislation, and conformity assessment • Share technological advances and good management practice • Disseminate innovation • Safeguard consumers, and users in general, of products and services • Make life simpler by providing solutions to common problems
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BENEFITS OF STANDARDS
• • • For businesses, the widespread adoption of International Standards means that suppliers can develop and offer products and services meeting specifications that have wide international acceptance in their sectors.
Therefore, businesses using International Standards can compete on many more markets around the world.
For innovators of new technologies, International Standards on aspects like terminology, compatibility and safety speed up the dissemination of innovations and their development into manufacturable and marketable products.
For customers, the worldwide compatibility of technology which is achieved when products and services are based on International Standards gives them a broad choice of offers. They also benefit from the effects of competition among suppliers.
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BENEFITS OF STANDARDS
• • • For governments, International Standards provide the technological and scientific bases underpinning health, safety and environmental legislation.
For trade officials, International Standards create guideline for all competitors in the markets. The existence of divergent national or regional standards can create technical barriers to trade. International Standards are the technical means by which political trade agreements can be put into practice.
For developing countries, International Standards that represent an international consensus on the state of the art are an important source of technological know- how. By defining the characteristics that products and services will be expected to meet on export markets, International Standards give developing countries a basis for making the right decisions when investing their scarce resources and thus avoid squandering them.
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NONWOVEN
A nonwoven is a sheet of fibres, continuous filaments, of any nature or origin, that have been formed into a web and bonded together by mechanical, chemical or thermal means
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NONWOVEN
Nonwovens have specific characteristics that allow them to deliver high performance across a wide range of applications. Specific functions include: absorbency, - resilience, - softness, - flame retardancy, - cushioning, - bacterial barrier and sterility liquid repellency, stretch, strength, washability (selective products) , filtering, The versatility of nonwovens means that they can provide innovative, cost-effective and sometimes unexpected answers to innumerable business challenges.
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NONWOVEN
Specific
properties
can be achieved by selecting
raw materials
and methods or by
applying finishing
treatments to nonwovens, such as printing, embossing, molding, coating & laminating etc.
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METHODOLOGY
The development of STANDARDS is on going and long term process.
• The process will begin and proceed further with following steps:
Identification of areas / properties to be standardizes:
– The important feed back is from industries which are facing problems during day to day activity of manufacturing and trading nationally and internationally. This will directly help to concentrate particular area.
– Comparing International Standards available, for evaluation of nonwoven fabric and products, of various organisation including INDA and EDANA with BIS will give detailed idea about absenteeism of standards available.
– Feed back from TRAs, COEs and the organizations involved in research will give clear concept about requirement of standards for near future.
PROPERTIES IDENTIFIED
Absorption
Nonwoven Absorption - Absorbency, Absorptive Capacity, Wicking Rate Nonwoven Absorption - Centrifuge Retention Capacity Nonwoven Absorption - Absorption Under Pressure
Abrasion Resistance
Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics - Taber Abrasion Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics Martindale Abrasion (View test)
Bursting Strength
Diaphragm Method (Mullen) Ball Burst (Constant-Rate-of-Traverse) Ball Burst (Constant-Rate-of-Extension)
Chemical Analysis
Component Analysis Moisture Ash
Image Analysis
Fiber diameter distribution Porosity, apertures and hole analysis Formation Analysis
Permeability
Air Permeability 11 Water Vapor Transmission Nonwoven Coverstock Liquid Strike-Through – Rate; Simulated Urine
Repellency
Water Resistance: Impact Penetration Test Water Resistance: Hydrostatic Pressure Test
Surfaces and Biological
Colonies BEE (Bacterial Entrapment Efficiency)
Stiffness
Cantilever
Tear Strength
Elmendorf Trapezoid Tongue
Tensile Strength
Grab Seam Strength Strip
Thickness
Nonwovens
Weight
Per Unit Area (Basis Weight)
Coefficient of Friction
Static and Kinetic
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AREAS TARGETED
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Development of Standards for Nonwoven Fabric
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Development of Standards for Nonwoven Products
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Products Specifications
DRAFT FORMULATION
13 • • • • A committee comprising of 15 members with five experts from each of the following categories – – – Academicians, TRAs and COEs Nonwovens fabric manufacturing Industry and User / Converting industry Based on laboratory experimentations, test results, statistical evaluations, data collected; initial draft will be formulated and opened to industry, users and research organisation for feed back The nonwoven is basic technology used as intermediate product for various applications. Therefore, we expect the involvement of other COEs to achieve the targets.
In due course of time with involvement and consultation / recommendation of BIS representative draft will be finalized for publication.
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