CHAPTER 20 TEST REVIEW

SALUTE!

What was one result of the loss of native lives to disease?

• • • • • a. the ruin of several tobacco and sugar cane plantations b. a growing tolerance between the colonists and the natives c. fewer battles between the colonists and natives over land d. a severe shortage of labor in the colonies d. a severe shortage of labor in the colonies

Why did the English want to take control of New Netherland?

• • • • • a. As they pushed west into the continent, they collided with New Netherland.

b. The Dutch and the English were longtime enemies.

c. New Netherland separated England’s northern and southern colonies.

d. The English wanted to take control of the fur trade and the Hudson Bay.

c. New Netherland separated England’s northern and southern colonies.

On what assumption was the encomienda system based?

• a. that Europeans had the right to demand labor from Native Americans • b. that exposure to European culture would help educate Native Americans • c. that living on Spanish plantations would convert Native Americans to Christianity • d. that mestizos had more rights than full blooded Native Americans • a. that Europeans had the right to demand labor from Native Americans

Which of the following did NOT aid the Spanish in conquering the Aztecs?

• • • • • a. disease b. larger forces c. native enemies d. superior weapons b. larger forces

What helped to increase the slave trade in Africa during the seventh century?

• • • • • a. the crusades and holy wars b. the spread of Islam into Africa c. an increase in trade between Europe and Asia d. the establishment of trade networks between Africa and Portugal b. the spread of Islam into Africa

• • • • • • Which of the following areas was originally founded as a settlement by the Dutch?

a. Quebec b. Montreal c. New York d. Massachusetts c. New York

As part of the Columbian Exchange, which of the following was carried west across the Atlantic?

• • • • • a. livestock b. tobacco c. potatoes d. tomatoes a. livestock

Which European country was the first to import enslaved Africans to the Americas?

• • • • • a. the Netherlands b. France c. England d. Spain d. Spain

What prompted a wave of new businesses and trade practices in Europe in the 16th and 17th • • • • • centuries?

a. the global transfer of foods, plants, and animals during colonization b. new wealth from the Americas and the growth in overseas trade c. people pooling their wealth for a common purpose d. European countries becoming able to sell more goods than they bought b. new wealth from the Americas and the growth in overseas trade

What did the encomienda system provide for New Spain?

• • • • • a. more land b. more settlers c. military protection d. a cheap labor source d. a cheap labor source

Where in the Americas did Christopher Columbus land first?

• • • • • a. an island in the Caribbean Sea b. the southern tip of South America c. the coast of what is today Panama d. the eastern coast of North America a. an island in the Caribbean Sea

What was the purpose of most of the joint-stock companies of the 1500s and 1600s?

• • • • • a. financing wars in Africa b. funding colonies in the Americas c. paying for the building of slave ships d. funding the digging of gold mines b. funding colonies in the Americas

Why did Europeans see Africans as a better a source of labor than Native Americans?

• • • • • • a. Africans had complete immunity to all diseases, so they wouldn’t die off.

b. Africans had no experience in farming, so they wouldn’t try to do things their way.

c. Africans were strangers in the Americas, so they wouldn’t have allies or places to hide.

d. Africans were already Christians, so they didn’t have to be converted.

c. Africans were strangers in the Americas, so they wouldn’t have allies or places to hide.

Who conquered the Aztec empire?

• • • • • a. Hernando Cortés b. Francisco Pizarro c. Ferdinand Magellan d. Vasco Núñez de Balboa a. Hernando Cortés

What was the main economic activity in New France?

• • • • • a. finding gold and spices b. building a fur trade c. finding religious freedom d. creating long-term colonial investments b. building a fur trade

How did slavery in African and Muslim societies differ from slavery in the Americas?

• • • • • a. People in African and Muslim societies could not escape their slavery.

b. Slavery in the Americas was based on race and heredity.

c. Enslaved people in African and Muslim societies could not rise socially.

d. The slavery in Africa and Muslim societies was based primarily on race.

b. Slavery in the Americas was based on race and heredity.

What was one effect in Europe of the financial success of American colonies?

• • • • • a. The prices of goods steadily increased.

b. The prices of goods steadily decreased.

c. The supply of goods increased to meet demand.

d. Both the prices and supply of goods steadily increased.

a. The prices of goods steadily increased.

How did Bartolemé de Las Casas affect race relations in the Americas?

• • • • • • a. He urged better treatment of Native Americans but proposed using African laborers.

b. He led a well-organized uprising against the Spanish to protest the treatment of Native Americans.

c. He started a colony in present-day Arizona based on equality of all men.

d. He visited the king of Spain to protest the treatment of Native Americans.

a. He urged better treatment of Native Americans but proposed using African laborers.

According to the policy of mercantilism, how • • • • • could a nation increase its wealth?

a. It should center its wealth and power in its government.

b. It should spread its wealth and power among private individuals.

c. It should sell more goods than it buys from other countries.

d. It should buy more goods than it sells to other countries.

c. It should sell more goods than it buys from other countries.

How was Africa affected by the Atlantic slave trade?

• • • • • a. Many cultures lost their fittest members, and families were torn apart.

b. All African countries prospered and grew to be world powers.

c. Kings were able to stop rebellions with the firearms they received in trade.

d. African empires became safer because they traded away their criminals.

a. Many cultures lost their fittest members, and families were torn apart.

TEST ESSAY TOPICS

• • • The St. Lawrence Waterway The African slave trade: causes, contributors, impact on population and culture Competing claims in North America