Transcript Leaderhip PowerPoint Chapter 8

Leadership:
Understanding its Global Impact
Chapter 8:
Power and influence
Learning objectives
• Recognise various types of power that
leaders draw upon
• Explain the relationship between power
and influence
• Identify various tactics for becoming an
empowering leader
• Explain how empowerment works
• Understand the less direct forms of
influencing people
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Chapter contents
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Spotlight: Jim Taggart
Introduction
Sources and types of power
Power and transformational leadership
Influence tactics
Connecting power and influence tactics
Leader in action: Dr James Cowley
Gentle Influence
Empowerment
Summary
Case study: Kevin Rudd and Malcolm Turnbull
Spotlight: Jim Taggart
• Provides an alternative view of
power and influence
• Effective influence involves a
combination of humility and a
fierce resolve
• There are many alternative power
sources available to modern
leaders
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Introduction
• Power and influence are at the
heart of leadership
• Position – does it influence?
• Need to acquire different forms of
power
• Leaders need to inspire and
motivate and not rely on postition
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Power – A dirty word?
• Kanter 1983
‘… the last dirty word. It is easier to talk about
money—and much easier to talk about sex—
than it is to talk about power.’
• Galinsky et al. 2008
time to ‘look beyond the stereotype of power
as corrupting’
• 80% of managers terminated by
organisations are terminated because
of an inappropriate influencing style
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Sources and types of power
• Power bases
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Power and transformational
leadership
• The use of personal power (both
referent and expert) is related to
the perception of transformational
leadership
• Leaders who draw upon their
personal power rather than their
positional power are perceived as
more able …
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Influence
• Yukl, Lepsinger & Lucia 1992
– Influence Behavior Questionnaire
• Yukl & Tracey 1992
– 11 influence tactics – proactive
• Effective leaders use a range of
influence tactics and do not rely
on a limited repertoire
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Connecting power and
influence tactics
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Leader in action: Dr James Cowley
‘The first thing a leader has to do
is train himself to reject power as
a leadership or management
approach. Once you believe you
have power, you will lose the plot.
Lasting influence does not come
through power …’.
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Gentle influence
• Global financial crisis caused
by widespread aggressive and
inappropriate influencing?
• Time to move on?
• Pace, Miller & Stephan 2008
– 8 techniques for applying gentle
influence
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Empowerment
• Psychological empowerment
– Spreitzer 1995, team members feel
empowered when four related
components are enabled
• Environmental empowerment
– Lee & Koh 2001, empowerment arises
because of the behaviour of the
leader rather than the psychological
state of team members
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Summary
• Influence is what leadership is all
about
• Effective leaders use a wide
variety of influence tactics
• Leaders need power to increase
their ability to influence others
• Trend away from direct and
aggressive forms of influence
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Case study: Kevin Rudd and
Malcolm Turnbull
• The modern expectation is that leaders will influence
others by persuasion or inspiration rather than by
coercion or by giving orders. It is expected that they will
produce cooperative effort towards common goals. In
your opinion which of the leaders is best suited to meet
this expectation? Why?
• Using the list of influencing tactics described in this
chapter, observe in the media both leaders in action
over a four-week period. Calculate the tactics they
most often use. Determine through opinion polls if
these tactics are working for them.
• Given the similarities and differences between the two
leaders, use the theory on power and influence
outlined in this chapter to explain the effectiveness of
their styles.
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