Transcript Kanayashree Prakalpa Scheme of West Bengal

Kanyashree Prakalpa
A Scheme for
the Empowerment of Adolescent Girls
in West Bengal, India
Kazi Nafisa Islam
Purba Barasat Adarsha Bidyapith,
Barasat, North 24 Parganas West Bengal
Smt. Roshni Sen, IAS
Secretary to the Government of West Bengal
Dept. of Child Development, Woman Development & Social
Welfare
CHILD MARRIAGE IN WEST BENGAL
Negative Impact of child marriage
•
(DLHS-3, 07-08)
– 5th highest prevalence
– 54.7% (women aged 20-24 years are married
before the completion of 18)
•
•
Gendered practice – significantly
more girls than boys affected
Also prevalent in urban areas
DLHS 4 (2012 -13)
32.1% (of girls aged 18 years currently getting
married before 18 years)
• Poor retention of girls in education
• Early pregnancies, maternal and child ill-health
and mortality, life-long health implications
• Child marriages are a conduit for trafficking
• Girls are susceptible to poverty, exploitation
and trafficking because of low education
• Affects not only young girls, but families,
community and society
• Perpetuates generational cycles of
disempowerment
• Contributes to feminization of poverty
The State of West Bengal seeks to change this disabling context
through Kanyashree Prakalpa,
a conditional cash transfer scheme
Announced by Chief Minister on 8th March, 2013
And launched on 1st October 2013
Priya Karmakar,
Purba Barasat Adarsha
Bidyapith, Barasat,
North 24 Parganas
West Bengal
ANALYTICAL STUDY TAKES INTO ACCOUNT
•
Little perceptible outcome of legal enforcement and anti-child marriage campaigns
•
Effectiveness of CCT schemes in creating social safety net and in negotiating
behavior change
•
Rationale for promoting education as a strategy:
– Reduces probability of child marriage (UNFPA) and increases employability (World Bank)
•
Analysis of shortcomings in existing CCT schemes for children in India
– Multiplicity of milestones, eligibility criteria and benefits over a protracted period of time
– Operational challenges, e.g.
• Difficulties in identifying beneficiaries,
• Poor management and communication between implementing departments,
• An unclear understanding of the scheme’s purposes at field levels,
• Delayed transfer of payments to beneficiaries, and an
• Absence of grievance mechanisms and feedback loops to inform the process.
• No evaluative processes
DESIGN COMPONENTS & STRATEGY
Conditional Cash Transfer
Component 1 : Annual scholarship of INR 500
to unmarried girls aged 13-18 years
enrolled in Grades VIII-XII or equivalent
Component 2 : One-time grant of INR 25,000
to unmarried girls aged 18 years pursuing
education, vocational / technical training / sports
Banking: Zero-balance bank accounts in girls names,
simplified opening procedures, direct transfer of funds
Innovative Communication strategy
•Discourages child
marriage
•Incentivizes
education
•Ensures Financial
inclusion
•Promotes social
power and self
esteem of girls
Applicable for girls whose family income of not more than INR. 120,000 per annum.)
No family income bar for girls with special needs / who have lost both parents / residing in J.J.
homes
Certification by local authorities
EFFICIENT SERVICE DELIVERY MECHANISMS
Designed for accessibility & speed
One-window service delivery
Application forms available in schools, enrollment
and bank account opening facilitated by schools
Application, scrutiny and
sanctioning through e-portal
reduces paperwork and increases the response
time at each node of the process
Scrutiny of eligibility criteria
Monthly random-sample scrutiny
Unique ID for each beneficiary
Renewals annual scholarships and for the onetime grant at age 18 will be facilitated through the
beneficiary’s data already available on the portal.
TARGETED COMMUNICATION STRATEGY
Documented communication
strategy with components of
public advocacy and behavior
change methods
•
Awareness through
– Schools & other institutions
– Mass media & celebrity endorsement, and
traditional formats such as melas, street theatre
•
•
Kanyashree Day at state, district and block levels,
with girls achievers being felicitated
Kanyashree movement through
– events, poetry writing competitions etc
– Kanayshree clubs
– methods that attract young girls such as specially
designed bangles, ID cards,
– a pledge
•
Publicized by various government departments
– ASHA newsletters (Dept of Health & Family
Welfare)
– At libraries of Dept of Mass Education
– Advertisements of Consumer Affairs Dept -
CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT
CONVERGENT DEVELOPMENT & IMPLEMENTATION
Government,
banking sector & social sector
Department of Woman Development and Social Welfare
Nodal department
Department of Finance, Departments of School
Education, Higher Education and Technical Education and
Training, Minority Affairs & Madrasah Education
Key partner departments
Department of Mass Education Extension and Library
Services, Panchayat and Rural Development, Municipal
Affairs, , Department of Health and Family Welfare,
Information and Cultural Affairs, Sports & Youth Services
Promoting and supporting the scheme in
their own domains
Banking sector
Opening of zero-balance accounts and
disbursement of funds
NIC West Bengal
E-governance
UNICEF Office for West Bengal
Technical support
Private sectors
JWT India, Nielson India P. Ltd, distribution
of bicycles to beneficiaries
NGOs at the grassroots
Encouraging enrollments, developing
Kanyashree clubs etc
MANAGEMENT & MONITORING STRUCTURES
Management
State Project
Management Unit
District Level Project
Management Units
• Block level units
• Schools & other
educational
institutions
•
•
•
Monitoring
State
District
Block &
grass-roots
Steering and Monitoring
Committee chaired by Hon’ble
Finance Minister
Steering and Monitoring
Committees chaired by DMs
• Steering and Monitoring
Committees chaired by BDOs
• Schools & other educational
institutions
Continual communication through video conferences, feedback based on analysis of MIS data
Responsive action on grievances in application form distribution, enrollment and remittances
through interaction of ground level field implementers and beneficiaries.
State, district and block and district level officials monitor the performance of schemes, and
continually refine processes to work around area-specific challenges
ONE WINDOW ONLINE MANAGEMENT PORTAL
• The entire scheme is
enabled through a dedicated
online portal
– Enrollment
– Scrutiny
– Sanctioning of applications
• Serves as a real-time
reporting system
• Ensures transparency,
efficiency and zero leakage
• Has a feedback mechanism
CAPACITY BUILDING
• All significant stakeholders – district
and block level officials and school
personnel provided training
•
•
•
•
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Teachers
BDOs, BIOs, DIOs
Elected reps
SI / DI of schools
Data managers, etc
• Pool of 89 master trainers created
• Refresher trainings will continue as
the scheme’s implementation is
being streamlined.
All implementing
stakeholders follow the
Scheme’s
Implementation Guidelines
Version 1.0, with a second
version being currently
drafted.
SUSTAINABILITY
• Low administrative cost – high impact
– Administrative and publicity budget : Rs. 67 crores,
approx. 10% of the estimated Rs. 600 crores
disbursement to beneficiaries.
• GoWB views expenditure incurred as an
investment in the education of adolescent girls.
– Flagship scheme of the government, and is entirely
state-government funded
– Rs. 700 crores earmarked by West Bengal
government despite financial crunch
Political ownership,
leadership and
commitment from the
top, and huge
response from the
bottom-up has made
the scheme vibrant
and sustainable
REPLICABLE IN ITS ENTIRETY
• Single point of service-delivery: schools & other educational
institutions – where target recipient is enrolled
• Implemented & monitored through existing government
machinery
• End-to-end IT enabled
• Has a comprehensive implementation guidelines and a
documented communication strategy which can be
periodically updated
NO. OF BENEFICIARIES ( 2013-2014)
2,100,000
Nos.
1,983,673
2,000,000
Nos.
1,833,378
1,900,000
1,800,000
1,700,000
Nos.
1,682,471
1,600,000
1,500,000
Targeted
Over 19.8 lakh applications received
Over 18.3 lakh applications sanctioned
Enrolled
Sanctioned
118% of target applications received
92.4 % applications sanctioned
IMPACT ASSESSMENT
•
A baseline survey is being undertaken with the support of UNICEF
–
•
Key result areas being monitored are Education indicators
•
Marriage indicators
•
Implementation indicators
– Report due in December, 2014
Midline study to be held 3 years after baseline study
Acknowledged as a ‘good practice’
Girl Summit 2014
(Department for International Development, UK
and UNICEF in London. )
Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao’ Scheme
Ministry of Women and Child Development, India
RAPID ASSESSMENT (UNICEF, SEPT 2014)
School attendance rate has improved
from 72% in 2011-12 to 75% in 2013-14.
Child marriage numbers have declined
from 73 identified cases in 2012-13 to
54 cases in 2013-14.
75.5
75
75
74.5
74
73.5
73
72.5
72
72
2011-12
2012-13
72
71.5
71
70.5
2013-14
Financial inclusion
•
Approximately 10,286 new bank accounts were opened for the
beneficiaries of the scheme by the school authorities.
RAPID ASSESSMENT (UNICEF, SEPT 2014)
Some receipients of the one-time grant:
North 24 Parganas (Nabapally Jogendranath Balika Bidyamandir (Barasat- I)
Monami Chakraborty - Class XII
Daughter of truck driver, was
looking for a loan so that she
could study medicine.
Champa Gayen Class XI
Works as a domestic help while
educating herself. Used some of
the money to buy a bag, and pay
her tuition fees
Sonali Das, ex-student, now in college
Family was pressurizing her to
give up studying after Class XII.
Now in college in Bengali
Honours, wants to do her B. Ed
WAY FORWARD
Key strength: Dynamism
• Core design simple - lends itself
to vertical and horizontal growth
• Focus on continuous
improvement for efficiency and
accountability
Current areas of development
• E-Portal being integrated with CPFMS for
better financial management & effective fundflow
• Digital Certificates, USB e-Tokens and SSL
Certificates for greater quality assurance and
accountability
• Strengthening grievance mechanisms
• Reservation of seats for vocational training,
priority in polytechnic girls’ hostels &
reduction of fees for admissions and
counselling
• Linkages with stakeholders such as CSR
Rimpi Debnath
“Our child now has a
foundation – we have
hope that she can stand
on her own feet”
Voices of parents
Rapid Assessment, (UNICEF 2014)
Several years of sustained
implementation are expected to bring
about a discernable change in the status
of the state’s girls and women.
Purba Barasat
Adarsha
Bidyapith,
Barasat, North
24 Parganas
West Bengal