Transcript Which of the following is NOT part of the axial skeleton?
Which of the following is NOT part of the axial skeleton?
1. skull 2. vertebral column 3. pelvis 4. rib cage
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Which of the following provides support for the body, attachment sites for muscles, and protection for internal organs?
1. skin
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2. spinal cord 3. skeleton 4. joints
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Which of the following is NOT a function of bones in the human skeletal system?
1. store minerals 2. regulate body temperature 3. move body parts 4. protect organs
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How many bones are found in an adult human skeleton?
1. 150 2. 200 3. 206 4. 212
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The main function of the skull is to 1. produce blood cells.
2. protect the heart and lungs.
3. protect the brain.
4. act like a lever for muscle attachment.
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Which of the following contains nerves and blood vessels and runs through the compact bone?
1. osteocytes
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2. Haversian canals 3. bone marrow 4. periosteum
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Which of the following is true about red marrow?
1. It makes blood cells.
2. It stores fat.
3. It produces new bone.
4. It is found in compact bones of adults.
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The periosteum is a 1.
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3.
4.
place for storing fat cells.
location for red blood cell production.
tough layer of connective tissue surrounding a bone.
latticework structure that adds strength to the bone.
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Where are Haversian canals located?
1. in the periosteum 2. running through compact bone 3. running through cartilage 4. running through spongy bone
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3.
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Which of the following is NOT true about spongy bone?
It is less dense than compact bone.
It is organized into structures that resemble a bridge’s supporting girders.
It is soft and spongy.
It adds strength to bone without adding mass.
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What is the skeleton of an embryo mainly composed of?
1. bone 2. cartilage 3. bone marrow 4. growth plates
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What is the function of cells called osteoclasts?
1. build and maintain bone 2. break down bone 3. support the skin 4. produce blood cells
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If a bone is broken, which of the following produces new bone tissue to heal the break?
1. marrow
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2. Haversian canals 3. osteoblasts 4. leukocytes
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Which are mature bone cells embedded in the bone matrix?
1. osteoblasts 2. osteocytes 3. osteoclasts 4. cartilage
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Ossification occurs in which of the following?
1. embryos 2. newborn children and teenagers 3. embryos and newborn children 4. embryos, newborn children, and teenagers
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Diagram A in Figure 36 –1 is an example of a 1. ball-and-socket joint.
2. saddle joint.
3. hinge joint.
4. pivot joint.
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Saddle joints are represented in which diagram in Figure 36 –1?
1. Diagram A 2. Diagram B 3. Diagram C 4. Diagram D
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Which type of freely movable joints in Figure 36 –1 are examples of joints that permit only back-and-forth movement?
1. Diagram A
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2. Diagram B 3. Diagram C 4. Diagram D
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Ligaments connect 1. cartilage to bone.
2. muscle to muscle.
3. bone to muscle.
4. bone to bone.
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What body part has a joint that works in a manner similar to a door?
1. wrist 2. thumb 3. skull 4. knee
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In Figure 36 –2, B is an example of 1.
2.
3.
4.
cardiac muscle.
skeletal muscle.
smooth muscle.
heart muscle.
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Which diagram(s) in Figure 36 –2 show(s) muscles that are striated?
1. A and B 2. B 3. C 4. A and C
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Which diagram(s) in Figure 36 –2 show(s) muscles that decrease the size of the pupils of your eyes in bright light?
1. A
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2. B 3. C 4. A and C
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About what percentage of the mass of the human body is made up of muscle?
1. less than 10 percent 2. 20 percent 3. 30 percent 4. more than 40 percent
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Where is cardiac muscle tissue located in the body?
1. heart 2. ribs 3. skull 4. bones
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Where is the protein called actin located in the body?
1. ATP molecules 2. thin filaments 3. myosin filaments 4. acetylcholine neurotransmitters
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In addition to myosin, what other protein is involved in skeletal muscle contraction?
1. collagen 2. actin 3. ATP 4. chitin
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What happens when the thin filaments in a muscle fiber slide over the thick filaments?
1. A muscle contracts.
2. A muscle relaxes.
3. A muscle both contracts and relaxes.
4. A muscle neither contracts nor relaxes.
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Myosin and actin make up 1. osteoblasts.
2. collagen.
3. myofibrils.
4. red marrow.
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According to the sliding-filament model, which of the following steps does NOT occur in muscle contraction?
1.
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3.
4.
Myosin and actin filaments come near each other.
Myosin filaments form cross bridges with actin filaments.
Cross-bridges pull the two filaments past each other.
Actin filaments return to their original positions.
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What tough connective tissues join skeletal muscles to bones?
1. joints 2. ligaments 3. periosteum 4. tendons
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Which of the following types of muscle generally remains in a state of partial contraction when your legs are straight?
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1. skeletal muscle 2. cardiac muscle 3. smooth muscle 4. all of the above
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Which of the following is NOT true about muscle tone?
It is responsible for keeping the back and legs straight when you’re
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relaxed.
It is increased through regular exercise.
It describes the tightening of some muscles.
It increases with age.
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The elbow joint bends when the 1. triceps muscle contracts.
2. triceps muscle relaxes.
3. biceps muscle contracts.
4. biceps muscle relaxes.
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Which of the following is NOT true about the effects of exercise on muscles?
1. It increases muscle tone.
2. It adds material to the outside of the muscle cells.
3. It increases the efficiency of the heart.
4. It can cause muscles to visibly increase in size.
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The most important function of the skin is 1. protection.
2. storing fat.
3. sweating.
4. insulation.
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What two layers make up skin?
1. keratin and dermis 2. epidermis and melanin 3. epidermis and dermis 4. melanin and keratin
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The top layer of the epidermis is made of 1. flat, dead cells.
2. melanin.
3. collagen.
4. healthy, living cells.
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Which of the following is NOT a function of skin?
1. helps regulate body temperature 2. removes body wastes 3. contracts and relaxes muscles 4. helps prevent infection
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What happens when the keratin producing cells of the skin die?
1. Melanin and keratin are produced.
2. An additional dermis layer is formed.
3. A waterproof coating is formed.
4. Melanin is produced.
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Which of the following is NOT part of the integumentary system?
1. skin 2. cartilage 3. nails 4. hair
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From which of the following does the basic structure of hair and nails form?
1. sweat 2. melanin 3. collagen 4. keratin
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Individual hairs are columns of cells that died after becoming filled with 1. keratin.
2. dermis.
3. melanin.
4. sweat.
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Which of the following are tubelike pockets of epidermal cells that extend into the dermis?
1. epidermal layers
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2. keratin layers 3. melanin cells 4. hair follicles
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Which of the following structures is NOT formed by keratin?
1. reptile scales 2. feathers 3. tip of the nose 4. hair
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Bones provide a system of fixed points on which muscles act to produce movement. _________________________ 1. True
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2. False
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The appendicular skeleton consists of the arms, legs, pelvis, and shoulder area. _________________________ 1. True
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2. False
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The periosteum is a tough layer of connective tissue that surrounds a typical bone. _________________________ 1. True
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2. False
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Red marrow is made up primarily of fat cells. _________________________ 1. True 2. False
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In adults, cartilage is found in parts of the body where flexibility is needed. _________________________ 1. True
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2. False
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The condition in which joints are inflamed is bursitis. _________________________ 1. True 2. False
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The different classes of joints are based on their location. ______________________________ 1. True
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2. False
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Because skeletalmuscle cells are long and slender, they are often called muscle fibers. _________________________ 1. True
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2. False
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Smooth muscle is found in just one place in the body. _________________________ 1. True 2. False
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The thick filaments in myofibrils contain a protein called actin. _________________________ 1. True
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2. False
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ATP supplies the energy for muscle contraction. _________________________ 1. True 2. False
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Individual skeletal muscles can only push in one direction. _________________________ 1. True
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2. False
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Melanocytes are located in the dermis. _________________________ 1. True 2. False
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The outer layer of dead cells of the skin is shed every seven to ten weeks. _________________________ 1. True
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2. False
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Nails grow from an area of rapidly dividing cells known as the nail root. _________________________ 1. True
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2. False
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0 0 0 0 0 Participant Scores Participant 1 Participant 2 Participant 3 Participant 4 Participant 5
The vertebral column and skull are part of the ____________________ skeleton.
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The ____________________ form a cage that protects the heart and lungs.
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A less dense tissue known as ____________________ is found in the ends of long bones and in the middle part of short, flat bones.
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The process by which cartilage changes slowly to bone is ____________________.
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Unlike bone, cartilage does not contain any ____________________ and must therefore rely on nutrients in surrounding tissues.
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The joints between adjacent vertebrae are slightly ____________________ joints.
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A ____________________ consists of two layers made up of ligaments and cells that produce synovial fluid.
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Most ____________________ muscles are controlled by the nervous system.
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The concept used to explain the action of filaments in muscle contraction is the _________________________.
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The point of contact between a motor neuron and a skeletal muscular cell is called a(an) _________________________.
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The muscle that opens, or extends, the elbow joint is the ____________________.
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A slight scratch of the skin does not cause bleeding because the epidermis lacks ____________________.
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The dark brown pigment in the skin is called ____________________.
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Hair and nails are part of the _________________________ system.
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Nail roots are to nails as _________________________ are to hair.
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What are three functions of the human skeleton?
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Name and describe the two major parts of the skeletal system.
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What are bones made of?
What are growth plates and where are they located?
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Where is cartilage located on an adult human? Why is cartilage necessary?
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Figure 36 –3
What type of joint —immovable, slightly movable, or freely movable —is being illustrated in Figure 36 –3?
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In Figure 36 –3, identify and explain the function of the structure labeled A.
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In Figure 36 –3, identify and give the functions of the structures labeled B and C.
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What are the three different types of muscle?
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If you were to tie your shoelaces, which muscle tissue would be involved? Why?
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Each muscle fiber has an all-or-none response. How, then, can the strength of the muscle contraction vary?
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In a left-handed person, which hand would probably have more strength? Why?
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Compare the structures found in the epidermis with the structures found in the dermis.
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What are the four functions of the integumentary system?
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Compare and contrast keratin and melanin.
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Further explain these functions of the skeleton: allows movement, stores mineral reserves, and provides a site for blood cell formation.
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Compare and contrast spongy bone and compact bone.
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Why might a doctor X-ray the wrist of a very short 17-year-old boy, even if there has been no injury?
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Name the three types of joints. Give an example of each type.
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Name and compare the three types of muscle.
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Describe the roles of acetylcholine and the enzyme that destroys this chemical at the neuromuscular junction.
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When a musician is playing the violin, the muscles in the upper arms are working in pairs. Describe this dual action.
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Why is exercise important for the body?
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How does skin help to control body temperature?
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How is hair produced and how does it grow?
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