Transcript Scientific Method - Alvin Independent School District
If you did not pick up homework yesterday do so today!! Due FRIDAY
Get out ISN we are taking notes over Scientific Method/Lab Write up Tutorials tomorrow morning for lab make-up and homework help 8am
Scientific Method/Lab Write up
An
orderly
and
systematic
way of solving a problem
1. PROBLEM
QUESTION
YOU ARE SEEKING AN
ANSWER
FOR
ALWAYS IN THE FORM OF A QUESTION.
Does the amount of liquid affect the growth of plants?
Does the type of liquid affect the growth of plants?
Does the amount of light affect the growth of plants?
Does the type of soil affect the growth of plants?
MUST BE ABLE TO ANSWER THROUGH EXPERIMENTATION
-RESEARCH
COLLECT KNOWN INFORMATION EXAMPLE: RESEARCH READ OBSERVE
-PREDICTION
A
LOGICAL GUESS
OF AN OUTCOME
BASED ON DATA AND PRIOR KNOWLEDGE
. IF YOU HEAR THUNDER, YOU COULD PREDICT THAT IT WILL RAIN.
2. HYPOTHESIS
EDUCATED GUESS
TO ANSWER THE QUESTION The more research, the better our hypothesis
Should be written in an “if- then” statement
I think if the amount of light is changed, then the plant growth will be affected.
I think if the type of liquid is varied, then the plant growth will change. I think the type of fertilizer affects plant growth.
7 10 5 # Post 3
Face Book Activity
hypothesis Try to organize ---------
3. EXPERIMENT
PLANNED WAY SOLVING
OF A PROBLEM WRITTEN AS STEPS KNOWN AS PROCEDURE.
GIVING INSTRUCTIONS LAB
Tell me how to make Peanut butter and Jelly Sandwich
GIVING INSTRUCTIONS
Quick Write- Using 5 complete sentences, describe what happened and write what you learned
VARIABLE
FACTORS IN AN EXPERIMENT THAT
CHANGE
1. Independent Variable
M
- Manipulated
I
- Independent
X
- X axis This is the variable that you are purposefully
changing.
YOU MAY ONLY HAVE 1 INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
2. Dependent Variable
D
- Dependent
R
- Responding
Y
- Y axis This is the variable you are
measuring it will be recorded in your data!
CONSTANT
FACTORS IN AN EXPERIMENT THAT A SCIENTIST PURPOSELY KEEPS THE SAME.
CONTROL
group that serves as the standard of comparison.
Treated as the same as the samples, but not exposed to the independent variable
Write the procedure to make a peanut butter jelly sandwich. Be sure to write them in steps and
be specific!
4. DATA/ OBSERVATIONS
COMPILE DATA
INFORMATION
COLLECTED FROM EXPERIMENTS
-OBSERVATION
DATA THAT YOU COLLECT THAT YOU CAN
PHYSICALLY
OBTAIN USING YOUR 5
SENSES
.
-INFERENCE
LOGICAL INTERPRETATION BASED ON PRIOR
KNOWLEDGE
AND
EXPERIENCE
. IF SOMEONE IS WET, YOU COULD INFER IT IS RAINING OUTSIDE.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Observations vs. Inferences
The plant has roots.
The plant uses water.
The plant has leaves.
The plant has flowers.
The plant grew from a seed.
The plant is growing in soil.
The plant is green and yellow.
The plant is growing in a pot.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Young people are playing basketball.
The players are in high school.
People are watching the game.
The score is tied.
The game is almost over.
The people are indoors.
There are 6 players
MYSTERY Diapers
List 5 observations (I see, I feel, I smell, etc) List 5 inferences
PRECISION
MEASURING WITH
ACCURACY
AND
EXACTNESS.
A MEASUREMENT OF 5.5CM IS MORE PRECISE THAN 5CM.
AVERAGING NUMBERS
MANY TIMES SCIENTISTS WILL HAVE SEVERAL ANSWERS FOR A PART OF AN EXPERIMENT. The best method of dealing with this situation, is to average.
EXAMPLE OF AVERAGING
ADD
THE DIFFERENT ANSWERS TO REACH A TOTAL. THEN
DIVIDE
THE TOTAL BY THE NUMBER OF DIFFERENT ANSWERS.
GRAPH
A PICTURE OF DATA NUMERICAL DATA
KINDS OF GRAPHS
1. CIRCLE GRAPH A . DIVIDED CIRCLE B . SHOWS HOW A PART OF SOMETHING RELATES TO THE WHOLE VALUE.
BAR GRAPH
HELPS YOU COMPARE THINGS SUCH AS – AMOUNTS or
QUANTITIES
LINE GRAPH
A . LETS YOU PLOT SEVERAL DIFFERENT FORMS OF DATA.
B . HELPS YOU SEE PATTERNS OR TRENDS.
TAILS Title:
Includes both variables
Axis:
IV on X-axis and DV on Y-axis
Interval:
The interval (4) is appropriate for this scale.
Label
: Both axes are labeled.
Scale:
Min and max values are appropriate.
Plant Growth time (days)
1 7 14 21 24 30
height (cm)
15 26 33 47 54 60
GRAPHING DEDUCTIONS
Title (5) X & Y title (5) X label/ scale (5) Y Label/ scale (5) Start at zero (5) Straight lines (5) # increments (5) IV/ DV (20) Plot (20)
5. CONCLUSION
ANSWER
TO THE PROBLEM
THEORY
MOST LOGICAL EXPLANATION FOR EVENTS THAT HAPPENED
LAW
A THEORY THAT HAS BEEN
TESTED
MANY TIMES AND IS GENERALLY ACCEPTED AS
TRUE.
REPLAY Conclusions
R – restate the problem question E – explain what you did to test P – pull in the data L – look for patterns A – answer the problem question Y – yes or no to hypothesis (hypothesis correct? Why or why not?)