Transcript SAT Translating Verbal Phrases
More English to Algebra
Translating word problems
Translating Verbal Phrases
The key to translating verbal phrases it to know what the English words mean mathematically… It’s expected that you know the words that mean add, subtract, multiply and divide Here are some more terms for the following…
Words that mean Add or Subtract COPY THIS!
Addition
Plus Increased by Sum More than combined In all
Subtraction
Minus Less Subtract Fewer than Decreased by together Total Difference between/of Less than (reverses the order of subtraction)
Words that mean Multiply or Divide COPY THIS!
Multiply
Product of Times by a factor of Each Of Factors Divided
Divide
Out of Rate Quotient of A, An, in, or per Multiplied by Separate Ratio of Percent (divide by 100)
Translating Verbal Phrases COPY THIS!
The starting point to translate verbal phrases is to
identify the variable first
… Most often you will know what the variable is by the phrase
“a number”
… It doesn’t matter which order you
add multiply…you
or will get the same results; however, when
subtracting
or
dividing
it DOES matter which order you place the numbers
Example # 1
Five years older than her brother 1.
First identify the variable…in this case the variable is her brother’s age…lets call that
a
2. The term “older than” means to add 3. Five years means the number 5 So the above expression can be written as: 5 +
a
Strategies COPY THIS!
Some strategies that you can use when working with this concept are: Read the expression or sentence more than once… Underline, circle, or box each of the terms as you identify them Lets look at some more examples….
Example # 2
Six dollars an hour times the number of hours 1.
2.
3.
Hour is the variable …let’s call it h Times means to multiply Six dollars means the number 6 The algebraic expression is: 6 ∙ h This can also be written as 6 h
Example # 3
Three more than the quantity five times a number 1.
2.
3.
5 times a number is the variable …let’s call it 5n More than means to add Three means the number 3 The algebraic expression is: 5n + 3
Example # 4
1.
2.
3.
4.
Two less than the sum of 6 and a number
m
A number
m
is the variable The
sum
of 6 and m means to
add
Two
less than
means to
subtract
2 In this instance you have to add before you subtract…so the sum of 6 and m would go in parenthesis The algebraic expression is: (6 +
m
) – 2
Example # 5
A number
x
decreased
by the
sum
of 10 and the square of a number y 1.
2.
A number
x
Decreased
is the variable means to
subtract
3.
4.
The
sum
means to
add
In this instance you have to add the sum of 10 and the square of a number y . Since you have to perform this function first before you subtract …10 and the square of y would go in parenthesis The algebraic expression is:
x
– ( 10 + y 2 )
Verbal Sentences into Equations and Inequalities COPY THIS!
The words for equal are:
is, are, was, were, will be, gives, yields, sold for
The words for inequalities are as follows:
Less than Less than or equal to, at most Greater than Greater than or equal to, at least < ≤ > ≥
Example # 6
Nine less
than the product of
ten and a number d is eleven 2.
3.
4.
1.
The variable is
10 and a number d
, which is written as
10d
Nine less “is”
means to subtract 9 means equal The
total
is 11 The algebraic expression is:
10d – 9 = 11
Comments
On the next couple of slides are some practice problems…The answers are on the last slide… Do the practice and then check your answers…If you do not get the same answer you must question what you did…go back and problem solve to find the error…
Your Turn COPY THIS!
Translate the verbal phrase into an algebraic expression. Use x for the variable in your expression
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Nine more than an number Three more than ½ a number The quotient of a number and two tenths The difference of ten and a number Five squared minus a number
Your Turn COPY THIS!
Write each sentence as an algebraic equation or inequality
6.
7.
8.
9.
Nine is greater than three times a number Twenty-five is the quotient of a number y and 3.5
Three times the quantity two less than a number x is ten The quotient of thirty-five and a number t is less than or equal to seven 10.
A number q is equal to or greater than one hundred
Check your answers
Translate the verbal phrase into an algebraic expression. Use x for the variable in your expression
1.
Nine more than an number 9 + x or x + 9 2.
Three more than ½ a number ½x + 3 or 3 + ½x 3.
4.
5.
The quotient of a number and two tenths x 2/10 The difference of ten and a number 10 – x Five squared minus a number 5 2 – x
Check your answers
Write each sentence as an algebraic equation or inequality
6.
Nine is greater than three times a number 9 > 3x 7.
8.
9.
Twenty-five is the quotient of a number y and 3.5
25 = y / 3.5
Three times the quantity two less than a number x is ten 3(x – 2) = 10 The quotient of thirty-five and a number t is less than or equal to seven 35 / t ≤ 7 10.
A number q is equal to or greater than one hundred q ≥ 100
SAT Word Problem example 1
If 4 less than x is 1 more than y, what is x in terms of y?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Y – 3 Y + 1 Y + 3 Y + 4 Y + 5
SAT Word Problem example 2
A number
x
is 3 less than 4 times the number
y
. Two times the sum of
x
and
y
is 9. Which of the following pairs of equations could be used to find the values of
x
and
y
?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
x = 4y – 3 y = 4x – 3 x = 4(y – 3) y = 4(x – 3) x = 4y – 3 2(x+y) = 9 2(x+y) = 9 2(x+y) = 9 2x+y = 9 2 (xy) = 9
SAT Word Problem example 3
Arthur has 3 times as many marbles as Scott. If Arthur gives Scott 6 marbles, Arthur will be left with 4 more marbles than Scott. What is the total number of marbles that Arthur and Scott have?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
36 32 30 24 21
SAT Word Problem example 4 GRID IN
Half the difference of two positive numbers is 10. If the smaller of the two numbers is 3, what is the sum of the two numbers?
SAT Word Problem example 5 GRID IN
If 11 is less than 7 times a certain number is 7 more than 4 times the number, what is the number?