Transcript Western Europe

Europe in the
Middle Ages
Lesson 1
•Feudalism and the Manor System
Lesson 2
•The Church and the Rise of Cities
Lesson 3
The Crusades
Lesson 4
The Power of Kings
Name________________
MOD______
Bell Ringer : Name one country in Western Europe
Objectives
• Find out how land and power were divided under
Feudalism
•Learn when the Middle Ages were and what they were
like
•Learn how the manor system worked
•Discover what life qwas like for peasants and serfs
Middle Ages –
The years between ancient and modern times
Medieval –
Referring to the middle ages
Feudalism –
A system in which land is owned by kings but held by
vassals in return for their loyalty
Manor –
A large estate, often including farms and a village,
ruled by a lord
Serf –
A farm worker considered part of the manor
in which he or she worked
Feudalism and the Manor System
1.
When was the beginning and the
ending of the Middle Ages?
They began about A.D. 500 and they ended
about A.D. 1500
2. What did Charlemagne accomplishment
during his reign?
He kept Western Europe united,
established schools, spread the
Christian religion, issued money and
improved the economy
3. Why do you think lords believed it was
important to give vassals land and to
treat them well?
They wanted the vassals to remain loyal
and to fight for them when necessary
4. Who held the power in the
feudal system?
Those who owned land such as
kings, barons and princes
5. What was life like for Medieval
Peasants ?
Peasants worked hard for most of
their lives. They lived in one
room huts. They slept in
uncomfortable beds, and ate
simple foods
The Church and
the Rise of
Cities
Objectives
• Learn why the Roman Catholic church
was so powerful during the Middle
Ages
• Discover the connection between the
increase in trade and the growth of
towns
• Find out what life was like in a
medieval town
Bell Ringer
• Tall spires reach toward the
heavens. Gorgeous stainedglassed windows feature rich
colors. Sculptures and carvings
of people, plants, and animals
seem to be everywhere.
Amazing flying buttresses masses of stonework or
brickwork attached to the
walls- help hold the building
up. What is this building?
• Clergy –
People with authority to perform religious services
• Excommunication –
Kicking someone out of the church
•
Guild –
A medieval organization of craftsmen or
trades people
• Apprentice –
An unpaid person training in a craft or trade
Chivalry –
The code of honorable conduct for knights
Troubadour –
A traveling poet or musician in the middle ages
Partnerd up 405
1.
2.
How was the church organized?
How was the church into everyone’s
everyday life?
3. What services did the monasteries and
convents provide?
4. What is scholasticism and who did the
Christian scholars decide it was
necessary?
5. Why did people finally decide it was
safe to travel and trade?
6. Why did towns begin to grow?
7. What was town life based on?
8. How did a person work up from an
apprentice to be part of a guild?
9. How did overcrowding lead to disease?
10. Name and describe several things that
shaped medieval culture.
The Church in the Middle Ages
1. What gave the church so much
political power?
A combination of its religious power and
the economic power it obtained from
collecting taxes and being the largest
single land owner in Western Europe
2. What unique opportunity did
covenants offer to women?
The opportunity to have an education
3. Why did people begin to travel more in
Western Europe?
Feudalism and the Church had stablized
the region making it a safer place
The Crusades
Objectives
• Learn about the cause of the
Crusades
• Find out about the different
Crusades and what they
accomplished
• Discover the effects the
Crusades had on life in Europe
• Holy Land –
Jerusalem and parts of the surrounding area where
Jesus lived and taught
• Crusades –
A series of military expeditions launched by Christian
Europeans to win the Holy Land back from
Muslim control
• Jerusalem –
A city in the Holy Land regarded by Christians,
Muslims and Jews as Holy Land
• Pilgrim –
A person who journeys to a holy place
1. What are the Crusades?
Eight military expeditions started be the church
to capture the Holy Land
2. How did the Turks attack on
the Byzantine empire help
trigger the Crusades?
The Byzantine emperor in
Constantinople asked for
Pope Urban II to send
knights for help and defend
against Muslim Turks
3. What city in the Holy Land
attracted religious pilgrims?
Jerusalem
The power of
Kings
Objectives
• Learn about the forces that led to
nation building in Western Europe
• Find out about nation building in
England
• Discover how the Hundred years
war affected England and France
Bell Ringer
• What might happen if greedy
people all want the same
thing?
• Magna Carta –
The great charter that was signed by King John in
1215. It limited the king’s power over the nobles
• Model Parliament –
A council of Lords, Clergy and Common People that
advised the English clergy on government matters
• Hundred Years’ War –
A series of wars between England and France 13371453
1. What things do a people of a nation share?
Territory, government and often language and culture
2. How do you think the development of nations
affected the power of a church?
It probably decreased the Church’s power because
kings had become powerful enough to challenge
the church
3. How did King John anger
the people of England?
He taxed people unfairly and
jailed people unjustly
4. How did he anger the
church?
He objected the appointment
of the bishop and seized
Church property
Bell Ringer
• What are two things that King
John did that angered the
nobles?
Challenge #7 Do not call out in classRaise your hand
Chapter 15
• Lesson 1
• The Renaissance begins
• Lesson 2
• The Renaissance moves
North
• Lesson 3
Martin Luther and the
Reformation
• Lesson 4
Reformation ideas spread
Bell Ringer
• By just looking at the word
Reformation, What do you
think it might mean?
• What other words are
contained inside the word
Reformation?
• Renaissance A widespread change of culture that
happened in Europe beginning in
the 1300s
• Humanism –
An interest in the classics
1. How did the wealth and
independence of Italian citystates encourage cultural
changes?
Wealthy merchants had time to
pursue art, reading and writing.
Artists and writers could work in
the city-states free from control of
kings, nobles and the church
2. Why do you think classical
works were largely ignored
during the middle ages?
The church had great influence
in the Middle Ages, and it
wanted people to turn away
from the worship of many gods
3. What was the main focus of
Renaissance visual arts?
Renaissance visual artists
focused on nature and human
form
The Renaissance moves North
Objectives :
• Understand how the Renaissance spread from Italy to
the North
• Identify key literary figures and ideas of the northern
Renaissance
• Identify key artists and artistic ideas of the Northern
Renaissance
•
Movable TypeIndividual letters and marks that can be
arraigned and rearranged quickly
1.
How did Gutenberg's printing press
contribute to the spread of
Renaissance ideas?
Books became more available to more
people and helped to spread more
ideas and information
2. In What way did Northern Renaissance
thinkers, such as Erasmus, apply the
ideas of humanism?
Erasmus and others applied humanism to
religious teachings
3. Why was the printing press an
important tool for spreading
new ideas during the
Renaissance?
Before the invention of the
printing press all documents
were hand written this took
time and few copies were
created
Martin Luther and the Reformation
•
Objectives
• Understand the developments that led to the
Reformation
• Learn about Luther’s criticism of the church
Understand the immediate effects of Luther’s ideas
in Europe
Bell Ringer
Where did the
Renaissance start?
• Indulgence –
An official pardon of a sin given by
the Pope in exchange for money
• Salvation –
To go to heaven in religious terms
• Reformation The term used to describe Luther’s
break with the church and the
movement it inspired
1. What kind of movement was
the Reformation?
The Reformation was a religious
movement
2. Who started the movement?
Martin Luther started the
Reformation
3. What was the main effect of
the Reformation?
It created a faith that was
different that the beliefs of the
Church
4. Why didn’t the church punish
Luther?
Luther’s popularity was getting
stronger and the church was
worried about a revolt
5.What event marked the
success of the Reformation?
The peace of Augsburg
Reformation ideas spread
Objectives
• Learn that Luther was the first of several religious
reformers
• Identify other religious movements of the 1500’s in
Europe
• Understand how the Catholic Church responded to
the Reformation
Bell Ringer
• Who was Martin Luther and
what did he do?
Vocabulary
• Protestant –
Refers to the Christian groups that
separated from the Catholic
church
1. What belief did Calvin share with
Luther?
They both believed that faith alone
would win salvation
2. What was the function of the
Jesuits?
The Jesuits worked to educate
people and spread the Christian
faith