Transcript EnergyFlowinEcosystems

Energy Flow
Through in
Ecosystems
Lesson 1
Food Chains, Food Webs,
Energy Pyramids
1
ALL LIVING THINGS USE ENERGY
The Earth is SOLAR POWERED!
_____________
SUNLIGHT is the main source
of energy for life on Earth.
http://www.animation-station.com/smileys/index.php?page=17
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Photosynthesis
•Chemical reaction where green
plants use water & carbon dioxide
to store the sun’s energy in glucose
3
An organism that
can make its own
food are called
PRODUCERS.
4
The energy that is not
used by producers can be
passed on to organisms
that cannot make their
own energy.
5
An organism that obtains energy
by feeding on other organisms
are called CONSUMERS.
6
HETEROTROPHS = CONSUMERS
HERBIVORES
________________
=
eat only plants
CARNIVORES
________________ =
eat only animals
OMNIVORES
________________ =
eat both plants & animals
http://gallery.hd.org/_exhibits/natural-science/_more2003/_more09/elephant-eating-greenery-in-Addo-Park-Eastern-Cape-South-Africa-2-WL.jpg
http://personal.ecu.edu/wuenschk/rabbit-wolf.gif
http://www.rodsguide.com/bears/eating.jpg
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Carnivore that feeds on
the bodies of dead
organisms are called
scavengers
8
Decomposers
break down biotic wastes & dead
organisms, returning raw materials
to the ecosystem
Ex. Fungi &
bacteria
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Series of events win which 1 organism
eats another & obtains energy
CONSUMERS
________________
(Heterotrophs)
↑
↑
PRODUCERS
= _________________
(Autotrophs)
FOOD CHAIN
http://fig.cox.miami.edu/Faculty/Dana/foodchain.jpg 10
The transfer of energy from
the sun to producer to primary
consumer then to higher order
consumers can be shown in a
FOOD CHAIN.
ONLY 1 Direction!!
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Food Chain
1st
level
Consumer
2nd level
Consumer
3rd level
consumer
4th level
Consumer
Producer (trapped
sunlight & stored food)
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More Food Chains
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Name the Producer, Consumers
& Decomposers in this food
chain:
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Pearson Education Inc, Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall
In most
ecosystems
feeding
relationships are
more complex
A ______________
consists of many
FOOD WEB
overlapping chains in an ecosystem.
15
How Many Chains are in
this web?
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Levels
Producers
Always The First Level
How Energy Enters The System
Herbivores
Second Level (1st consumers)
Feed directly on producers
Carnivores/Omnivores
Make Up The Remaining Levels
Each level depends on the one below it
for energy.
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Diagram that
shows the amount
of energy that
moves from one
feeding level to
another is an
ENERGY PYRAMID
18
Energy Pyramids Show
•Amount of available
energy decreases for
higher consumers
It takes a large
number of producers to
support a smaller
number herbivores &
large number of
herbivores to support a
smaller number of
carnivores
•
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Energy Pyramids Show Available
Energy
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Energy Pyramid
Only 10% of energy at level is moved to
the next level--Rest is lost as HEAT
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Identify the Producers, Consumers, &
Decomposers:
Count the
Food
Chains!
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