SEMINAR 20 YEARS OF ABACC Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Palácio Itamaraty, 10 - 11 November 2011

State system of accounting for and control of nuclear material (SSAC) in Japan

Seiji Uchikoshi Nuclear Material Control Center JAPAN

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Contents of presentation

1. Basic Policy 2. Structure of SSAC 3. Large Complex Programm in Japan 4. SSAC Inspection in Japan (2010) 5. Implementation of Additional Protocol 6. Introduction and Implementation of Integrated Safeguards 7. Summary

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Basic Policy

commitment to peaceful Uses of nuclear energy

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Atomic Energy Basic Law(1955)

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Law for Regulation of Nuclear Source Material, Nuclear Fuel Material and Reactors(1957)

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Three Non‐Nuclear Principles (since 1967)

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NPT CSA (Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement) INFCIRC/153Type(1976)

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Additional Protocol INFCIRC/540Type

（

1999

） 3

History of related national safeguards activities in Japan

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July 1957 : IAEA’s Activities started

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May 1964 : First Inspection was done by IAEA in Japan

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May 1976 : Japan joined NPT

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December 1977 : Entry into force IAEA/JAPAN Safeguards Agreement

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December 1999 : Entry into force Additional Protocol

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June 2004 : First Broader Conclusion for Japan by IAEA

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September 2004 : Integrated Safeguards Implementation

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Organization for safeguards implementation in Japan

JSGO(Japan Safeguards Office), MEXT

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Responsible for Safeguards Implementation in Japan

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Cooperation with IAEA

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Supervision of NMCC NMCC

（

Nuclear Material Control Center)

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Designated Organization by Law

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Safeguards Information Processing and Safeguards Inspection

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Nuclear Material Control Center

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Established in 15 April 1972

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Designated by the Government - 1977 Data processing (including Data Analysis) - 1999 Inspection (including Destructive Analysis (DA+DA Lab.) / Non Destructive Analysis (NDA))

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SSAC Structure in Japan

International Atomic Energy Agency BIRATERAL AGREEMENT COUNTRIES Annual Declaration - Accountancy Report - Inspection Report - Inspection Result - Conclusion Report on Inventory & Material Transfer - Notification/Confirmation of Transfer etc.

Comple mentary Access International Inspection GOVERNMENT OF JAPAN (Japan Safeguards Office, MEXT) Data Processing Accountancy Report Report on buildings, activities, etc. under AP NUCLEAR MATERIAL CONROL CENTER National Inspection Inspection Additional Protocol (INFCIRC/540) - Nuclear fuel-related R&D activities without NM - Buildings in sites - Activities specified in Annex I - Uranium mines, etc.

Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement (INFCIRC/153) NUCLEAR FACILITIES

State Inspection Scheme

-Scheduling -Inspection -DIV -CA MEXT (JSGO) Inspection Reports (inspection results & analysis results) Routine Inspection Assignment

-

Access -Item count -Book Audit -NDA -DA sampling -C/S NMCC Nuclear Facilities Inspection NMCC is only the organization which has been approved on the national law to carry out the national SG inspection

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Large complex nuclear programme in Japan

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Reactors : 54LWRs, 24 Research Reactors

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Nuclear Fuel Cycle Facilities : 2 Enrichment Plants, 3 Reprocessing plants, 2 MOX Fuel Fabrication Facilities

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Routine Inspection Efforts Per Year : Approximately 2,500 – 3,000 PDIs(Person Days of Inspection)

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Safeguards Inspection for Main Facilities

TOKAI Branch RRCAs DNLEU FFPs Spent Fuel Storage JNC-1 JNC-2 JNC-4 JNC-5 Small Facilities/LOF

: Under IS : Under IS : Under IS : Under IS : Under IS : Under IS : Under TS : Under TS

・ JAEA -Monju ・ JAEA -Fugen ・ JAEA -Ningyo (LEU Enrichment Plant/R&D) Osaka Tokyo ・ DNLEU FFP (GNF-J) ・ DNLEU FFP (NFI-K) ・ Kyoto University (KUCA) ・ Kyoto University (KUR) ROKKASHO Branch Rokkasho ・ JNFL LEU Enrichment Plant (REP) ・ JNFL Reprocessing Plant (RRP) Tokai Area ・ JAEA (FCA,

TCA,JRR-2,3,4, NSRR,VHTRC) ( SCF,R&D)

(

PCDF,PPFF,PFPF,TRP,R&D)

・ TODAI -YAYOI ・ DNLEU FFPs (MNF/NFI-T) ・ JCO R&D ・ NDC-HL Oarai Area ・ NFD-HL ・ JAEA (JMTR,JMTRC,HTTR, R&D) ( DCA, JOYO,FMF,JNC-O R&D) ・ NRF TSUKUBA 10

Ohi

Safeguards Inspection for LWR

ｓ

Under IS=RII, IIV, Pre-PIV, post-PIV, PIV-E

LWR(54 units) = BWR (30 units) + PWR (24 units) : Fresh MOX use 2011.1.1

Tohoku EPCO-Higashidori Tomari Ohma Kashiwazaki TEPCO-Higashidori Shika Onagawa Tsurga Namie-Odaka Mihama Fukushima-Daiichi Fukushima-Daini Takahama Tokai-2 Shimane Hamaoka Kaminoseki Ikata Sendai Genkai Units Total Output (MW) Output Scale < 500MW < 1,000MW Over 1,000MW Operating Under Construction Preparing for Construction Operating Under Construction Preparing for Construction Total

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Number of Obligatory Accounting Records and Reports(3/3)

Number of reports processed by NMCC

1 200 000 1 150 000 1 100 000 1 050 000 1 000 000 950 000 900 000 850 000 800 000 750 000 700 000 650 000 600 000 550 000 500 000 450 000 400 000 350 000 300 000 250 000 200 000 150 000 100 000 50 000 0 OCR MBR PIL ICR 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 FISICAL YEAR 12

SSAC Inspections in Japan for 2010

Categories Fabrications Number of Facilities and LOFs 6 Number of Material Accountancy Reports 486 Data 31605 Persons Day Inspection (PDI) 330 JSGO 24 NMCC 306 Reactors Reprocessing R&Ds, LOFs Total 81 3 209 3,323 862 1,931 295,043 71,884 85,589 599 1,038 418 46 106 32 553 932 386 299 6,572 484,121 2,385 208 2,177 Note: PDI does not include the persons day of DIV and CA

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Implementation of Additional protocol(Declaration)

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Initial Declaration(June 2000) Annual up-date Declaration (Middle of May in Every Year)

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198 Sites (7,183Buildings) 120 Nuclear Fuel Cycle Related R&D Activities by the Government 28 annex I Activities (INFCIRC/540) were declared (as of End of Dec. 2010).

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Complimentary Access (CA)

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One of Purposes of CA is to confirm the absence of undeclared nuclear material and activities etc. at sites

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CAs were carried out by IAEA from November 2000 to December 2010

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Broader Conclusion on Japan

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Introductory Statement of the Director General of IAEA at Board of Governors(14 June 2004) “I am pleased to note that the secretariat was recently able to reach all conclusions needed for the implementation of integrated safeguards in Japan-the State with largest nuclear programme subject to Agency safeguards.

・・・・” 16

Introduction of IS (Integrated Safeguards) in JAPAN (1/2)

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Smooth Implementation of IS in Japan Since September 2004 when Japan’s IS was introduced, the IS approaches has been implemented successfully, phased implementation.

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Development of IS Approaches - Dec.1999 : Into force of the Additional Protocol - Jun. 2004 : The Broader Conclusion was drawn for Japan

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Introduction of IS (Integrated Safeguards) in JAPAN (2/2)

Development of facility-level approach and site approach.

1) LWRs w/o MOX 2) Spent fuel Storage 3) RRCAs 4) LWRs with MOX 5) DNLEU Fuel Fabrication Plants 6) JAEA-Tokai area (JNC-1) 7) JAEA-Monju (JNC-4) 8) JAEA-Oarai (JNC-2) 9) JAEA-Ningyo (JNC-5) 10) JNFL-2 11) Small Facilities/LOF Since September 2004.

Since September 2004.

Since September 2004.

Since January 2005.

Since January 2005.

Since August 2008.

Since October 2009.

Since December 2010.

Since January 2011.

Since January 2011.

Since January 2011.

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Concept of IS

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An optimum combination of all safeguards measures available to the IAEA under CSA and Additional Protocol to achieve the maximum effectiveness and efficiency

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Reduction in verification effort for declared material, based on assurance of the absence of undeclared nuclear material and activities through Additional Protocol Measure

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Utilization of Random Interim Inspections (RII) etc.

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Implementation of IS

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IS has been implemented smoothly

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Preliminary data indicated Reduction of SSAC inspection PDIs

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LWRs: Much reduction has been confirmed since 2004 in inspection activities

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As for IS, it is necessary for SSAC to streamline the resource for the inspection (including stand-by personnel)

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SSAC Inspection Effort at LWRs

250 200 150 100 IS

(September)

PWR BWR 50 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Year

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SSAC Inspection Effort at RRCAs

IS

(September)

300 250 200 150 100 50 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Year

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SSAC Inspection Effort at DNLEU FFPs

300 250 200 150 100 50 0 IS

(January)

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Year

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SSAC PDIs of IS Site Type distinction

3000 JNFL-2 2011/01/01 JNFL-1(RRP) 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 2003 PDI 2004 PDI 2005 PDI 2006 PDI 2007 PDI 2008 PDI 2009 PDI 2010 PDI Small Facility/LOFs 2011/01/01 SFSF ｓ 2004/9/15 JNC-5 2011/01/01 JNC-4 2009/11/18 JNC-2 2010/12/01 JNC-1 2008/08/01 DNLEU FFP ｓ 2005/01/01 RRCA 2004/09/15 Light Water Reactor 2004/09/15 24

Summary

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IS has been introduced very smoothly under SSAC, and JSGO/NMCC will continue to cooperate with IAEA to maintain smooth implementation.

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Further improvement of efficiency could be achieved through SLA or enhanced co-operation with IAEA. To this end, development of IS approach should be promoted.

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Continued cooperation among the relevant parties is essential for implementation of Rokkasho Reprocessing Plant Safeguards.

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THANK you for your attention!

End Fim

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