Transcript Deer resistant plants - University of Minnesota Extension
Deer resistant plants Written by: Cathy LeVahn Anoka County Master Gardener Minnesota Tree Care Advisor Compiled by Gilda Banfield Olmsted County Master Gardener
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Alkaline Soil Annuals 3 Feet or More Annual Vines That Grow Quickly Boulevard Gardens: Perennials Boulevard Gardens: Small Trees Broadleaf Evergreens for Zone 4 Clay Soil Cold Tolerant Annuals Compacted Sites: Trees Crevice Plants Deer Resistant Plants Dry Soil: Annual Foliage Plants Dry Soil: Shade or Under Trees Dry Soil: Trees Fragrant Annuals and Perennials Fragrant Shrubs Indoor Low Light Knot Gardens Lakeshore Native Plants Long-Blooming Perennials Rain Garden Plants River Banks and Canoe Public Access Areas Self-Seeding Perennials Septic Mound Plants Shade: Shrubs Shade: Small Trees Shade: Tall Perennials Steep Slopes Trees that Produce Minimal Litter Under a Black Walnut Tree
www.countrymilegardens.com
atthecreation.com/
Deer Facts
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1,113,000
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Estimated Statewide Deer Population (2007) Hungry deer will eat almost any kind of plant More likely to damage younger, tender plants Don’t mix plants they prefer among those they dislike
Minnesota Department of Natural Resources
www.kansasbirdingtrails.com
Cathy LeVahn
www.donnan.com
ag.utah.gov
ag.utah.gov
www.donnan.com
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Possible Solutions
Fencing
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Wire, not wood
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Angled away from yard
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Psychological and physical barrier 6 feet high and 30 ° angle
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Electric fencing somewhat successful
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Not 100% successful
www.afencecompany.com
www.dcs.gov.uk
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Possible Solutions
Repellents
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Contact Repellents
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Applied to plants Tastes bad
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Area Repellents
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Foul odor repels deer
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Connecticut study tested 6 repellents, none more than 50% effective
blog.oregonlive.com
Possible Solutions
A Connecticut study tested 6 repellents, none more than 50% effective Repellent Deer Away (rotten egg) Hinder (ammonium soaps) Thiram (bitter fungicide) Mesh bags of human hair Magic Circle (bone tar oil) Miller Hot Sauce Effectiveness 46% 43% 43% 34% 18% 15%
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Possible Solutions
No scientific evidence but worth a try:
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Deodorant soap tied to tree branches
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Egg mixture sprayed on foliage
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2 eggs
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1 to 2 cups cold water
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Mix in high speed blender
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Add to gallon of water and spray on foliage
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Does not wash off foliage easily, reapply 2-3 times per season
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Possible Solutions
Noise Alarms
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Using sound not effective More bothersome to homeowner than deer Deer become accustomed to noise
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Deer Resistant Plants
Deer damage to ornamental plants is very frustrating.
You can minimize the damage they can do by avoiding plants they prefer.
Use plants that deer avoid due to
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Toxicity Fragrance Texture
Yarrow
(Achillea
spp.)
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Height: 18”- 3’ Drought tolerant Prefers full sun
Bailey Nurseries
www.bellwebs.com
Ageratum
(Ageratum houstonianum
) • • •
Height: 6 24” Beautiful blue, pink or white flowers Easy to grow
Ornamental onion
(Allium
spp.)
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Height: 1 4’ Many forms and species Tough and may self-seed
Columbine
(Aquilegia canadensis
)
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Height: 1 3’ Short-lived Self-seeds Showy flowers
Bailey Nurseries
Wax begonia
(Begonia semperflorens &
hybrids) • • •
Height: 8”-2’ Dependable flowers Shade and drought tolerant
Purdue University Flickr.com
Coneflower
(Echinacea purpurea)
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Height: 2 3’ Native Attracts birds and butterflies
Bailey Nurseries
Heliotrope
(Heliotropium arborescens)
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Height: 18 24” Cherry-pie fragrance Tough Long lasting flowers
Ottawa Horticulture Society
Sweet alyssum
(Lobularia maritima)
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Height: 4 12” Edging and container plant Self-seeds
Cape Town Garden
Daffodil
(Narcissus
spp.
)
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Height: 6 24” Poisonous to squirrels and deer Can be planted under trees
Peony
(Paeonia lactiflora)
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Height: 2 3’ Long lasting perennial May need staking Prefers full sun
Bailey Nurseries
Poppy
(Papaver
spp.
)
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Height: 1 3’ Showy flowers Can self-seed Many species and cultivars
Geranium
(Pelargonium xhortorum)
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Height: 12 18” Cemetery plant Tough and drought resistant
All American Selections
Russian sage
(Perovskia atriplicifolia)
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Height: 3 4’ Drought tolerant Prefers full sun
Blue salvia
(Salvia farinacea)
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Height: 24 30” Attracts butterflies and hummingbirds All American Selections
Dusty Miller
(Senecio cineraria)
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Height: 6 15” Silver-grey or white foliage Drought and cold tolerant Dave’s garden
Lamb’s ear
(stachys byzantina)
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Height: 6 15” Silver foliage good for edging and front of border Drought tolerant
Marigold
(tagetes
spp.
)
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Height: 6”-3’ Long-lasting yellow, gold and bicolor flowers Easy to grow from seed
University of Minnesota All American Selection
Bleeding Heart
(dicentra)
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Height: 8”-4’ Bloom Color: Pink, White, Red-pink Light shade or full shade
Butterfly Weed (Asclepias)
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Height: 12”-24” Bloom Color: Orange, yellow, white, red Prefers sandy soil or of poor quality Undisturbed, it develops a large taproot
aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu
Gayfeather
(Liatris spicata
)
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Height: 2 4’ Flower Color: Purple, white Exposure: Sun Soil: Well-drained Bloom Time: June - October
Plume poppy
(Macleaya cordata
)
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Height: 6 8’ Flower Color: Creamy white Exposure: Sun, partial sun or light shade Soil: Well drained, moist Bloom Time: July - September
Speedwell
(Veronica spicata)
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Height: 1 2’ Flower Color: Purple, white, pink
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Exposure: Sun, partial sun/ light shade
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Soil: Well-drained Bloom Time: June – September
Zinnia
(zinnia)
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Height: 6 36” Flower Color: Red, yellow, gold, green, purple, orange, pink, white, maroon, brown
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Exposure: Sun Easy to start from seed
www.math.iupui.edu homepage.mac.com
schwehr.org
www.mdwfp.com
atthecreation.com
Trees Shrubs and Vines
www.ca.uky.edu
www.whitetailsolutionsllc.com
ag.utah.gov
Japanese barberry
(Barberis thunbergii)
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Height: 2 5’ Thorny Many cultivars Red berries and red fall color May be invasive
Bailey Nurseries
Bittersweet
(Celastrus scandens)
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Height: to 60’ Woody native vine Attractive berries
Bailey Nurseries
Red osier dogwood
(Cornus sericea)
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Height: 6 12’ Attractive red stems Cultivars vary in height and form
Bailey Nurseries University of Minnesota
Forsythia
(Forsythia ‘Northern Sun’)
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Height: 8 10’ Fast growing Very hardy flower buds Tolerates a wide variety of soils
Bailey Nurseries
Chinese Juniper
(Juniperus chinensis)
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Height: 2 6’ Many cultivars and forms Good for full sun
dansjunipers.tripod.com/chinensis.htm
Mugo pine
(Pinus mugo)
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Height: 12 20’ Tolerant of alkaline, compacted or salty soils
Scots pine
(Pinus sylvestris)
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Height: 25 50’ Evergreen with attractive bark
Michigan State University
Rhododendron & Azalea
(Rhododentron
spp.
)
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Height: 3 6’ Evergreen and deciduous species Showy flowers ‘Northern Lights’ series are the hardiest
University of Minnesota
Lilac
(Syringa vulgarus)
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Height: 8 15’ Showy fragrant flowers in spring Tolerant of many sites
Bailey Nurseries
Nannyberry
(Viburnum lentago)
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Height: 12 18’ Native shrubs Fruits turn from red to blue Shade tolerant
Bailey Nurseries
Potentilla
(potentilla)
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Height: 1 4’ Extremely winter hardy Blooms extended period, early summer through fall Full sun
Bailey Nurseries
Not so cute anymore, is he?
www.boston.com
References:
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University of Minnesota Extension
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http://www.extension.umn.edu
Minnesota Department of Natural Resources http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/index.html