Transcript Abrasions

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Traumatology
The science which deals with all
aspects of mechanical injuries
Forensic traumatology deals with
interpretation and certification of
trauma in the light of law
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Traumatology
Mechanism of wound production
Injury is produced when
sufficient energy is absorbed
so that there is permanent
alteration of some part of
body’s anatomic integrity.
The result is a wound
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Traumatology
Mechanism of wound production
Energy available =
V2
M 2g
= KE
Energy transferred depends upon
area of application = A
time of transfer = t
Energy absorbed - lever action
plasticity/elasticity of tissue
k
inertia
hydrostatics
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Traumatology
Mathematics of wound production
Wound = W =
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KE x 1 x 1 x k
A t
Traumatology
Sec 332 PPC - Hurt
Legal
aspects
of
trauma
(1) Whoever causes pain, harm, disease,
infirmity or injury to any person or
impairs, disables or dismembers any
organ of the body or part thereof of
any person without causing his death,
is said to cause hurt.
(2) The following are the kinds of hurt:(a) Itlaf-i-udw
(b) Itlaf-i-salahiyyat-i-udw
(c) Shajjah
(d) Jurh; and
(e) all kinds of other hurt.
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Traumatology
Sec 337 PPC Shajjah
Legal
aspects
of
trauma
(1) Whoever causes, on the head or face of
any person, any hurt which does not
amount to itlaf-i-udw or itlaf-i-salahiyyati-udw, is said to cause shajjah.
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(2) The following are the kinds of shajjah,
namely:(a) shajjah-i-khafifa – (without exposure of bone)
(b) shajjah-i-maudiha - (exposure without fracture)
(c) shajjah-i-hashimah - (fracture without dislocation)
(d) shajjah-i-munaqqilah - (fracture with dislocation)
(e) shajjah-i-ammah - (exposure of meninges)
(f) shajjah-i-damighah - (rupture of meninges).
Traumatology
Sec 337-B PPC - Jurh
Legal
aspects
of
trauma
(1) Whoever causes on any part of the body
of a person, other than the head or face,
a hurt, which leaves a mark of the
wound, whether temporary or
permanent, is said to cause Jurh.
(2) Jurh is of two kinds, namely:(a) Jaifah i.e. where injury extends to
body cavities of the trunk; and
(b) Ghair-Jaifah i.e. an injury which
does not amount to Jaifah.
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Traumatology
Sec 337-E PPC
Legal
aspects
of
trauma
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(2) The following are the kinds of GhairJaifah:(a) Damiyah - rupturing of skin with bleeding;
(b) Badiah - cutting or incising the flesh
without exposing the bone;
(c) Mutalahimah - lacerating the flesh;
(d) Mudihah - exposure of the bone;
(e) Hashimah - fracturing of a bone without
dislocation; and
(f) Munaqqilah - fracturing and dislocation of
bone.
Traumatology
Legal aspects of trauma
Sec 337 (2) PPC
Sec 332 (2) PPC - Hurt
itlaf-e-udw
itlaf-e-slahayat-e-udw
shajjah
jurh
other hurt
Sec 337B (2) PPC
jaifah
ghair jaifah
shajjah-e-khafifah
shajjah-e-maudhiha
shajjah-e-hashimah
shajjah-e-munnaqilah
shajjah-e-ammah
shajjah-e-damighah
Sec 337E (2) PPC
Sec 337J PPC
poisoning
Sec 337L PPC
20 days etc
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damihah
badihah
muttalahimah
maudihah
hashimah
munnaqilah
Traumatology
Forensic objectives of
studying trauma
identification of the victim
identification of injuries
exact description of injuries
legal classification of injuries
nature of injuries
duration of injuries
disposal of the patient
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Medico-legal certification of injuries
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Medico-legal certification of injuries
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Traumatology
Classification of trauma
1 Blunt force trauma
Abrasions
Bruises or contusions
Lacerations
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Traumatology
Classification of trauma
1 Blunt force trauma
2 Sharp force trauma
Incised wounds
Stabs
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Traumatology
Classification of trauma
1 Blunt force trauma
2 Sharp force trauma
3 Fire arm trauma
Shot gun injury
Rifled fire arm injury
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Traumatology
Blunt force
Mechanical trauma
Classification
Blunt force injury
abrasions
bruises or contusions
lacerations
Sharp force injury
incised wounds
stabs
Fire arm injury
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shot gun
rifled fire arm
Traumatology
Mechanical trauma
Classification
Blunt force injury
abrasions
bruises or contusions
lacerations - Punctured wounds
Sharp force injury
incised wounds
stabs - Penetrating wounds
Perforating wounds
Fire arm injury
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shot gun
rifled fire arm
Abrasions
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Traumatology
Blunt force
Abrasions
Injuries which are limited to the
top layers of the skin. They are
rarely deep and heal without
scarring
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Traumatology
Blunt force injury
Types of abrasions
4Scratches
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Blunt force injury
abrasions
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Abrasions
Scratch
Traumatology
Blunt force injury
Types of abrasions
4Scratches
4grazes
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Blunt force injury
abrasions
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Abrasions
Graze
Blunt force injury
abrasions
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Abrasions
Graze
Traumatology
Blunt force injury
Types of abrasions
4Scratches
4grazes
4brush burns
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Blunt force injury
abrasions
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Abrasions
Brush burn
Traumatology
Blunt force injury
Types of abrasions
4Scratches
4grazes
4brush burns
4patterned – imprint
contact
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Blunt force injury
abrasions
Abrasions
Patterned
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Blunt force injury
abrasions
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Abrasions
Imprint
Blunt force
Bruises
Abrasions
patterned
pool tile
imprint
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Blunt force injury
abrasions
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Abrasions
Patterned
Blunt force injury
abrasions
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Abrasions
Imprint
Blunt force injury
abrasions
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Abrasions
Post-mortem
Traumatology
Blunt force injury
Medico-legal importance
of abrasions
4Identify weapon
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Traumatology
Blunt force injury
Medico-legal importance
of abrasions
4Identify weapon
4nature of scuffle
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Traumatology
Blunt force injury
Medico-legal importance
of abrasions
4Identify weapon
4nature of scuffle
4direction of injury
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Traumatology
Blunt force injury
Medico-legal importance
of abrasions
4Identify weapon
4nature of scuffle
4direction of injury
4locus of incidence
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Traumatology
Blunt force injury
Medico-legal importance
of abrasions
4Identify weapon
4nature of scuffle
4direction of injury
4locus of incidence
4time of infliction
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