Using a Sewing Machine Power Point
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Transcript Using a Sewing Machine Power Point
Using a Sewing Machine
Fashion and Interior Design
Page 455-464
Choosing Needle and Thread
Needle- Holds the upper thread on the
machine
Always replace when dull
Choosing Needle and Thread
Types of needlesUniversal or general purpose- sharp
Ballpoint- rounded point for knits/stretch
Stretch- synthetic suede or elastic knits
Leather-wedge- shaped point for heavy fabrics
Twin (double) and hemstitch (wing)- decorative
stitching
Choosing Needle and Thread
Needle Sizes- range from 6 (delicate) to
20 (very heavy)
Lower = finer fabric
Higher = heavier
Size 9 or 11- lightweight (chiffon)
Size 14- medium weight (flannel)
Size 16- heavy weight
Choosing Needle and Thread
Thread
Determined by type and weight of fabric
Light weight = fine needle, fine thread
(polyester/polyester-cotton blend), and short stitches
Medium weight = medium needle, heavier thread
(polyester/polyester-cotton blend: heavy duty), longer
stitches
Heavy weight = heavy needle, heavier thread
((polyester/polyester-cotton blend: heavy duty),
longer stitches
See figure 4-3
Changing Needles
1. Raise the needle to its highest point using
the hand wheel
2. Loosen the thumb screw
3. Remove old needle
4. Insert needle firmly up to the needle clamp
5. Tighten the screw
Preparing the Bobbin
Bobbin- holds the bottom thread
Must be removed from the case to wind
Preparing the Bobbin
Winding the bobbin
1. Loosen the hand wheel knob to prevent the
needle movement
2. Insert the end of the thread through the hole
in the bobbin
3. Wrap the thread securely around the bobbin
several times
4. Place the bobbin on the bobbin winder
5. Hold the end of the thread until the bobbin
starts winding
Preparing the Bobbin
Wind the bobbin evenly. You may need to
guide the thread
Fill about ¾ full
Preparing the Bobbin
Inserting the BobbinOpen the slide plate
Insert bobbin into its case
Make sure the bobbin thread unwinds the right
direction (refer to manual)
Insert case into machine
Check the bobbin tension
Threading the Machine
General process is same for all machines!
From spool
To thread guide (directs thread to keep it from
tangling)
To tension discs
• To take-up lever (controls amount of thread)
To more thread guides
o To needle
Threading the Machine
Tension DiscsAlways check the tension before you being to
thread the take-up lever
If too loose, thread will come out too easy
If too tight, there will be a strong resistance and
thread may break
Should be some resistance but not too strong
Threading the Machine
Thread GuidesIf thread guide is on the right, thread needle
from the right
If thread guide is on the left, thread needle from
the left
Pull at least 3 inches of thread from needle
Threading the Machine
Raising the Bobbin Thread
Hold the thread from the needle in your left
hand
With your right hand, turn the hand wheel
toward you until the needle brings up the bobbin
loop
Catch it and pull both pieces of thread to the
back of the machine
Adjusting the Machine
Sewing machines create a lockstitch when
needle thread intertwines with the bobbin
thread
Adjustments to checkStitch
Length of stitch
Tension
Pressure
Adjusting the Machine
Stitch Type
Straight stitch- most common
Other stitches- zigzag, stretch, decorative
Controlled by switch on machine
Adjusting the Machine
Stitch Length
Numbers 6-20 indicate the number of stitches per
inch
Numbers 1-5 indicate length of stitch in millimeters
(4 means each stitch is 4 millimeters long or about
6 stitches per inch)
Regular stitching- medium length 10-12 stitches per inch
(2-2.5 mm)
Machine basting- longest stitch, 6-8 stitches (3-4 mm)
Reinforcement stitching- very short stitches, 15-20
stitches (1-1.5 mm)
Adjusting the Machine
Tension
Balanced stitch- threads lock in the middle
If top thread is flat on top and loops are pulling
through- top tension is too tight. Turn tension knob to
a lower number
If bottom thread is flat bottom and loops from the top
are visible underneath- top tension is too loose. Turn
tension knob to a higher number
Adjusting the Machine
Pressure
Presser Foot- Holds fabric against the feed dog
(moves the fabric)
If this pressure is off, your fabric will ripple or at
the end of your seam, one piece will be longer
than the other
Using the Sewing Machine
Guidelines on Stitching
Raise the needle to the highest position and make sure
both threads are to the back of the machine
Place fabric under presser foot. Put the bulk of the
fabric to the left of you
Position the stitch line directly under the needle
Turn hand wheel to lower the needle into the fabric.
Lower presser foot. Add pressure to foot control
When you finish stitching, raise the needle to the highest
position, raise presser foot, slide fabric to the back of the
machine and clip threads
IMPORTANT!!!
AT THE BEGINNING AND END OF
EACH NEW STITCH, STITCH STRAIGHT
AND THEN BACK STITCH (3 Stitches)
TO SECURE YOUR STITCHES!!!!!
Using the Sewing Machine
Stitching Straight
Use your hands to guide the material but never
pull it through. This is the job of the feed dog
not you!
Use the guidelines on the throat or needle plate
to keep your stitches straight
Using the Sewing Machine
Stitching ProblemsRethread the machine
Check the needle
Check the tension
Refer to chart 4-13 page 463
Sewing Machine Accessories
Straight-stitch foot
Zig-Zag foot- wide opening to allow needle
to move in the correct motion
Zipper foot- Adjust to right or left so stitch
is close to zipper teeth
Buttonhole foot- Marking for measurement
of button
Blind stitch-hem foot
Sewing Machine Care
Lint can clog the machine
Unplug machine before cleaning
Oil only if machine requires. After oiling,
stitch on scrap fabric to remove excess oil
Computerized Machines
Push button commands
LCD screens
Expensive
Monograms, buttonholes, embroidery,
decorative stitches
Has memory to store designs
Things To Remember
Always sew 1st on a scrap piece of fabric
Make sure your pressure foot is down
before you begin to sew
Only turn the hand-wheel toward you
Never sew over pins