9.3 Jefferson Takes Office

Main Idea Many United States ’ policies change and its borders expand during the Thomas Jefferson administration.

WHY IT MATTERS NOW

13 states were eventually organized on the land acquired by the Louisiana Purchase.

CA Standards

• 8.4.1

Describe

the country ’ s physical landscapes, political divisions, and territorial expansion during the terms of the first four presidents.

• 8.4.2

Explain

the policy significance of famous speeches (e.g., Washington ’ s Farewell Address, Jefferson ’ s 1801Inaugural Address , and John Q. Adams ’ s Fourth of July 1821 Address).

Daily Guided Questions

1. What were the major changes that occurred after Thomas Jefferson won the 1800 election?

2. What was the importance about the Supreme Court case, Marbury v. Madison?

3. Besides doubling the size of the United States, why did Jefferson make the Louisiana Purchase?

Quick Write

• Respond in at least 60 words.

• Thomas Jefferson said after a brutal campaign race at his inaugural address March 4, 1801, “ Let us then fellow-citizens, unite with one heart and one mind…Every difference of opinion is not a difference of principle… We are all Republicans; we are all Federalists.

” • What is Thomas Jefferson saying? In your own words rewrite each sentence. Is what he said still valid today?

Election of 1800

• Adams vs. Jefferson ; wild charges hurled.

• Jefferson wins, ties running mate

Aaron Burr

.

• 1 st time House of Rep. decided election. • H. of Rep. cast 35 ballots without breaking tie.

Breaking the Deadlock

• Hamilton intervenes with Federalists and gives T.J. win.

• Reveals flaw in electoral process.

-

12 th Amendment

passed, 1804.

-Separate ballots for PotUS, VP.

Jefferson ’s Inaugural Address, 1801 “ Let us then fellow-citizens, unite with one heart and one mind…Every difference of opinion is not a difference of principle… We are all Republicans; we are all Federalists.

” • Urged Americans to unite, despite political differences.

-1 st time House of Rep. decided election.

Simplifying the Presidency

• T.J. replaces some Federalists with Demo-Rep.

• Reduces spending.

Army -social expenses of Gov.

• -influence of National Bank.

• Eliminates internal taxes.

Laissez Faire

, free trade over Gov. controlled trade, tariffs.

Southern Politics

• South dominates politics; Northern, Federalist influence decline.

• Frees those jailed under the Sedition Acts.

-Growing

sectionalism.

Discuss and Answer

1. What were the major changes that occurred after Thomas Jefferson won the 1800 election?

Take a minute and discuss the following questions with your elbow partner.

• What happens if candidates tied for votes?

• How did Thomas Jefferson want to save money?

• What kind of economic theory did he want the government to follow?

Primary Source pg. 620 • Read the primary source, Thomas Jefferson

’

s

On Majority Rule

and answer questions about the reading.

• Textbook pg. 620.

Answers

1. According to Jefferson, the importance of majority rule is fundamental.

2. Jefferson says that the equal rights of the people who hold minority or unpopular opinions must be protected.

3. a. Jefferson would agree because the President received a majority of the vote.

b. Jefferson would not agree because this does not respect the rights of the minority.

Marbury v. Madison, 1801

• Adams passes Judiciary Act of 1801.

-Adds 16 judges, midnight judges.

• T.J. argues invalid.

• William Marbury sues to be a justice, cites Judiciary Act of 1789.

John Marshall

and the Supreme Court • The Supreme Courts receives its power from the Constitution, not Congress.

• -Judiciary Act of 1789 invalid.

Judicial Review

, Supreme Court can strike down unconstitutional laws.

Discuss and Answer

2. What was the importance about the Supreme Court case, Marbury v. Madison?

Take a minute and discuss the following questions with your elbow partner.

• Where does the power of the Supreme Court come from?

• What is judicial review?

Westward Migration

• From 1800-1810, pop. growth in OH, KY, TN.

• Daniel Boone helped clear Wilderness road.

-Cumberland Gap.

France and the Louisiana Territory

• 1801, Spain transfers the territory to France.

• U.S. wants to buy New Orleans and western parts of Florida.

• Slave revolt in Haiti ruins French jump off point into N. America.

• Napoleon wants to fight Britain and needs money.

The Louisiana Purchase

• Jefferson buys Louisiana Territory from Napoleon for $15 million.

-Fears French presence.

-Doubts constitutional authority.

-Double size of the U.S.

Lewis and Clark

• Lead Corps of Discovery.

-explore new territory, find a route to the Pacific.

-gather information about people, plants, animals.

•

Sacajawea

, Native American women serves as interpreter and guide.

Discuss and Answer

3. Besides doubling the size of the United States, why did Jefferson make the Louisiana Purchase? Take a minute and discuss the following questions with your elbow partner.

• Why did Napoleon sell the area?

• Who was living in the area of the Louisiana Purchase?

WHAT/WHY IMPORTANT/AS A RESULT Voc.

• Define these two words using the WHAT/WHY IMPORTANT/AS A RESULT vocabulary format.

• The two words are: -Laissez Faire -Judicial Review

Study Guide pg. 83

• Copy and complete the study guide on page 83.

• Use the summary before the study guide, your notes, or textbook pages 188-195 to fill it out.