Transcript - Class 21
Concept Generation
Integrated Product and Process Design ME 475
2
Fall Schedule
P. 26 Guidebook
Fall Assignments
P. 35-62 Guidebook
Objectives for Today:
OK —now that we have discussed how to identify the
Whats,
(i.e. Customer Needs and resulting Functional Specs.),
how
do we best come up with possible
Hows to meet those needs and specifications
?
• Summary 4
Need a BBQ Grill?
Structured Design Process… Mission Statement Identify Customer Needs Establish Target Specifications Generate Product Concepts Select Product Concept(s) Test Product Concept(s) Set Final Specifications Plan Downstream Development Development Plan Perform Economic Analysis Benchmark Competitive Products Build and Test Models and Prototypes Documentation
Moving forward in the Design process; from
What
to
How…
3 Integrated Product and Process Design
Concept Generation
• Creating and developing concepts (and sub-concepts) involves
one of the most fulfilling and uplifting aspects of engineering design…
• Research has shown that the best way to have a really good idea is to
have lots of ideas
…..
4 Integrated Product and Process Design
(Speaking of BBQ’s...)
The Essence of Engineering is Design…
Apollo 13 Example
Creation Brings Fulfillment…
“The desire to create is one of the deepest yearnings of the human soul….Creation brings deep satisfaction and fulfillment. We develop ourselves and others when we take unorganized matter [and create something]. Creation means bringing into existence something that did not exist before….” “Don’t let fear of failure discourage you…” President Dieter F. Uchtdorf
Structured Design Process
The Concept Generation portion of the design process stresses not setting our minds on a
specific solution
,
at first
— instead, our efforts should yield a
number of alternatives
evaluation….
for
later
Concept Generation… Four Principles
7 • What
existing concepts
might be adapted for our application?
• What
new concepts
might satisfy our key customer needs and specifications?
• What
methods
can be used to facilitate the generation of concepts?
• How can I
increase my creativity?
Integrated Product and Process Design
OK, So What is A Concept?
9
A Concept (or sub-concept) is:
• An approximate description of the
technology, working principles
process… and
form
of an idea, device, or • A
description
of
how
the device (or portions of the device —or process), might work so that
what
customer needs and wants
might be
the satisfied… • • Usually defined (at first) by a
sketch description…
and a
textual A concept may be made up of a number of concepts… sub-
Integrated Product and Process Design
Concept Generation Process…
8 • • • • •
Clarify the problem…
• Problem Decomposition
Search externally…
• Lead Users • Experts • Patents • Literature • Benchmarking
Search internally…
• Individual Methods • Group Methods
Explore Systematically…
• Classification Tree • Combination Table
Reflect on the Process and its results…
Search Internally Integrated Product and Process Design Clarify Problem Explore Systematically Reflect on Process Search Externally
Concept Generation Process
10 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
• Clarify the problem Problem Decomposition • • • • • Search externally Lead Users Experts Patents Literature Benchmarking • • Search internally Individual Methods Group Methods • • Explore Systematically Classification Tree Combination Table Reflect on the Process Search Internally Integrated Product and Process Design Clarify Problem Explore Systematically Reflect on Process Search Externally
Clarify the Problem: Power Nailer Example…
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Clarify the Problem: Nail Gun… We translate Key customer needs into
metrics & target values
, which results in product specifications… The nail Gun:
- Accommodates Nail lengths from 50 to 75 mm - Provides maximum nailing energy of 80 joules/nail - Provides a nailing force up to 2,000 newtons - Can nail at rate of up to 1 nail/second - Can insert nails between standard stud/joists (368 mm-14.5 inches-opening) 12 ….
Integrated Product and Process Design
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Clarify The Problem (cont
’
d) Problem Decomposition:
•
Functional
(or other) decomposition -
Step 1,
Think of the device, (product, or process) we are going to create as a
black box…
-
Step 2,
Divide the black box into
sub-functions
, each sub-function contributing to what the total product, (or process)
will do….
• End result is a
function diagram
functions categorized into
types
… containing sub Integrated Product and Process Design
Problem Decomposition:
Function
Diagram for Nail Gun
Energy (?)
INPUT
Material (nails) Signal (tool "trip") Hand-held nailer
OUTPUT
Energy (?) Material (driven nail) Signal (?)
Step 1
NOTE: verb noun pattern Energy Note 7 sub functions Nails Store or ac cept ex ternal energy Store nails Convert energy to translational energy Is olate nail Apply translational energy to nail Driven nail
Step 2
"Trip" of tool Sens e trip Trigger tool 14 Integrated Product and Process Design
Once we note sub functions (using a
verb noun
pattern of thinking),
our mind will more readily think of ways
-- “hows” (sub- concepts) to accomplish these sub-functions…
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Function Decomposition: Wheelchair Note 4 sub functions
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Individual Exercise:
Take 4 Minutes:
- Quickly list four sub-functions for
your project
chart handed out at beginning of class… using - Identify three sub-concepts that might accomplish
just one
of these needed sub functions… Tape the chart in your Guidebook… - Be prepared to share your results with the class
Sub-Functions and sub-Concepts…
Concept Generation Process
16 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
• Clarify the problem Problem Decomposition • • • • • Search externally Lead Users Experts Patents Literature Benchmarking • • Search internally Individual Methods Group Methods • • Explore Systematically Classification Tree Combination Table Reflect on the Process Search Internally Integrated Product and Process Design Clarify Problem Explore Systematically Reflect on Process Search Externally
Search Externally: Hints for Finding Related Solutions
• • •
Lead Users
• benefit from improvement • innovation source
Benchmarking
• competitive products • Related/unrelated products
Experts
• technical experts • experienced customers • •
Patents
• search related inventions
Literature
• technical journals • trade literature 17 Integrated Product and Process Design
Capture Innovation from Utility Light Example
Lead Users
:
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Search Externally: Benchmarking Competitive Products… …..
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Search Externally: Benchmarking
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Search Externally: unrelated/related products Hardware stores, Sears…….
e.g.
gripping function
, etc.
QuickTime™ and a Photo - JPEG decompressor are needed to see this picture.
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Search Externally: Unrelated Products
29 Do these products have anything in common?
Integrated Product and Process Design
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Both Doors Snap Closed…
The train car inspired the cam design that closes the battery door on the Palm Treo Dock Integrated Product and Process Design
Search Externally: Getting help from experts…
•
Experts
in the field - Within your company - Other companies (vendors) • Faculty and researchers at universities • Other 21 Integrated Product and Process Design
•
Search Externally: Finding Ways to Achieve Functions from Patents Three types of patents
1.
utility
--describes
how a device or method works.
Generally most helpful! 2.
design
--describes the
look or form
of a device 3.
Plant
—genetically engineered living things • •
Two reasons for patent law
(Intellectual Property-IP) • Web patent search sites • www.uspto.gov
• www.google.com/patents
Law Library
: Ask for help at reference Desk or visit BYU
Technology Transfer Office
(west side of Lee Library) 22 Integrated Product and Process Design
24
Search Externally Example: Bottle Opener (Patent Search)
Integrated Product and Process Design
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Patent Drawings…
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Search Externally: Finding concepts from literature
• Technical articles—Lee Reference Librarian can help (Peter Zuber, 2321 HBLL, 422-2321) - Technical journals - Conference proceedings - Database searches - Trade magazines - Machine design - Popular Science - etc.
• Reference books (4 vol.
Ingenious Mechanisms
) • Other 23 Integrated Product and Process Design
“
Everyday
”
Experiences
Learn to use everyday experiences to generate ideas…
Search Externally: Web
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Concept Generation Process
33 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
• Clarify the problem Problem Decomposition • • • • • Search externally Lead Users Experts Patents Literature Benchmarking • • Search internally Individual Methods Group Methods • • Explore Systematically Classification Tree Combination Table Reflect on the Process Search Internally Integrated Product and Process Design Clarify Problem Explore Systematically Reflect on Process Search Externally
Internal Search: Hints for Generating Many Concepts (pg.109-110)
• Make analogies • Get non experts • Wish and wonder • Use related stimuli • Use unrelated stimuli • Set quantitative goals • Use gallery method • TRIZ Methodology - Look for conflicts between two or more desirable characteristics - 40 basic principles help to overcome conflicts - Bicycle tail light example 34 Integrated Product and Process Design
Concept Generation Process
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
• Clarify the problem Problem Decomposition • • • • • Search externally Lead Users Experts Patents Literature Benchmarking • • Search internally Individual Methods Group Methods • • Explore Systematically Classification Tree Combination Table Reflect on the Process Search Internally Clarify Problem Explore Systematically Reflect on Process Search Externally 48 Integrated Product and Process Design
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How do we Synthesize sub-concepts into
Total Product Concept
Solutions?
- Concept Classification Tree - Concept Combination Table - Other Integrated Product and Process Design
Concept Classification Tree…
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Concept Combination Table
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Reflect on the Results of the Process and the Process…
• Are we pleased with the results we have obtained?
• Is the team developing confidence that the total solution space has been fully explored?
• Should we consider
alternative function or decompositional diagrams?
• Are there alternative ways to decompose the problem?
• Have external sources been thoroughly pursued?
• Have internal ideas from
everyone
been accepted for consideration and integration into the process?
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Concept Generation Process
• • • • •
Clarify the problem
• Problem Decomposition
Search externally
• Lead Users • Experts • Patents • Literature • Benchmarking
Search internally
• Individual Methods • Group Methods
Explore Systematically
• Classification Tree • Combination Table
Reflect on the Process
Search Internally Clarify Problem Explore Systematically Reflect on Process Search Externally Integrated Product and Process Design
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Summary
• Once customer needs are interpreted and specifications developed,
generate lots
of sub concepts and concepts… • A
structured process
can help generate lots of ideas… • Document, Document, and document • Have Fun!
• Next time: How can I increase my creativity?
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