MALLEUS

SRI CHUSNIATI

Departement of Vet. Microbiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Airlangga University

MALLEUS

INGUS JAHAT GLANDERS FARCY ROTZ

O : Eubacteriales F : Brucellaceae G : Malleomyces Sp : -Malleomyces mallei  Malleus -Malleomyces pseudomallei = Pseudomonas pseudomallei  Mellioidosis

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Caused :

Malleomyces mallei = Pseudomonas mallei = Burcholderia mallei

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Sources of infection : secrete from nostril, excreta from chronic vulnus, saliva, tears, urine and feces

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Routes of infection

: Oral Inhalation Skin wound  The characterized of the disease : zoonotic, acute and chronic Majority host sensitive at horse and equidae Human : fatal at about + 95% if no handled Dog, cat, goat  moderate sensitive Sheep, pig, cattle  guinea pig, mice  resistant as an animals experimental

 Morphology : Straight bacilli, pleumorphic, aerobic 0,3-0,5 um x 0,7-5 um Non motile Negative Gram Spore & capsule  negative Easy growth at standard medium  Biochemistry characterized : Indol, nitrate reduction, MR/VP  negative H 2 S, NH 3, Enzymes of : Catalase, oxidase and gelatinase  positive

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Clinical symptoms

Acute performs  Fever, disphnoe  Discharge from nostril at periodically  Swelling at submaxillaris lymphoglandulae  + painfull  Cachexia  to be died at 2 weeks  Chronic performs  Its too weak, cough, discharge from nostril, intermittent fever  Swelling at submaxillaris lymphoglandulae  Lesion/nodules in internal noose and skin  farcy

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Pathology anatomy :

Rhinitis catarrh  purulent High degree infection  rupture in septum nasi  star spots  Pulmo & pleura: gray's nest    Cavum thorax : fibrins exudates Liver, lymph, testis  caseous Swelling at submaxillaris lymphoglandulae  specific   Skin : ulcus & nodule as a lymph circulations to fall off their hairs & cicatrisation    3 kinds of malleus : Nose of malleus Lung of malleus Skin of malleus  can be represented together

    Nose of malleus : Nodules at septum nasi out   obstruction on cavum nasi mucopurulent secrete and ulcers.

 Swelling at submaksilaris lymphoglandulae If recovery  perform Cicatrisation on skin substances with star broke Lung of malleus :  Majority by adverse of nose malleus infection   Nodules consist of pus & poly morfo nuclear (PMN) cell at the outer rings Chronic  Skin substances damage and than they would be substitute with cicatrix skin substance  TBC like perform Skin of malleus : Series Nodules perform at surface of lymph node circulation (systemic infection by lymph node circulations).

Broke out perform  ulcus/ulcera with pus excreta

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Pathogeneses:

Inhalation  rhinitis catharalis  purulenta  eruption at mucous of nose. Proteolysis enzyme presented (bacteria)  mucous irritation 

Ulcera sica

 discharge nasal & ulcera. “keropeng” (outer skin fall out) & cicatrisation perform  cicatrisation with star perform/stella  tract  cough. rhinitis distribute to be nasopharynx Bacteria in bronchus  ulcer  auscultation examinations  exudates  sounds of ronchi

 Oral  digestives tract. Proteolytic enzyme  mucous irritation  ulcera  bacteria distributed after insertion from blood circulation  lymph node circulation of eyes, feces and urine.

 predilection (lung & septum nasi). The bacteria avilable at discharge of nose, pus from the part of swelling body, saliva, tear  From skin vulnus (temporary)  node circulation  nodules series at outer surface of lymph node circulation  hematogen broke out  excreta, if the vulnus skin to be dried   lymph ulcus & pus would be produced “keropeng”.

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Diagnosis :

  Clinical symptom Mallein test • Ophthalmic mallein test   2-3 drops of mallein  saccus conjunctiva R/ +  conjunctivitis purulent after 1-2 days.

• Intra dermal test  0,1 cc mallein id  measuring the thick of skin before injection and 12 hours after injection if > 60%  + < 60%  -

 If the test have a negative result  weeks from the first R/ +  + malleus  re-test in after 2-3 please to be killed  free from malleus -Isolation and identification To be isolation from lesion & will be growth up on - Glycerin agar - Glycerin potato  adverse examination by biochemistry test

-Biologist test - intra peritoneal administrated against to guinea pig/ male mice  orchitis -Serologist test

Handling material (going to be laboratories) :  infected animal (ante mortem) : serum → serologist Swab by sterile cotton of nasal discharge (pus) → bacteriologist test  infected animal (post mortem) : Swelling organ substances (cavum nasi, lung, testicle, liver): - Still make it fresh - Growth up on Glycerin agar - Test by male guinea pig after injected intra peritoneal

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DD/.

 Nasal discharge  Strangles = “ Ingus tenang” = Adenitis equorum = Droes c/ Streptococcus equi (Gram +)  acute Curve of fever was specific illustrated : Initial of action at performing abscess on lymph node  The peak of body temperature was presented The broke out abscess (spontaneous /chirurgic)  declined body temperature  gradual recovery

 Nodules and skin ulcers      Epizootic lymphangitis / “selakarang”  Histoplasma farciminosa (fungi) Ulceratif lymphangitis 

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Melioidosis  

Pseudomonas pseudomallei

distributed the biggest nodules (“bungkul bungkul”) Dourine 

Trypanosoma equiperdum

 “Dollar spot” predilection at mucose membrane Swelling lymph node   Tbc Neoplasma

Therapeutics :

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Its too difficult, because :

Predilection at septum nasi The recovery process was to long term processed, with fatal implication Verry contagious No vaccination