VITAFLO 280, CROWN AND THIRAM Disease Control Pulse Crops

Chemtura Seed Treatments Pulses

• • • Products Crown Vitaflo 280 Thiram 75 WP Key Areas Treatability Diseases Controlled Rhizobia

Application Rates-Dry Peas

Product Apron Maxx RTA Trilex AL Vitaflo 280 Rate 325 mL/100 kg of seed 370 mL/100 kg of seed 260 mL/100 kg of seed

Trilex and Apron Maxx often result in excessive seed wetness with handling and potential bridging problems

Trilex AL Apron Maxx RTA Vitaflo 280

Apron Maxx RTA

Can bridge after drying

Trilex AL Wet and slight tendency for Bridging

Vitaflo 280

Seed readily moves apart after drying

Comparison of Disease Claims of Seed Treatments on Pea Disease Rhizoctonia Fusarium Ascochyta Pythium ApronMaxx RTA Control Control Control Control Trilex AL Control Control Suppression Control Vitaflo 280 Control Control Control Control

Vitaflo 280-Ascochyta of Pea

• • • • Ascochyta of pea very different than Ascochyta seed infection of lentil and chickpea Causes seedling blight on pea Vitaflo 280 is extremely effective Ensure seed has higher germination and plump

Ascochyta of Pea Germination Cold Temperatures Soil

100 80 60 64 73 73 71 63 70 65 40 44 20 0 Untreated Seed Lot A Apron Maxx RTA Lot B Vitaflo Low Vitaflo 280 High

Vitaflo 280-Rhizoctonia of Pea

• • • • Soil borne disease Causes seedling blight on pea An important yield robber in pulses Vitaflo 280 is extremely effective

5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0

Yield of Dry Pea at Brooks, AB Rhizoctonia inoculated

4580 4520

Dr. K Chang Alberta Agriculture

Untreated Check Apron Maxx RTA Vitaflo 280 @ 260 ML 960 Yield (kg/hectare)

Thiram 75 WP on Peas

• Powder-inferior and dusty formulation • Inexpensive • Effective on Pythium, Ascochyta and Fusarium seed rot and seedling blight. Weak on Rhizoctonia • Compatible with Nodulator Liquid (4 hr) and Peat (<4 hr)

Rhizobia and Seed Treatments

• • • • Granular Rhizobia products have no restrictions on seed treatments and often produce higher yields especially under drier soil spring conditions Peat rhizobia for peas and lentils perform better for nodulation than liquids Check with Rhizobia manufacturer on any restrictions Avoid tank mixing seed treatment and Rhizobia

Rhizobia Compatibility with Vitaflo on Pea

• Pea –Nodulator or So-Fast Peat Vitaflo applied first and dried then Rhizobia second 4-6 hours for planting • Vitaflo applied and simultaneous Peat Rhizobia applied- 2 hours window for planting • • Liquid are not recommended. Peat Rhizobia generally are more durable and produce more nodules than liquids No restrictions with Peat or Clay Granulars

Comparison of Disease Claims of Seed Treatments on Lentil ApronMaxx RTA Crown Trilex AL Vitaflo 280 Disease Rhizoctonia Fusarium Ascochyta Botrytis Pythium Control Control Control Control Control Superior Control Superior Control Superior Control Superior Control No* Control Control Suppression** Control Control Control Control No Control Control *Pythium a very minor pathogen of lentil as tannins in seed make the crop tolerant ** Very reduced efficacy.

CROWN ON LENTILS

• • • Provides superior control of Ascochyta compared to Apron Maxx RTA even when Crown applied at the low rate of 300 mL per 100 kg Crown is also labeled to control seed borne Botrytis, Fusarium and Rhizoctonia of lentil Pythium is minor pest on lentils so Crown can be applied alone

30 20 10 0 60 50 40

Ascochyta levels on Lentils Plated on PDA Discovery Seed Lab

Untreated Apron Maxx RTA Crown 300 mL/100 kg Lot 1 Lot 2

Ascochyta levels on Lentils Plated on PDA Discovery Seed Lab

Average Control for Apron Maxx- 36 % 60 50 Crown + 90 % control consistently 40 30 Untreated Apron Maxx RTA 20 10 0 Lot A Lot B Lot C

Impact of different levels of Botrytis on lentils for stand establishment with Crown Morrall University of Saskatchewan

% Botrytis in Seed Sown 0 12 22 29 20 42 CROWN % Increase % Increase Saskatoon 18 54 112 110 120 211 Melfort 12 35 74 87 111 153

Botrytis spreads plant to plant after seeding

Lentil Emergence and Yield (kg/hectare) in field plots inoculated with Rhizoctonia in Vegreville, AB Hwang and Chang

Treatment Untreated Crown Crown Apron Maxx RTA Rate per 100 kg ~ 300 mL 600 mL 325 mL Emergence Counts 22.8 d 49.7 abc 58.5 a 35.5 cd Yield kg/hectare 640 c 1010 a 1240 a 1070 a

Lentil emergence in field plots inoculated with Fusarium avenaceum control in Brooks, AB Hwang and Chang

30 25 20 15 10 5 0

b a

512 Lentil

a b a a

Laird Lentil Untreated Crown 300 mL/100 kg Crown 600 mL/100 kg

Lentil emergence in field plots inoculated with Rhizoctonia in Vegreville, AB Hwang and Chang

28.2

30 26.8

25 19.6

20 15 10 9.1

Untreated Vitaflo 280 Crown Apron Maxx RTA 5 0

d b b

Emergence

c

Rhizobia Compatibility-Vitaflo-Lentils

• • Nodulator or So-Fast Peat Nodulator or So-Fast- 4-6 hours with Vitaflo applied first and allowed to dry 1-2 hours applied simultaneous application and Vitaflo wet when Rhizobia added • • Novozymes-Lentil 24 hours-Tag Team sequential 48 hours-N-Prove Peat sequential

Rhizobia Compatibility-Crown-Lentils

• • • Nodulator or So-Fast Peat Nodulator or So-Fast Peat- 3-4 hours with simultaneously or sequentially Nodulator Liquid • 2 to 3 hours with simultaneously or sequentially Novozymes-Lentil 24 hours-Tag Team sequential 48 hours-N-Prove Peat sequential

Comparison of Disease Control of Apron Maxx RTA to Crown+ Allegiance on Chickpea Disease Pythium Ascochyta Crown + Allegiance Control Superior Control ApronMaxx RTA Control Control?

CROWN ON CHICKPEAS

1) Must be applied with Allegiance (metalaxyl) or Apron XL to chickpeas for Pythium Control . This is a requirement to obtain coverage for Crop Insurance in Saskatchewan (90 % plant losses from Pythium on Kabuli Chickpeas is common).

2) Provides superior control of Ascochyta compared to Apron Maxx RTA even when Crown applied at the low label rate of 300 mL per 100 kg 3) Ascochyta can completely wipe out chickpea crop. To obtain crop insurance in Saskatchewan, seed level infection has to be at trace levels (Crown treated seed can be evaluated by lab).

Ascochyta levels on Chickpeas Plated on PDA Discovery Seed Lab

Average Control for Apron Maxx- 14 % 20 Crown + 90 % control consistently 15 10 Untreated Apron Maxx RTA 5 0 Lot A Lot B

Trilex Al for Ascochyta Control on Chickpeas

Ascochyta resistance is widespread to Group 11 fungicides. Trilex Al would be ineffective against these strains Crown is the only product that provides a high level of control of ascochyta of chickpeas Have ascochyta on seed, Crown is the only choice!!

Rhizobia Compatibility-Crown+Metalaxyl Chickpeas

• • Chickpea Nodulator 24 hours –dry or simultaneous application (longer than Apron Maxx) Chickpea Novozymes 6 hours simultaneously or sequential application TagTeam

Chickpea Emergence in field plots inoculated with Rhizoctonia in Brooks, AB Alberta Ag

20 15 10 5 0 45 40 35 30 25 c c a a b Untreated Metalaxyl Crown (300mL)+ Metalaxyl Crown (600mL) + Metalaxyl Apron Maxx RTA Emerge

Chickpea Emergence and Yield (kg/hectare) in field plots inoculated with Rhizoctonia in Brooks, AB Alberta Ag

Treatment Untreated Allegiance Fl Apron Maxx RTA Rate per 100 kg ~ 16 mL 325 mL Emergence Counts 0.1 e 0.7 e 14.4 c 5.9 d Yield kg/hectare 560 380 3460 2250

Comparison of Disease Claims of Apron Maxx RTA and Vitaflo 280 on Soybean and Bean Disease Rhizoctonia Fusarium Phomopsis (Soybean) Anthracnose (Bean) Pythium ApronMaxx RTA Control Control Control Suppression Control Vitaflo 280 Control Control Yes-Superior Suppression Control

Seed Treatments Chemtura

• Vitaflo 280 Many Crops Easy handling Broad Disease Spectrum Unique mode of action Great Value $$$ • Crown Superior Ascochyta, Rhizoctonia and Fusarium to ApronMaxx